Measured total and differential cross sections for deuteron photodisintegration at energies from 20 to 440 MeV are compared to a phenomenological function. The function attempts to represent the coefficients for a Legendre expansion of the differential cross section. The comparison is made by varying parameters in the function to obtain a best fit, in both energy and angle, to the data. The normalization of each data set is allowed to vary according to the quoted systematic error except for data from experiments with bremsstrahlung beams for which the normalization is allowed to vary freely. The analysis included 1615 data from 210 data sets. Measurements of the inverse capture reaction are included by using detailed balance. After rejecting inconsistent data points, we obtain a ${\mathrm{\chi }}_{\mathrm{red}}^2$ of 2.0, which indicates the level of consistency in the database and the agreement between the function and the data. The phenomenological function is used as a representation of the data for comparison to a theoretical model.

Lifetimes of states in four of the oblate dipole bands in ${}_{}{}^{197,198}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ have been measured with the recoil distance technique. Using all the available data on lifetimes and branching ratios, and assuming pure magnetic dipole transitions, we deduce transition probabilities. The results are consistent with weakly oblate collective structures involving high-K proton configurations coupled to rotationally aligned neutrons. Comparsions are made to the theoretical estimates of the Dönau and Frauendorf semi-classical model and the tilted axis cranking (TAC) model.

The high spin levels in ${}_{}{}^{84}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sr}$ have been populated through the ${}_{}{}^{59}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Co}$${(}^{28}$Si, 3p) reaction using 98 MeV ${}_{}{}^{28}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Si}$ beam. A regular band structure was found to develop above the ${12}^{+}$ state with a deformation parameter β=0.21±0.04 and γ=8°±6°. The projected Hartree-Fock calculations predict a two proton and two neutron aligned configuration for this band. The predicted quadrupole moment for this configuration is also in good agreement with the experimental values obtained from the lifetime measurements. In addition, a large enhancement in B(M1)/B(E2) transition rates has been observed in the negative parity band above the ${11}^{\mathrm{-}}$ state.

The (p,nγ) reaction studies on ${}_{}{}^{119}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sn}$ have been carried out at ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathit{p}}$=4.529–5.553 MeV. Deexcited states of ${}_{}{}^{119}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sb}$ have been studied from γ-ray spectroscopy. Cross sections of the individual states of ${}_{}{}^{119}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sb}$ have been measured and compared with Hauser-Feshbach calculations. The $0^{+}$ analogue state of ${}_{}{}^{120}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sb}$ has been observed from the (p,n) reaction of proton energies ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathit{p}}$=4.529–4.758 MeV. A number of residual states in ${}_{}{}^{119}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sb}$ populated predominantly by the emission of neutrons from the $0^{+}$ analogue state have been identified. The resonance parameters of the analogue state have been determined.

A simple five-body cluster orbital shell model approximation is proposed to describe the ground state wave function of the ${}_{}{}^8{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ neutron-halo nucleus. The spatial angular correlations, the geometry of the system, the α-particle, and the valence neutron momentum distribution are calculated analytically. With a single free parameter the model is able to reproduce the experimental geometry of ${}_{}{}^8{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ as well as the experimental transverse momentum distribution of the ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ nucleus from ${}_{}{}^8{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ fragmentation on a carbon target, at high energy.

Reaction cross sections for ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$, ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$, and ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ are calculated from optical potentials in the folding-model approach for alpha particles in the energy region 80–170 MeV. The values obtained are systematically higher than the experimental values.

Recent theoretical work has been devoted to investigating the way in which the breakup of neutron-rich nuclei such as ${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$ should affect the probabilities for fusion at energies close to the Coulomb barrier. We critically analyze the role of this channel in the tunneling process and show how one can come to conclusions that differ radically from the ones presented so far in the literature.

The claim made in a recent Letter that neutrons and protons in the ground states of deformed nuclei rotate in opposite directions is based on an artifact arising from using the angular momentum defined relative to the laboratory frame rather than relative to the center-of-mass frame. This can be demonstrated already for a simple two-body system such as a diatomic molecule.

Using a fully self-consistent quantum statistical model, we demonstrate the possibility of Bose condensation of nuclei in heavy ion collisions. The most favorable conditions of high densities and low temperatures are usually associated with astrophysical processes and may be difficult to achieve in heavy ion collisions. Nonetheless, some suggestions for the possible experimental verification of the existence of this phenomenon are made.

As part of an experimental study of the πNN system, the pion absorption reaction, ${\mathrm{\pi }}^{+}$d→→pp, is investigated at low energy. Angular distributions of the vector analyzing power, ${\mathit{iT}}_{11}$, are presented for six complementary angle pair coincidences at 65 MeV and five pairs at 25 MeV. There is good agreement with previous measurements, and a significant improvement in uncertainties has been achieved. Results are compared with theoretical predictions based on three different approaches. The best agreement is with a relativistic Faddeev calculation by the Lyon group. Calculations based on the partial wave solutions of Arndt et al. are compared with the data at both energies.

The coupled Faddeev equations for three nonidentical particles in three-dimensional space interacting via different harmonic-oscillator two-body potentials are solved analytically for any excitation and for an arbitrary value of the total angular momentum.

A deformed Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (DGOE) which interpolates between the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble and a Poissonian ensemble is constructed. This ensemble is applied to the analysis of the chaotic properties of the low lying collective states of nuclei described by the interacting boson model (IBM). This model undergoes a transition order-chaos-order from the SU(3) limit to the O(6) limit. It is shown that the quantum fluctuations of the IBM Hamiltonian follow the behavior predicted by the DGOE when one goes from one limit to the other.

The relativistic nuclear mean field model with derivative scalar coupling suggested by Zimanyi and Moszkowski is extended to asymmetric nuclear matter by including the ρ meson degree of freedom in the Lagrangian. The extended model is then used to studying the Coulomb instability of asymmetric nuclear matter at finite temperature. The critical temperature for the liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter and its dependence on the asymmetry parameter are calculated. The limiting temperature ${\mathit{T}}_{\lim }$, which reflects Coulomb instability of hot nuclei is studied. The calculated results are compared with those given by quantum hadrodynamics (QHD) models.

Few-nucleon forces are considered from the point of view of effective chiral Lagrangians. It is argued that such forces naturally arise at the same order in chiral perturbation theory as some important features of the two-nucleon force. In particular, the leading few-nucleon forces cancel against the leading recoil correction in the iteration of the two-body potential. The remaining three-body potential is presented in momentum and coordinate spaces. It is dominated by contributions of the delta isobar of (i) two-pion range, which are not new, and (ii) shorter range, which involve an undetermined parameter.

Deuteron properties are studied using the one-pion exchange potential truncated at a radius R, with a constant interior potential. The spectrum of bound states and their properties are put in evidence. We discuss the relation of this model to more realistic models of the nucleon-nucleon interaction.

We present an updated version (Nijm93) of the Nijmegen soft-core potential, which gives a much better description of the np data than the older version (Nijm78). The ${\mathrm{\chi }}^2$ per datum is 1.87. The configuration-space and momentum-space versions of this potential are exactly equivalent, a unique feature among meson-theoretical potentials. We also present three new NN potential models: a nonlocal Reid-like Nijmegen potential (Nijm I), a local version (Nijm II), and an updated regularized version (Reid 93) of the Reid soft-core potential. These three potentials all have a nearly optimal ${\mathrm{\chi }}^2$ per datum and can therefore be considered as alternative partial-wave analyses. All potentials contain the proper charge-dependent one-pion-exchange tail.

The γ spectrum following the α decay of ${}_{}{}^{236}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pu}$ has been reinvestigated with a high-resolution HPGe detector. Accurate energies and intensities are reported for 26 γ transitions, of which 20 were observed for the first time. A decay scheme is constructed using the Ritz combination principle, γγ coincidence data, and previously known data from nuclear reactions and ${\mathrm{from}}^{232}$Pa ${\mathrm{\beta }}^{\mathrm{-}}$ decay. We observe feeding of the ground-state rotational band up to spin 8, the β vibrational band to spin 4, the K=0 octupole vibrational band to spin 5, and the bandhead of the γ vibrational band. New states of ${}_{}{}^{232}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$ at 927.3 and 967.7 keV, populated with low α-decay hindrance factors, are assigned as members of a second-excited ${\mathit{K}}^{\mathrm{\pi }}$=$0^{+}$ band. The ratio of E1/E2 transitions in the decay of these states suggests that the E1 transitions to members of the K=0 octupole band may be rather fast (≊${10}^{\mathrm{-}3}$ Weisskopf units). Systematics of hindrance factors for α decay to vibrational states are presented.

In parallel experiments angular distributions of the differential cross sections and vector analyzing powers have been measured for the (d→${,}^3$He) reactions on ${}_{}{}^{204}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Hg}$ and ${}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ at an incident deuteron energy of 79.1 MeV. The Q values for the reaction on ${}_{}{}^{204}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Hg}$ and a ${}_{}{}^{202}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Hg}$ contaminant were determined as -3340.9(3.4) keV and -2738.8(3.5) keV, respectively. Spectroscopic factors on ${}_{}{}^{204}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Hg}$ and ${}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ were obtained through a consistent distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) analysis. A combined evaluation of relative spectroscopic factors and electron scattering (CERES) yields 3s-proton occupancies in ${}_{}{}^{204}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Hg}$ and ${}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$. The latter is compatible with an earlier CERES result based on the more accurately known ${}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}–_{}^{205}{}_{}{}^{}$Tl charge density difference. Substantial deviations from shell-model occupancies are observed.