Experimental data from the ${}_{}{}^{165}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ho}$(d,p${)}^{166}$Ho reaction were analyzed using the distorted-wave Born approximation formalism and Nilsson model wave functions with Coriolis mixing. It is concluded that the ${\mathit{K}}^{\mathrm{\pi }}$=$1^{+}$ bands at 426 and 568 keV in ${}_{}{}^{166}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ho}$ have the 7/$2^{\mathrm{-}}$[523${]}_{\mathrm{\pi }}$-5/$2^{\mathrm{-}}$[512${]}_{\nu }$ and the 7/$2^{\mathrm{-}}$[523${]}_{\mathrm{\pi }}$-5/$2^{\mathrm{-}}$[523${]}_{\nu }$ two-quasiparticle configurations, respectively. These assignments interchange the ones currently adopted for these two bands, but are in agreement with phenomenological and theoretical predictions. In addition, the (d,p) data suggest a tentative 7/$2^{\mathrm{-}}$[523${]}_{\mathrm{\pi }}$-1/$2^{\mathrm{-}}$[510${]}_{\nu }$ assignment for the ${\mathit{K}}^{\mathrm{\pi }}$=$3^{+}$ band based at 814 keV in ${}_{}{}^{166}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ho}$.

A study of the ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$${(}^{20}$Ne${,}^{12}$${\mathrm{C}}^{16}$O${)}^4$He reaction has revealed ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$${+}^{12}$C breakup from states in ${}_{}{}^{28}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Si}$. These states may correspond to highly deformed shape isomeric configurations.

It is shown that hypernuclei are produced in the quasifree region of the ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$(${\mathrm{\pi }}^{+}$,${\mathit{K}}^{+}$${)}_{\mathrm{\Lambda }}^{12}$C reaction where a free Λ is expected to be knocked out from a nucleus. The production ratio, which gives the Λ-nucleon cross section in a nucleus, was derived as a function of excitation energy of ${}_{\mathrm{\Lambda }}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$. It is shown that the Λ-nucleon cross section in the nucleus has to be modified by both Pauli blocking and Fermi averaging to reproduce the observed ratio.

Transport calculations based on the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) equation predict the formation of toroidal density distributions for central ${}_{}{}^{36}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ar}$${+}^{45}$Sc collisions at E/A=80 MeV. Calculations with the Koonin-Pratt formalism are performed to explore whether the occurrence of such nonspherical breakup configurations could be tested via two-proton correlation measurements. The predicted signal appears detectable, but weak, because most protons emerge early in the reaction when the source is more compact. Contributions from nonzero impact parameters give rise to additional complications.

We derive the constraints on the solutions of the classical SU(2) Skyrme model imposed by requiring that angular momentum (J) and isospin (I) be well defined under the general symmetry (${\mathit{aI}}_3$+${\mathit{bJ}}_3$). We show that for all nontrivial solutions (${\mathit{aI}}_3$+${\mathit{bJ}}_3$) must be 0, a/b must be an integer, and for b≠0 the profile function must be of the form F(r)=F((1-${\mathit{A}}^2$${)}^{1/2}$z^+A {x^cos[(a/b)φ+B]+y^sin[(a/b)φ+B})(x^,y^,z^ are Cartesian unit vectors; r,θ,φ are the usual spherical polar coordinates; F, A, B are undetermined functions of r,θ).

We study nuclear shadowing in J/ψ and Υ production in hadron-nucleus interactions and in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider. As a consequence of the perturbative ${\mathit{Q}}^2$ dependence of gluon shadowing, we predict that Υ production is less suppressed than the J/ψ. We show that antishadowing leads to enhanced J/ψ production at ${\mathit{x}}_{\mathit{f}}$≲0, an effect reduced for Υ production.

In Hartree-Fock calcualtions using nonrelativistic and relativistic models we see a change in sign from positive to negative of the hexadecapole moment with mass number around A=170. Analysis of Hartree-Fock orbitals shows that a group of neutron orbits with large negative hexadecapole moments occur together at the Fermi surface near N=100 and are responsible for the shape change.

The double-beta decay of ${}_{}{}^{100}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}$ to the ground state and excited states of ${}_{}{}^{100}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ru}$ is analyzed in the context of the pseudo-SU(3) scheme. This deformed limit is compared with the vibrational one based on the quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA) formalism. Consistency between the deformed limit and the experimental information is found for various ββ transitions, although, in this approximation some energies and B(E2) intensities cannot be reproduced.

The Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model, an effective low-energy model of QCD, is extended to the next to the leading order in the 1/${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{c}}$ expansion at finite temperature and density. The contributions to the quark self-energy and the constituent quark mass from the meson dressing are considered in a perturbative approach about the mean field. In particular, the temperature dependence of the quark mass is shown numerically at zero chemical potential. The correction to the quark mass from the meson dressing amounts to 20% compared to the result of the leading order at low temperature, and rapidly approaches zero at high temperature.

The self-energies of Δ isobars propagating in nuclear matter are calculated using the finite-density QCD sum-rule methods. The calculations show that the Lorentz vector self-energy for the Δ is significantly smaller than the nucleon vector self-energy. The magnitude of the Δ scalar self-energy is larger than the corresponding value for the nucleon, which suggests a strong attractive net self-energy for the Δ; however, the prediction for the scalar self-energy is very sensitive to the density dependence of certain in-medium four-quark condensate. Phenomenological implications for the couplings of the Δ to the nuclear scalar and vector fields are briefly discussed.

Threshold expansions of the KK¯ and ππ spin-0 isospin-0 scattering amplitudes are performed. Scattering lengths, effective ranges, and so-called volume parameters are evaluated in both channels. It is shown that the M-matrix expansion near the KK¯ threshold has a larger convergence radius than the usually used effective-range expansion. The importance of future accurate measurements of the KK¯-threshold parameters is stressed.

Two specific examples of electromagnetic transitions are used to demonstrate the ability of the macroscopic potentials determined from an iterative-perturbative inversion to reproduce the results of the microscopic resonating-group method (RGM). Phase shifts and bound state energies from a single-configuration microscopic resonating-group method calculation for ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$+α have been used to construct a potential model for the ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$(α,γ${)}^7$Be electric-dipole capture reaction. With this potential model the astrophysical S factor at zero energy deviates from the resonating-group method result by just 3%. A potential model for the α+α bremsstrahlung cross section, similarly constructed from α+α resonating-group phase shifts, gives good agreement with the RGM cross section.

An experiment using the Eurogam phase II γ-ray spectrometer confirms the existence of an excited superdeformed (SD) band in ${}_{}{}^{190}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Hg}$ and its very unusual decay into the lowest SD band over 3–4 transitions. The energies of the transitions linking the two SD bands have been firmly established, and their angular distributions are consistent with a dipole character. Comparisons with calculations using random-phase approximation indicate that the excited SD band can be interpreted as an octupole-vibrational structure.

We find that in contrast to the large orbiting yield seen in ${}_{}{}^{28}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Si}$${+}^{12}$C, ${}_{}{}^{24}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}$${+}^{16}$O, ${}_{}{}^{24}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}$${+}^{12}$C, and ${}_{}{}^{20}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$${+}^{12}$C reactions, the back-angle, strongly damped binary yields from ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$${+}^{27}$Al and ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$${+}^{40}$Ca reactions are in agreement with the predictions of statistical compound nuclear reaction. These results disagree with the observation from heavy-ion reaction systematics that the orbiting yield will dominate whenever the number of open channels is small, and suggest that the weak absorption and surface transparency of nucleus-nucleus interaction are not sufficient conditions for the dominance of orbiting in back-angle, strongly damped reaction.

For the first time, two excited superdeformed (SD) bands have been observed in the double closed shell superdeformed nucleus ${}_{}{}^{192}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Hg}$. One of the SD bands exhibits a pronounced peak in the dynamic moment of inertia which is interpreted as a crossing between two excited SD configurations involving the N=7 intruder and the [512]5/2 orbitals. This is only the second occurrence of such a crossing in a SD nucleus around A=190. The second excited SD band has near identical transition energies to an excited SD band in ${}_{}{}^{191}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Hg}$.

We report the measurement of the differential cross section for ${}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$(${\mathrm{\pi }}^{\mathrm{-}}$,${\mathrm{\pi }}^0$) for laboratory angles 0°–145°, at incident pion energies of 164, 263, and 371 MeV. A Faddeev calculation at 164 MeV incorporating Pauli-blocking and multiple-scattering effects describes those data well. At the two higher energies the ${}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$(${\mathrm{\pi }}^{\mathrm{-}}$,${\mathrm{\pi }}^0$) cross section is essentially identical to the ${}_{}{}^1{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$(${\mathrm{\pi }}^{\mathrm{-}}$,${\mathrm{\pi }}^0$) cross section, except at forward angles where the former is suppressed by the Pauli principle. This experiment was the first to make use of a major component of the Neutral Meson Spectrometer at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Recently measured ${\mathit{Q}}^2$ and A dependences of nuclear transparency (T) in e,${\mathit{e}}^{\mathcal{’}}$p interactions are in agreement with theoretical predictions based on a Glauber theory which incorporates the internucleon spatial correlations.

Within a field-theoretical model containing the nucleon N and the pion π as well as the baryons and mesons Δ, ρ, ω, ε as the leading ππ and πN resonances, a nonperturbative, relativistic calculation of the form factors of the strong meson-baryon interactions is presented. We introduce a ‘‘physical self-consistent regularization’’ which leads to a parameter free and nonperturbative determination of the form factors within a one-loop-ladder approximation. The results support monopole parameters in the range Λ=0.5–0.9 GeV for π, ε, ρ, and ω NN interactions. The method allows a consistent description of the one- and two-nucleon problem.

We present calculated proton spectra for the kinematically incomplete neutron-deuteron breakup reaction using a realistic nucleon-nucleon potential (Bonn B) and the Tuscon-Melbourne three-nucleon force. We found that the three-nucleon force influences the high-energy part of the proton energy spectrum. The size of the effect depends on the cutoff parameter ${\mathrm{\Lambda }}_{\mathrm{\pi }}$ of the πNN form factor and diminishes with increasing energy. The Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon force with ${\mathrm{\Lambda }}_{\mathrm{\pi }}$=5.8 ${\mathit{m}}_{\mathrm{\pi }}$ does not explain the scatter in the values recently obtained for the neutron-neutron scattering length ${\mathit{a}}_{\mathit{n}\mathit{n}}$ from the analysis of published proton energy spectra using a realistic two-nucleon force only, but it reduces considerably the large discrepancy between the ${\mathit{a}}_{\mathit{n}\mathit{n}}$ values obtained from kinematically incomplete nd breakup experiments and the ${\mathrm{\pi }}^{\mathrm{-}}$d capture reaction.