Mariano Trigo^1,7, Diling Zhu⁶, Daria Popova-Gorelova^3,4,9, and David A. Reis^1,7,†

• ¹Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
• ²Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
• ³I. Institute for Theoretical Physics and Centre for Free-Electron Laser Science, the University of Hamburg, Notkestrasse 9, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
• ⁴The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging (CUI), Luruper Chaussee 149, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
• ⁵Institute for Beam Physics and Technology (IBPT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
• ⁶Linear Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
• ⁷Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
• ⁸Physics Department and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
• ⁹Institute of Physics, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Erich-Weinert-Straße 1, 03046 Cottbus, Germany

• ^*Contact author: ccornela@stanford.edu
• ^†Contact author: dreis@stanford.edu