In this paper, we investigate the quasinormal mode (QNM) spectra for the scalar perturbation over the quantum-corrected black hole (BH) known as the quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder (qOS) BH. The fundamental modes of the qOS BH exhibit two key properties. First, there is a nonmonotonic behavior concerning the quantum-corrected parameter for zero multipole number. Second, the quantum gravity effects result in slower decay modes. For higher overtones, a significant deviation becomes evident between the quasinormal frequencies (QNFs) of the qOS and Schwarzschild BHs. The intervention of quantum gravity corrections induces a significant outburst of overtones. This outburst of these overtones can be attributed to the distinctions near the event horizons between the Schwarzschild and qOS BHs. Therefore, overtones can serve as a means to probe physical phenomena or disparities in the vicinity of the event horizon.

Geodesic scattering of a test particle off a Schwarzschild black hole can be parametrized by the speed-at-infinity $v$ and the impact parameter $b$, with a “separatrix,” $b=b_c(v)$, marking the threshold between scattering and plunge. Near the separatrix, the scattering angle diverges as $\sim \log (b-b_c)$. The self-force correction to the scattering angle (at fixed $v$, $b$) diverges even faster, like $\sim A_1(v)b_c/(b-b_c)$. Here we numerically calculate the divergence coefficient $A_1(v)$ in a scalar-charge toy model. We then use our knowledge of $A_1(v)$ to inform a resummation of the post-Minkowskian expansion for the scattering angle, and demonstrate that the resummed series agrees remarkably well with numerical self-force results even in the strong-field regime. We propose that a similar resummation technique, applied to a mass particle subject to a gravitational self-force, can significantly enhance the utility and regime of validity of post-Minkowskian calculations for black-hole scattering.

Upcoming surveys will measure the cosmic microwave background (CMB) weak lensing power spectrum in exquisite detail, allowing for strong constraints on the sum of neutrino masses among other cosmological parameters. Standard CMB lensing power spectrum estimators aim to extract the connected non-Gaussian trispectrum of CMB temperature maps. However, they are generically dominated by a large disconnected, or Gaussian, noise bias, which thus needs to be subtracted at high accuracy. This is currently done with realistic map simulations of the CMB and noise, whose finite accuracy currently limits our ability to recover CMB lensing on small scales. In this paper, we propose a novel estimator which instead avoids this large Gaussian bias. This estimator relies only on the data and avoids the need for bias subtraction with simulations. Thus, our bias avoidance method is (1) insensitive to misestimates in simulated CMB and noise models and (2) avoids the large computational cost of standard simulation-based methods like “realization-dependent $N^{(0)}$” (${\mathrm{RDN}}^{(0)}$). We show that our estimator is as robust as standard methods in the presence of realistic inhomogeneous noise (e.g., from scan strategy) and masking. Moreover, our method can be combined with split-based methods, making it completely insensitive to mode coupling from inhomogeneous atmospheric and detector noise. We derive the corresponding expressions for our estimator when estimating lensing from CMB temperature and polarization. Although we specifically consider CMB weak lensing power spectrum estimation in this paper, we illuminate the relation between our new estimator, ${\mathrm{RDN}}^{(0)}$ subtraction, and general optimal trispectrum estimation. Through this discussion, we conclude that our estimator is applicable to analogous problems in other fields that rely on estimating connected trispectra/four-point functions like large-scale structure.

We study the simultaneous decay of global string loops into scalar particles (massless and massive modes) and gravitational waves (GWs). Using field-theory simulations in flat space-time of isolated loops with initial length $\sim 80–1700$ times their core width, we determine the power emitted into scalar particles, $P_{\phi }$, and GWs, $P_{\mathrm{GW}}$, and characterize the loop-decay timescale as a function of its initial length, energy, and angular momentum. We quantify infrared and ultraviolet lattice dependencies of our results. For all type of loops and initial conditions considered, GW emission is always suppressed compared to particles as $P_{\mathrm{GW}}/P_{\phi }\approx \mathcal{O}(10)(v/m_{\mathrm{p}}{)}^2\ll 1$, where $v$ is the vacuum expectation value associated with string formation. These conclusions are robust for the length-to-width ratios considered, with no indication they should change if the ratio is increased. The results suggest that the GW background from a global string network, such as in dark-matter axion scenarios, will be suppressed compared to previous expectations.

In this paper, we propose a method to detect the interaction of a hypothetical coherently evolving cosmological scalar field with an orbital network of quantum sensors, focusing on the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite network as a test example. Cosmological scenarios, such as a scalar-tensor theory for dark energy or the axi-Higgs model, suggest that such a field may exist. As this field would be (approximately) at rest in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) frame, it would exhibit a dipole as a result of the movement of our terrestrial observers relative to the CMB. While the current sensitivity of the GPS network is insufficient to detect a cosmological dipole, future networks of quantum sensors on heliocentric orbits, using state-of-the-art atomic clocks, can reach and exceed this requirement.

We present an in-depth analysis of the LISA Pathfinder differential acceleration performance over the entire course of its science operations, spanning approximately 500 days. We find: (1) The evolution of the Brownian noise that dominates the acceleration amplitude spectral density (ASD), for frequencies $f\gtrsim 1\mathrm{mHz}$, is consistent with the decaying pressure due to the outgassing of a single gaseous species. (2) Between $f=36\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{Hz}$ and 1 mHz, the acceleration ASD shows a $1/f$ tail in excess of the Brownian noise of almost constant amplitude, with $\simeq 20\%$ fluctuations over a period of a few days, with no particular time pattern over the course of the mission. (3) At the lowest considered frequency of $f=18\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{Hz}$, the ASD significantly deviates from the $1/f$ behavior, because of temperature fluctuations that appear to modulate a quasistatic pressure gradient, sustained by the asymmetries of the outgassing pattern. We also present the results of a projection of the observed acceleration noise on the potential sources for which we had either a direct correlation measurement or a quantitative estimate from dedicated experiments. These sources account for approximately 40% of the noise power in the $1/f$ tail. Finally, we analyze the possible sources of the remaining unexplained fraction and identify the possible measures that may be taken to keep those under control in LISA.

We propose an external field approach to evaluating effective action allowing the interaction to act everywhere at all times (everlasting). Requiring that the asymptotic gauge fields are always interacting, we implement displacement fields encoding polarization corrections into the derivation of effective action. The result is a novel polarization summation for one-cut reducible loop diagrams, which can be applied to two cases: transient quasiconstant electromagnetic fields and everlasting interactions. In the first case, a perturbative expansion of our result recovers the Schwinger-Dyson reducible diagram series with a Landau pole. The everlasting summation evaluated in nonperturbative fashion removes the Landau pole, providing a new avenue for modeling strongly interacting theories.

The experimental confirmation of neutrino mass and mixing disagrees with the picture of the Standard Model, and thus provides a good motivation to look for unknown physics. A seesaw variant in which neutrino masses are radiatively generated, with neutrinos characterized by Majorana fields and where a set of three hypothetical neutral heavy leptons are present, has been considered in the present work. We have calculated, estimated, and analyzed the contributions from virtual light and heavy neutrinos to the gauge vertex $WWZ$, in the context of a future electron-positron collider. We have found that contributions to both $CP$-even and $CP$-odd anomalous couplings are generated. Our estimations indicate that contributions as large as ${10}^{-3}$ can be achieved in both cases. This is particularly interesting for the $CP$-odd effects, which are expected to appear in the framework of the Standard Model since the three-loop order, thus being quite suppressed. By considering the expected sensitivity of the International Linear Collider to this gauge vertex, we conclude that these new-physics effects would be within its reach for $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions taking place at a center-of-mass energy of 800 GeV.

In the context of TeV-scale lepton number violating (LNV) interactions, we illustrate the interplay between leptogenesis, neutrinoless double beta ($0\nu \beta \beta$) decay, and LNV searches at proton-proton colliders. Using a concrete model for illustration, we overcome the limitations of previous effective field theory analyses and are able to identify the parameter space where standard thermal leptogenesis is rendered unviable due to washout processes. Moreover, we show how $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay and $pp$ collisions provide complementary probes. We find that the new particle spectrum can have a decisive impact on the relative sensitivity of these two probes.

We study the global and local topological properties of multilepton patterns reconstructed at the detectors. We investigate the sensitivity of Forman Ricci curvature distributions and persistent homology features to kinematic cuts, integrated luminosity, and scales of maximum filtration. We find that these topological properties are efficient enough in discriminating the beyond Standard Model (BSM) scenarios from the SM background, when the BSM scenarios possess a massive invisible particle. We also find that the topological properties exhibit a scaling behavior with integrated luminosity. This exploratory study suggests that the topological features can potentially supplement the traditional cut-and-count analyses in search of new physics.

A generalized Frenkel condition is proposed for use in spin hydrodynamics to relate the spin density and spin polarization (or spin chemical potential) tensors. It allows for independent treatment of electriclike and magneticlike components of the spin density tensor, which helps to fulfill the stability conditions recently derived in the literature. The generalized Frenkel condition extrapolates between the original Frenkel condition, where only the magneticlike part of the spin tensor is present, and the case where the spin density tensor is directly proportional to the spin polarization tensor. We also demonstrate that our approach is supported by the result of a microscopic calculation.

We revisit the chiral properties of nucleon interpolating currents, and show that of the two leading order currents $j_1$ and $j_2$, only two linear combinations $j_1\pm j_2$ transform covariantly under the anomalous $U(1{)}_A$ symmetry. As a result, calculations of quantities which vanish by symmetry in the chiral limit may produce unphysical results if carried out with different linear combinations of the currents. This includes observables such as electric dipole moments, induced by the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) parameter $\theta$, and the $\theta$-dependence of the nucleon mass. For completeness, we also exhibit the leading order results for nucleon electric dipole moments ($d_{n,p}$) induced by $\theta$, and the nucleon magnetic moments (${\mu }_{n,p}$), when calculated using QCD sum rules for both the covariant choices of the nucleon interpolating current. The results in each channel, conveniently expressed as the ratios, $d_{n,p}/{\mu }_{n,p}$, are numerically consistent, and reflect the required physical dependence on $\theta$.

In this study, we analyze the cross-section data from the $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \gamma J/\psi \omega$ process to explore both short-distance and long-distance interactions for the radiative transition $Y(4200)\to \gamma X(3872)$. We investigate the short-distance effects through the E1 transition among the $c\overline{c}$ components, and the long-distance effects via hadronic loop diagrams. Our numerical analysis reveals that short-distance interactions play a significantly larger role in the radiative transition than that of the long-distance interactions. This finding underscores the importance of the compact $c\overline{c}$ components in both the initial and the final states for accurately understanding the cross-section $\sigma [e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \gamma J/\psi \omega ]$. Furthermore, with the help of relative branch ratio $\mathcal{R}$ we estimate the $\mathrm{\Gamma }[Y(4200)\to \gamma X(3872)]$ implied in the experimental study. Finally, we also discuss the possible existence of the $\psi (4040)$ signal within the cross-section data.

In this work we study the multiplicity distributions (MDs) of charged particles within jets in proton-proton collisions, which were measured by the ATLAS Collaboration in 2011, 2016 and 2019. The first dataset refers to jets with smaller transverse momenta ($4<p_T<40\mathrm{GeV}$) whereas the other two refer to higher $p_T$ jets ($0.1<p_T<2.5\mathrm{TeV}$). We find that the lower $p_T$ set shows no sign of KNO scaling and that the higher $p_T$ sets gradually approach the scaling limit. For the lower $p_T$ set the mean multiplicity as a function of $p_T$ can be well-described by expressions derived from QCD with different approximation schemes. For higher ($>500\mathrm{GeV}$) values of $p_T$ these expressions significantly overshoot the data. We show that the behavior of the MDs can be well-represented by a sub-Poisson distribution with energy dependent parameters. In the range $40<p_T<100\mathrm{GeV}$ there is a transition from sub to super Poissonian behavior and the MD evolves to a geometric distribution, which shows KNO scaling. In this way we fit the MDs in all transverse momentum intervals with one single expression. We discuss the implications of this phenomenological finding.

In this work, we investigate the form factors of the transitions $B_{(s)}\to D_0^{*}(2300),D_{s0}^{*}(2317)$, $D_{s1}(2460)$, and $D_{s1}(2536)$ in the covariant light-front quark model (CLFQM), where these final states are considered as P-wave excited charmed mesons. In order to obtain the form factors for the physical transition processes, we extend these form factors from the spacelike region to the timelike region. The $q^2$-dependence for each transition form factor is also plotted. Then, combined with those form factors, the branching ratios of the two-body nonleptonic decays $B_{(s)}\to D_{(s)0}^{*}(2300,2317)M$, $D_{s1}(2460,2536)M$ with $M$ being a light pseudoscalar (vector) meson or a charmed meson are calculated by considering the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) radiative corrections to the hadronic matrix elements within the QCD factorization approach. Most of our predictions are comparable to the results given by other theoretical approaches and the present available data.

Current and future accelerator neutrino oscillation experiments require an improved understanding of nuclear effects in neutrino-nucleus interactions. One important systematic uncertainty is introduced by the collective impact of nuclear effects which bias the reconstruction of the neutrino energy, such as the nuclear removal energy. In this manuscript, we introduce a novel observable for accelerator neutrino oscillation experiments, the visible longitudinal momentum imbalance, reconstructed in charged-current quasielastic interactions from the outgoing charged lepton and nucleon. We demonstrate it to be minimally dependent on the neutrino energy and sensitive to sources of bias in neutrino energy reconstruction. Furthermore, we show how the use of the longitudinal imbalance in antineutrino interactions in a target containing hydrogen allows for an improved, high-purity selection of the interactions on hydrogen. This approach offers the potential for precise measurements of the nuclear axial vector form factor as well as of the antineutrino flux.

Within the framework of the Faddeev formalism in configuration space, we investigate bound states in the $\varphi NN$ system with total isospin $T=0$ and $T=1$. The recently proposed lattice HAL QCD $\varphi N$ potential in the ${{}^{4}S}_{3/2}$ channel does not support either $\varphi N$ or $\varphi NN$ bound states. The HAL QCD $\varphi N$ potential in the ${{}^{2}S}_{1/2}$ channel suggests the bound states for $\varphi N$ and $\varphi NN(S=0)$ systems. However, the binding energies are highly sensitive to variations of the enhancement factor $\beta$, and the $\varphi NN$ system is extremely strongly bound in the state $S=0$. Considering a spin-averaged potential for the state $S=1$ yields a bound state for the ${}_{\varphi }{}^3\mathrm{H}$ ($S=1$) hypernucleus with the binding energy (BE) 14.9 MeV when $\beta =6.9$. The evaluation of the BE for the $S=1$, $T=1$ three-body state results in 5.47 MeV. Additionally, calculations using our approach confirm the bound states for the $\varphi NN$ ($S=2$, $T=0$ and $S=1$, $T=1$) system previously predicted with the Yukawa-type potential motivated by the QCD van der Waals attractive force, mediated by multigluon exchanges.

We study various aspects of capacity of entanglement in the squeezed states of a scalar field theory. This quantity is a quantum informational counterpart of heat capacity and characterizes the width of the eigenvalue spectrum of the reduced density matrix. In particular, we carefully examine the dependence of capacity of entanglement and its universal terms on the squeezing parameter in the specific regimes of the parameter space. Remarkably, we find that the capacity of entanglement obeys a volume law in the large squeezing limit. We discuss how these results are consistent with the behavior of other entanglement measures including entanglement and Renyi entropies. We also comment on the existence of consistent holographic duals for a family of Gaussian states with generic squeezing parameter based on the ratio of entanglement entropy and the capacity of entanglement.