Motivated by the recent observation of $T_{c\overline{s}0}(2900{)}^0$ and $T_{c\overline{s}0}(2900{)}^{++}$ in the $D_s\pi$ invariant mass distributions, we investigate $D^{*}{K}^{*}$ interactions in a coupled-channel approach. Within the hidden local symmetry formalism, a sizable attraction interaction is found in the $J=0$ isospin triplet sector that can form a bound or a virtual state, which is consistent with the experimentally observed $T_{c\overline{s}0}(2900)$. By reproducing a $D_s^{*}\rho \text{−}{D}^{*}{K}^{*}$ bound/virtual state with the pole mass equal to that of the $T_{c\overline{s}0}(2900)$ measured by LHCb in the sector $(I,J)=(1,0)$, we determine the unknown parameter in the loop function, and then search for possible poles in the sectors of $I=1$, $J=1$, 2 and $I=0$, $J=0$, 1, 2. The predicted resonances provide a useful reference for the future experimental studies of the $(C,S)=(1,1)$ systems and can be also helpful to unravel the nature of the $T_{c\overline{s}0}(2900)$.

We compute exclusive ${\eta }_c$ production in high-energy electron-nucleon and electron-nucleus collisions that is sensitive to the odderon. In perturbative QCD the odderon is a $C$-odd color singlet consisting of at least three $t$-channel gluons exchanged with the target. By using the Color Glass Condensate effective theory our result describes the odderon exchange at the high-collision energies that would be reached at a future electron-ion collider. The odderon distribution is evolved to small-$x$ using the Balitsky-Kovchegov evolution equation with running coupling corrections. We find that while at low momentum transfers $t$ the cross section off a proton is dominated by the Primakoff process, the odderon becomes relevant at larger momentum transfers of $|t|\ge 1.5{\mathrm{GeV}}^2$. We point that the odderon could also be extracted at low-$t$ using neutron targets since the Primakoff component is strongly suppressed. In the case of nuclear targets, the odderon cross section becomes enhanced thanks to the mass number of the nuclear target. The gluon saturation effect induces a shift in the diffractive pattern with respect to the Primakoff process that could be used as a signal for the odderon.

We describe numerical simulations of the stochastic diffusion equation with a conserved charge. We focus on the dynamics in the vicinity of a critical point in the Ising universality class. The model we consider is expected to describe the critical dynamics near a possible QCD critical point if the coupling of the order parameter to the momentum density of the fluid can be neglected. The simulations are performed on a spatial lattice, and the time evolution is performed using a Metropolis algorithm. We determine the dynamical critical exponent $z\simeq 3.972(2)$, which agrees with predictions of the epsilon expansion. We also study nonequilibrium sweeps of the reduced temperature and observe approximate Kibble-Zurek scaling.

The method of brackets (MoB) is a technique used to compute definite integrals, that has its origin in the negative dimensional integration method. It was originally proposed for the evaluation of Feynman integrals for which, when applicable, it gives the results in terms of combinations of (multiple) series. We focus here on some of the limitations of MoB and address them by studying the Mellin-Barnes (MB) representation technique. There has been significant progress recently in the study of the latter due to the development of a new computational approach based on conic hulls [see B. Ananthanarayan et al., Multiple Series Representations of N-fold Mellin-Barnes Integrals, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 151601 (2021)]. The comparison between the two methods helps to understand the limitations of the MoB, in particular when termwise divergent series appear. As a consequence, the MB technique is found to be superior over MoB for two major reasons: 1. the selection of the sets of series that form a series representation for a given integral follows, in the MB approach, from specific intersections of conic hulls, which, in contrast to MoB, does not need any convergence analysis of the involved series, and 2. MB can be used to evaluate resonant (i.e. logarithmic) cases where MoB fails due to the appearance of termwise divergent series. Furthermore, we show that the recently added rule 5 of MoB naturally emerges as a consequence of the residue theorem in the context of MB.

We revisit the calculation of the cross section for forward inclusive single hadron production in $pA$ collisions within the hybrid approach. We show that the proper framework to perform this calculation beyond leading order is not the collinear factorization, as has been assumed so far, but the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorized framework. Within the TMD factorized approach we show that all the large transverse logarithms appearing in the fixed order calculation are resummed into the evolution of the TMD parton distribution functions and TMD fragmentation functions with factorization scale. The resulting expressions, when written in terms of TMDs evolved to the appropriate, physically well understood factorization scale, contain no additional large logarithms. The absence of any large logarithms in the resummed result should ensure positivity of the cross section and eradicate the persistent problem that has plagued the previous attempts at calculating this observable in the hybrid approach.

A new color basis system and confinement mechanism for multiquark systems are proposed according to the string-type picture of QCD. The color string configurations in the strong coupling QCD are implemented in the set of color basis states. The extended color Hilbert space for $QQ\overline{Q}\overline{Q}$ systems includes a “hidden color” state, which mixes with two-meson states $Q\overline{Q}+Q\overline{Q}$, This mixing effect leads to an attractive potential sufficient to form a bound state. We apply a realistic Hamiltonian model with the new scheme to fully charmed tetraquark states, $cc\overline{c}\overline{c}$, and find a bound and two resonant states, which could potentially correspond to the $cc\overline{c}\overline{c}$ tetraquark candidates recently observed in experiments.

We show that a noncommutative structure arises naturally from perturbative quantum gravity in a de Sitter background metric. Our work builds on recent advances in the construction of observables in highly symmetric background spacetimes [Brunetti et al., J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2016) 032; Fröb and Lima, Classical Quantum Gravity 35, 095010 (2018)], where the dynamical coordinates that are needed in the relational approach were established for such backgrounds to all orders in perturbation theory. We show that these dynamical coordinates that describe events in the perturbed spacetime are naturally noncommuting and determine their commutator to leading order in the Planck length. Our result generalizes the causal noncommutative structure that was found using the same approach in Minkowski space [Fröb et al., Phys. Rev. D 107, 064041 (2023)].

We construct and analyze the domain-wall solution in $D=11$ supergravity connecting the $\mathcal{N}=1$, ${\mathrm{AdS}}_4\times S_{\text{squashed}}^7$ vacuum to the $\mathcal{N}=8$, ${\mathrm{AdS}}_4\times S_{\text{round}}^7$ vacuum. This domain wall describes the holographic renormalization group flow from an $\mathrm{Sp}(2)\times \mathrm{Sp}(1)$ symmetric UV fixed point to the SO(8) symmetric IR fixed point. It breaks all supersymmetries which are (partially) restored at its endpoints. We show how recent techniques from exceptional field theory allow us to compute the quadratic couplings of all Kaluza-Klein (KK) fluctuations around the domain wall background, encoding all two-point correlators along the holographic RG flow.

Symmetries and conservation laws associated with the ideal Einstein-Euler system, for stationary and axisymmetric stars, can be utilized to define a set of flow constants. These quantities are conserved along flow lines in the sense that their gradients are orthogonal to the four-velocity. They are also conserved along surfaces of constant magnetic flux, making them powerful tools to identify general features of neutron star equilibria. One important corollary of their existence is that mixed poloidal-toroidal fields are inconsistent with the absence of meridional flows except in some singular sense, a surprising but powerful result first proven by Bekenstein and Oron. In this work, we revisit the flow constant formalism to rederive this result together with several new ones concerning both nonlinear and perturbative magnetic equilibria. Our investigation is supplemented by some numerical solutions for multipolar magnetic fields on top of a Tolman-VII background, where strict power-counting of the flow constants is used to ensure a self-consistent treatment.

I present a class of theories that generalize quasilinear modified Newtonian dynamics, MOND (QUMOND). These generalized-QUMOND (GQUMOND) theories are derived from an action, and, like QUMOND, they require solving only the linear Poisson equation (twice), and are thus amenable to relatively simple numerical solution. Unlike QUMOND, their Lagrangian depends on higher derivatives of the Newtonian potential. They thus dictate different “phantom” densities as virtual sources in the Poisson equation for the MOND potential. These theories are not necessarily more appealing than QUMOND itself from a fundamental viewpoint. But, they might open new avenues to more fundamental theories, and, in the least, they have much heuristic value. Indeed, I use them to demonstrate that even within limited classes of modified-gravity formulations of MOND, theories can differ substantially on lower-tier MOND predictions, showing that it would be imprudent, at present, to equate MOND itself with some specific effective theory, such as QUMOND. Such GQUMOND theories force, generically, the introduction of dimensioned constants other than the MOND acceleration, $a_0$, such as a length, a frequency, etc. As a result, some of these theories reduce to QUMOND itself only, e.g., on length scales (or, in other versions, dynamical times) larger than some critical value. But in smaller systems (or, alternatively, in ones with shorter dynamical times), MOND effects are screened, even if their internal accelerations are smaller than $a_0$. In such theories it is possible that MOND (expressed as QUMOND) applies on galactic scales, but its departures from Newtonian dynamics are substantially suppressed in some subgalactic systems—such as binary stars, and open, or globular star clusters. The same holds for the effect of the galactic field on dynamics in the inner Solar System, which can be greatly suppressed compared with what QUMOND predicts. Tidal effects of a galaxy on smaller subsystems are the same as in QUMOND, for the examples I consider. I also describe briefly versions that do not involve dimensioned constants other than $a_0$, and yet differ from QUMOND in important ways, because they revolve around more than one acceleration variable.

Models for the observational appearance of astrophysical black holes rely critically on accurate general-relativistic ray tracing and radiation transport to compute the intensity measured by a distant observer. In this paper, we illustrate how the choice of coordinates and initial conditions affect this process. In particular, we show that propagating rays from the camera to the source leads to different solutions if the spatial part of the momentum of the photon points towards the horizon or away from it. In doing this, we also show that coordinates that are well suited for numerical general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations are typically not optimal for generic ray tracing. We discuss the implications for black hole images and show that radiation transport in optimal and nonoptimal spacetime coordinates lead to the same images up to numerical errors and algorithmic choices.

We perform a systematic study of rotating charged fluids and extend several well-known theorems regarding static Weyl-type systems which were recently compiled by Lemos and Zanchin [Phys. Rev. D 80, 024010 (2009)] to rotating and axisymmetric systems. Static Weyl-type systems are composed by static charged fluid configurations obeying the Newton-Maxwell or the Einstein-Maxwell systems of equations in which the electric potential $\varphi$ and the timelike metric potential $g_{tt}\equiv -W^2$ satisfy the Weyl hypothesis, i.e., $W=W(\varphi )$. In the present analysis, both the Newton-Maxwell and Einstein-Maxwell theories that describe nonrelativistic and relativistic systems, respectively, are used to perform a detailed analysis of the general properties of rotating charged fluids rotating charged dust as well as rotating charged fluids with pressure in four-dimensional spacetimes. In comparison to the static (nonrotating) systems, two additional potentials, a metric potential related to rotation and an electromagnetic potential related to the magnetic field, come into play for rotating systems. In each case, constraints between the fluid quantities and the metric and electromagnetic potentials are identified in order to generalize the theorems holding for static charged systems to rotating charged systems. New theorems regarding equilibrium configurations with differential rotation in both the Newtonian and the relativistic theories are stated and proved. For rigidly rotating charged fluids in the Einstein-Maxwell theory, a new ansatz involving the gradient of the metric potentials and the gradient of the electromagnetic potentials is considered in order to prove new theorems. Such an ansatz leads to new constraints between the fluid quantities and the potential fields, so implying new equations of state for the charged fluids. Besides the new results and theorems, several previous results are re-obtained in the present analysis.

Extracting information from cosmic surveys is often done in a two-step process, construction of maps and then summary statistics such as two-point functions. We use simulations to demonstrate the advantages of a general Bayesian framework that consistently combines different cosmological experiments on the field level, and reconstructs both the maps and cosmological parameters. We apply our method to jointly reconstruct the primordial CMB, the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, and six tomographic galaxy density maps on the full sky on large scales along with several cosmological parameters. While the traditional maximum a posterior estimator has both two-point level and field-level bias, the new approach yields unbiased cosmological constraints and improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the maps.

The $Om3$ diagnostic [A. Shafieloo, V. Sahni, and A. A. Starobinsky, Phys. Rev. D 86, 103527 (2012)] tests the consistency of the cosmological constant as a candidate for dark energy using baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data. An important feature of $Om3$ is that it is independent of any parametric assumption for dark energy, neither does it depend upon the dynamics of the Universe during the prerecombination nor postrecombination eras. In other words, $Om3$ can be estimated using BAO observables and used either to confirm or falsify the cosmological constant independently of the value of the Hubble constant $H_0$ (expansion rate at $z=0$), and the comoving sound horizon at the baryon drag epoch, $r_d$ (which is a function of the physics of the Universe prior to recombination). Consequently, $Om3$ can play a key role in identifying the nature of dark energy regardless of the existing tensions in the standard model of cosmology and the possible presence of systematics in some of the data sets. We revisit $Om3$ using the most recent BAO observables from the eBOSS survey in order to test the consistency of the cosmological constant with this data. Our results show the consistency of dark energy being the cosmological constant. Moreover, with eBOSS data, we have achieved a precision of 1.5% for this three-point diagnostic. This demonstrates that $Om3$ can be a potent diagnostic of dark energy when used in conjunction with the high precision data expected from forthcoming large scale structure surveys such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) and Euclid.

Self-interacting scalar field dark matter can be seen as an extension of the free case known as fuzzy dark matter. The interactive case is capable of reproducing the positive features of the free case at both astrophysical and cosmological scales. On the other hand, current imaging black holes (BHs) observations provided by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration cannot rule out the possibility that BHs can carry some amount of charge. Motivated by these aspects, and by the possibility of detecting dark matter through its gravitational imprints on BH observations, in this paper, we extend previous studies of accretion of self-interacting scalar field dark matter to the charged BH case. Our analysis is based on the assumption on spherically symmetric flow and employs a test fluid approximation. All analytical expressions are derived from the ground up in Schwarzschild coordinates. Concretely, we implement analytical and numerical approaches to investigate the impact of the charge on the energy flux. From this analysis, we notice that the mass accretion rate efficiency is reduced up to $\sim 20\%$ for the maximum allowed charge. Additionally, considering the mass accretion rate of ${\mathrm{M}87}^{\star }$ inferred from polarization data of the EHT, we infer the conservative bound ${\lambda }_4>(1.49–10.2)(m/1\mathrm{eV}{)}^4$ based on the simple criterion that ensures the mass accretion rate caused by DM remains subdominant compared to the baryonic component.

We describe the formalism to analyze the mathematical ambiguities arising in partial-wave analysis of two spinless mesons produced with a linearly polarized photon beam. We show that partial waves are uniquely defined when all accessible observables are considered, for a wave set which includes $S$ and $D$ waves. The inclusion of higher partial waves does not affect our results, and we conclude that there are no mathematical ambiguities in partial-wave analysis of two mesons produced with a linearly polarized photon beam. We present Monte Carlo simulations to illustrate our results.

We explore the Higgs boson implications of a class of supersymmetric models, which extends the MSSM gauge group by a $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ symmetry, which is broken at low energy scales by vacuum expectation values of four MSSM singlet fields. These singlets also form a secluded sector, and one of them is allowed to interact with the MSSM Higgs fields directly. After the $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ and electroweak symmetry breaking, the low scale spectra include six $CP$-even and four $CP$-odd Higgs bosons, whose masses can lie from 80 GeV to 2–3 TeV. We find that the heavy $CP$-even Higgs bosons can be probed through their decays into a pair of SM gauge bosons currently up to about $m_{h_i}\simeq 1.5\mathrm{TeV}$, while their probe can be extended to about $m_{h_i}\simeq 2.5\mathrm{TeV}$ in the near future. The most interesting feature of the low scale spectra in the class of secluded $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ models is to include two light $CP$-odd Higgs bosons whose masses are bounded at about 250 GeV by the current collider and DM experiments, when the LSP neutralino is mostly formed by the MSSM singlets. These light $CP$-odd Higgs bosons should be formed by the MSSM singlet scalars to be consistent with the current constraints. Despite their singlet nature, they can be traced through their associated production with photons. In our work, we consider their productions at the collider experiments together with photons, and we realize that these light Higgs bosons can potentially be probed during Run-3 experiments of LHC when they are lighter than about 100 GeV. We also show that Run-4 and HL-LHC experiments will be able to probe these light scalars up to about 250 GeV.

The tree-level parameters of the $2+1$ flavor quark-meson model become inconsistent when the quark one-loop vacuum fluctuation is included in its effective potential. Relating the counterterms in the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme to those in the on-shell scheme, the relations between the renormalized parameters of both the schemes have been determined, and the consistent effective potential for the renormalized quark-meson (RQM) model has been calculated using the modified minimal subtraction method where the relations between the physical quantities (i.e. pole masses of the pseudoscalar $\pi$, $K$, $\eta$, and ${\eta }^{\prime }$ and the scalar $\sigma$ mesons, the pion and kaon decay constants $f_{\pi }$ and $f_K$) and the running couplings have been used as input. The effective potentials, order parameters, and phase diagrams have been computed for the RQM model and compared respectively with the corresponding calculations in the quark-meson model without the vacuum term and the quark-meson model with the vacuum term where the curvature meson masses have been used for fixing the model parameters. The $f_{\pi }$, $f_K$, the Yukawa coupling $g$, and the minimum of the effective potential do not change but the explicit symmetry breaking strength $h_x$ gets a small reduction equal to the two flavor RQM model correction while the strength $h_y$ becomes weaker by a relatively large amount in the $2+1$ flavor RQM model because the pion curvature mass $m_{\pi ,c}=135.95\mathrm{MeV}$ is 2.05 MeV smaller than its pole mass $m_{\pi }=138.0\mathrm{MeV}$ and the kaon curvature mass $m_{K,c}=467.99\mathrm{MeV}$ is 28.01 MeV smaller than its pole mass $m_K=496.0\mathrm{MeV}$ after the renormalization. Therefore the $2+1$ flavor RQM model phase diagrams and the critical end point location differ noticeably from the existing two flavor RQM model results [S. K. Rai and V. K. Tiwari, Phys. Rev. D 105, 094010 (2022)]. The enhanced coefficient of the ’t Hooft determinant term in the RQM model modifies the $T(\mu )$ dependence of the $U_A(1)$ axial symmetry restoration pattern.

We have studied the tau-lepton polarization in the charged current ${\nu }_{\tau }/{\overline{\nu }}_{\tau }$-induced deep inelastic scattering (DIS) from the free nucleon, as well as off the nuclear targets that are being used in ongoing and proposed experiments such as IceCube, DUNE, etc. For the free nucleon target, the differential scattering cross sections are obtained by taking into account the nonperturbative effects, like target mass corrections (TMC), and the perturbative effects, like the evolution of the parton densities at the next-to-leading order (NLO) in the four-flavor $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme. In the case of nucleons bound inside a nuclear target, we have incorporated the nuclear medium effects such as Fermi motion, binding energy, and nucleon correlations, through the use of the nucleon spectral function. We shall present the results for the differential scattering cross sections and the longitudinal and transverse components of the tau-lepton polarization, assuming time-reversal invariance.

Using neutrinos produced at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the COHERENT collaboration has studied the $\mathrm{Pb}({\nu }_e,\mathrm{X}n)$ process with a lead neutrino-induced-neutron (NIN) detector. Data from this detector are fit jointly with previously collected COHERENT data on this process. A combined analysis of the two datasets yields a cross section that is ${0.29}_{-0.16}^{+0.17}$ times that predicted by the MARLEY event generator using experimentally-measured Gamow-Teller strength distributions, consistent with no NIN events at $1.8\sigma$. This is the first inelastic neutrino-nucleus process COHERENT has studied, among several planned exploiting the high flux of low-energy neutrinos produced at the SNS.