Angular distributions are reported for 0.8 GeV proton elastic scattering from ${}_{}{}^{13}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ and ${}_{}{}^{14}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{N}$. Included are differential cross sections for p${+}^{13}$C carried out to large momentum transfer (5 ${\mathrm{fm}}^{\mathrm{-}1}$) using a highly enriched target (99%), and differential cross sections and analyzing powers for ${\mathrm{p}+\mathrm{}}^{14}$N using a gas target. Spherical Woods-Saxon optical potentials are obtained from chi-squared searches on these data and are compared to the potential obtained from fitting existing ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ data.

Angular distributions of cross section and analyzing power were measured for the ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$(p→,γ) ${\mathrm{}}^4$He reaction at $E_{\mathrm{p}=9.0\mathrm{}}$ MeV. A transition matrix element analysis including E1 and E2 terms showed the triplet electric quadrupole ${(}^3$${\mathrm{D}}_2$) amplitude to be larger than predicted by shell model or direct capture calculations. It is shown that the inclusion of M2 terms in the T-matrix element analysis does not reduce the ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{D}_2^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ amplitude, but that the inclusion of E3 terms does.

In inelastic electron scattering, form factors are measured for the 1.115 MeV level ($J^{\pi }$${=(5/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$) in ${}_{}{}^{65}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$. This transition from the ground state ($J^{\pi }$${=(3/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$) is predominantly longitudinal, with B(E2,k)↑ =290±20 $e^2$${\mathrm{fm}}^4$. In the framework of a model calculation, the M1 strength is deduced to be B(M1,k)↑=0.12±0.03${\mu }_{\mathrm{N}}$ 2 [${\Gamma }_{\gamma }$(M1)=1.3±0.4 meV].

The ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}$,13C${(}^{20}$Ne,α) reactions were measured at E=140.2 MeV in order to search for a direct ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{transfer}$ process. In the reaction with the ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ target, prominent broad peaks were observed, while the spectrum with the ${}_{}{}^{13}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ target shows a smooth continuum with much smaller structures in the high excitation region. Kinematics of the structures in the ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$,α) reaction demonstrates that most of them do not arise from a large cluster transfer, but rather they originate from a sequential ejectile decay.

We study the off-shell behavior of the nucleon-nucleon interactions by means of the Paris potential, a separable representation thereof, and a purely phenomenological separable potential. Deuteron bound-state as well as scattering wave functions are considered. Essential features with respect to elastic electron-deuteron and nucleon-deuteron scattering are discussed. We find that some recently measured polarization observables of these processes dismiss certain off-shell behaviors encountered, for instance, in various phenomenological separable potentials.

Analytic forms of heavy-ion potentials are obtained both for spherical and deformed systems, starting from a proximity version of the folding potential. Comparison with exact folding calculations for spherical systems shows excellent agreement.

We contrast two calculations of the charge density difference of ${}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ and ${}_{}{}^{205}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tl}$. In the simplest model this difference in charge density is due to the occupation of an additional 3$s_{1/2}$ orbital in ${}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$. A standard mean-field calculation of the charge difference does not yield a satisfactory result. One may modify this result by assigning the 3$s_{1/2}$ orbital an occupation probability of seventy percent, with a corresponding increase to thirty percent of the occupation probability of a 2$d_{3/2}$ orbital. However, this modification of the mean-field analysis, while solving one problem, is seen to create a new problem in the fit to the data. In this work we present an alternative analysis: We maintain unit occupation probability for the 3$s_{1/2}$ orbital but use the medium-modified proton electromagnetic form factor we have calculated previously. Our model is able to give a better fit to the data without the introduction of free parameters into the analysis. Medium-modified form factors have recently been shown to be effective in explaining the charge distribution of ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ and their application to the interpretation of the ${}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{-}_{}^{205}{}_{}{}^{}$Tl charge density difference yields a result which is consistent with the experimental data and superior to that obtained in the adjusted mean-field analysis described above.

We find that the real part of the optical potential for the ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}$O${+\mathrm{}}^{28}$Si system extracted from the elastic scattering data in the 55–215 MeV laboratory energy range undergoes a transition from a Brueckner to a folding-type shape. These changes agree with the theoretically expected reduction in the effects of the Pauli principle with increasing incident energy and suggest that reference potentials incorporating these effects could be an improved starting point to perform an optical model analysis of low energy scattering data.

The total and differential cross sections σ(${\nu }_{\mu }$+${}^{13}$C${\to }^{13}$N g.s.+${\mu }^{\mathrm{-}}$) and dσ/dΩ(${\nu }_{\mu }$${+}^{13}$C${\to }^{13}$N g.s.+${\mu }^{\mathrm{-}}$) are calculated from threshold to $E_{\nu }$=260 MeV. The dependence of the cross section on the axial current form factor $F_A$($q^2$) is obtained for a range of assumptions. The dependence of the cross section on the pseudoscalar form factor is found to be negligible.

It is shown that with the inclusion of fission following incomplete fusion in addition to the normal equilibrium fission following compound nucleus formation and the recently proposed pre-equilibrium fission, one can understand in a quantitative way the host of apparently anomalous fragment angular distributions measured in a number of heavy ion induced fission reactions involving the highly fissile actinides as one of the collision partners.

The E4 form factor for inelastic electron scattering to the first $4^{+}$ state of ${}_{}{}^{32}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{S}$ predicted from a systematic shell-model treatment of $0^{+}$→$4^{+}$ transitions in the A=18–38 region is found to be in excellent agreement with experiment. This shell-model prediction is quite different from recent deformed Hartree-Fock predictions for the same transition. Corresponding predictions for other doubly-even nuclei in the 0d,1s shell are also presented and discussed.

Realistic NN potentials like the Paris and the Bonn potential give different results for peripheral α-α phase shifts at low energy, with resulting consequences for the polarization of α particles. To study the hadronic α-α interaction in more detail, we have considered the Coulomb corrections to the phase shifts and compared them with model-independent predictions.

The description of β-γ (circular polarization) correlations in the allowed decay of unoriented nuclei is extended to include possible right-handed currents within a partity symmetric model of weak interactions assuming manifest symmetry and essentially massless Dirac neutrinos. The result is of sensitivity generally equal to that of β polarization and asymmetry determinations. Present experiments are, however, insufficiently precise to permit the extraction of new information on their existence.

Qualitative arguments are used to estiamte the ratio of excitation energies between heavy and light fragments for asymmetric heavy-ion collisions. The value of this quantity is linked to the relative role played by inelastic and transfer degrees of freedom and thereby to an approximate function of the total kinetic energy loss. A numerical analysis that confirms the trends anticipated by the simple arguments is performed for the reactions ${}_{}{}^{56}{}_{}{}^{}$Fe${+\mathrm{}}^{238}$U and ${}_{}{}^{86}{}_{}{}^{}$Kr${+\mathrm{}}^{208}$Pb at bombarding energies in the laboratory of 476 and 1565 MeV, respectively.

By using the analytical superasymmetric fission model it is shown that all ‘‘stable’’ nuclei lighter than lead with Z>40 are metastable relative to the spontaneous emission of nuclear clusters. An even-odd effect is included in the zero point vibration energy. Half-lives in the range ${10}^{40}$–${10}^{50}$ s are obtained for Z>62. The region of metastability against these new decay modes is extended beyond that for α decay and in some cases, in the competing region, the emission rates for nuclear clusters are larger than for α decay.

We show that the density variation in the region of the diffuse surface of the target nucleus has a substantial effect on the motion of a soliton formed in a nuclear reaction.

We give a simple and transparent derivation of a result obtained recently by Kim, Udagawa, and Tamura for the loss of flux occurring in the coupled-channels scattering problem when a complex potential is used. The loss of flux, or absorption cross section, consists of three components: absorption from the elastic channel, absorption from the nonelastic channels, and absorption occurring during the elastic-nonelastic transitions. Some discussion is given of these results and their application to fusion reactions.

The suggestion by Mordechai and Fortune, that the 8.95 MeV level in ${}_{}{}^{19}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{F}$ is the ‘‘missing’’ ${\mathrm{}(11/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$ member of the $K^{\pi }$${=(1/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$ band, is not acceptable when account is taken of the intraband γ-ray transition rates. The experimental evidence suggests that there is no single ${\mathrm{}(11/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$ state with a pure $p^{\mathrm{-}1}$(sd${)}^4$ configuration, but rather that configuration mixing takes place.

Whatever may be the gamma-decaying properties at the ${\mathrm{}(11/2)\mathrm{}}^{\mathrm{-}}$ states in ${}_{}{}^{19}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{F}$, it is the state of 8.95 MeV that has the preponderance (≳76%) of the ${}_{}{}^{15}{}_{}{}^{}$N⊗α spectroscopic strength.

Elastic cross sections have been measured for the scattering of ${\pi }^{+}$ and ${\pi }^{\mathrm{-}}$ from ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$ at 114 MeV in the angular range of 115° to 175° (c.m.). Large cross sections and large ${\pi }^{+}$/${\pi }^{\mathrm{-}}$ differences have been observed beyond 140° (c.m.). First-order optical model calculations fail to reproduce the large-angle data. Second-order effects generally improve the fits, but the details of the present data together with the results of earlier measurements at smaller angles have not been satisfactorily explained.