Total (complete+incomplete) fusion excitation functions of ${}^{6,7}\mathrm{Li}$ on ${}^{59}\mathrm{Co}$ and ${}^{209}\mathrm{Bi}$ targets around the Coulomb barrier are obtained using a new continuum discretized coupled channel method of calculating fusion. The relative importance of breakup and bound-state structure effects on total fusion is particularly investigated. The effect of breakup on fusion can be observed in the total fusion excitation function. The breakup enhances the total fusion at energies just around the barrier, whereas it hardly affects the total fusion at energies well above the barrier. The difference between the experimental total fusion cross sections for ${}^{6,7}\mathrm{Li}$ on ${}^{59}\mathrm{Co}$ is notably caused by breakup, but this is not the case for the ${}^{209}\mathrm{Bi}$ target.

We present $S$ factor data obtained from the Coulomb dissociation of $83\text{MeV}∕\text{nucleon}$ ${}^8\mathrm{B}$, and analyze ${}^7\mathrm{Be}$ longitudinal momentum distributions measured at 44 and $81\text{MeV}∕\text{nucleon}$ using a potential model, first-order perturbation theory, and dynamical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Comparing our results with independent continuum-discretized coupled channels calculations, we study the reaction model and beam energy dependence of the $E2$ contribution to the dissociation cross section. By fitting radiative capture and Coulomb breakup data taken below relative energies of $400\text{keV}$ with potential models constrained by ${}^7\mathrm{Li}+n$ and ${}^7\mathrm{Be}+p$ elastic scattering data, we examine the mutual consistency of recent ${\mathit{S}}_{17}$ measurements and obtain a recommended value for $S_{17}\left(0\right)$ of $18.6\pm 0.4$ (experimental) $\pm 1.1$ (extrapolation) eV b $\left(1\sigma \right)$. This result is in good agreement with recent experimental determinations of the asymptotic normalization coefficient of the valence proton wave function in ${}^8\mathrm{B}$.

In fusion with heavy, statically deformed nuclei, coupling from the ground state up the rotational band has been shown to result in fusion cross sections equivalent to those calculated treating the effect of deformation semiclassically. Fusion with the ${16}^{+}$ isomer of ${}^{178}\mathrm{Hf}$ might be expected to behave quite differently, due to the high spin and excitation energy of the initial state. It is concluded that such a measurement might most favorably be carried out with an ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$ projectile. To determine the energy and angular range for possible future measurements on an isomeric target, measurements have been made for the reaction ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}+{}^{\text{178}}\mathrm{Hf}$ (g.s.) of evaporation residue angular distributions, and of fusion cross sections from 0.1 to $700\text{mb}$.

Parity-nonconserving two-body currents due to vector meson exchange are considered with the aim of determining the related contributions to the anapole moment. Particular attention is given to the requirement of current conservation which is essential for a reliable estimate of this quantity. An application is made to the deuteron case.

The properties of secondary minima with high or super deformations in Ni, Cu and Zn isotopes near $\beta$ stability are investigated in the relativistic mean-field theory. The stability of the secondary minima against proton and neutron emissions is revealed for these nuclei. The proton emission may possibly occur at secondary minima in Cu isotopes with $A⩽61$ for the predicted large emission energy. A more possible candidate for proton emission is predicted to be ${}^{59}\mathrm{Zn}$ due to its very large emission energy.

In this paper we study the number of angular momentum $I$ states for both fermions and bosons. Suppose that $n$ is the particle number, $\mathcal{M}=I_{\mathit{max}}-I$, and that $J$ refers to the angular momentum of a single-particle orbit for fermions or the spin $L$ carried by bosons. We prove that the number of states is independent of $J$ if $\mathcal{M}⩽(2J-n+1)$ for fermions and $\mathcal{M}⩽2J$ for bosons, and that the number of $I$ states is independent of both $n$ and $J$ if $\mathcal{M}⩽\min \left(n,2J+1-n\right)$ for fermions and $\mathcal{M}⩽\min \left(n,2J\right)$ for bosons. We also present in this paper empirical formulas for the number of $I$ states of three and four identical fermions or bosons.

$\beta$ decay of the neutron-rich nuclides ${}^{55,56}\mathrm{Ti}$ has been used to populate low-energy levels of ${}^{55,56}\mathrm{V}$, respectively. A half-life of $1.3\pm 0.1\mathrm{s}$ was deduced for ${}^{55}\mathrm{Ti}$, significantly longer than that determined from previous measurements. The $\beta$ decay of ${}^{56}\mathrm{Ti}$ is characterized by a short half-life of $200\pm 5\text{ms}$, with nearly all of the decay directly populating the $1^{+}$ ground state of ${}^{56}\mathrm{V}$. The role of the spin-flip process $\nu f_{5∕2}\to \pi f_{7∕2}$ in defining the $\beta$-decay properties of nuclei near $N=32$, including ${}^{55,56}\mathrm{Ti}$, is discussed.

The feasibility of measuring angular distributions of $\gamma$ rays emitted from intermediate-energy exotic nuclei to determine multipolarities of $\gamma$-ray transitions is shown. Plots of $\gamma$-ray angular distributions for various excitation mechanisms are presented. The influences of the percentage of alignment in an excited state, the beam velocity, the spins of the initial and final states, the minimum impact parameter, the atomic number and mass of the projectile and target, and the excitation energy are discussed. The aim is to illustrate that $\gamma$-ray angular distribution experiments can be succesfully performed with intermediate-energy beams.

Screening effects of electrons on inhomogeneous nuclear matter, which includes spherical, slablike, and rodlike nuclei as well as spherical and rodlike nuclear bubbles, are investigated in view of possible application to cold neutron star matter and supernova matter at subnuclear densities. Using a compressible liquid-drop model incorporating uncertainties in the surface tension, we find that the energy change due to the screening effects broadens the density region in which bubbles and nonspherical nuclei appear in the phase diagram delineating the energetically favorable shape of inhomogeneous nuclear matter. This conclusion is considered to be general since it stems from a model-independent feature that the electron screening acts to decrease the density at which spherical nuclei become unstable against fission and to increase the density at which uniform matter becomes unstable against proton clustering.

The single particle Nilsson as well as Nilsson-Seo-type potentials and the state dependent $\delta$-pairing force are used to calculate nuclear deformations, root-mean square charge radii, quadrupole moments, and masses of rare earth nuclei. The masses are evaluated by means of Strutinsky shell correction method where the macroscopic part of the energy is the recently developed Lublin-Skrasbourg drop model and the microscopic energy is the sum of shell and pairing corrections. The latter is based on the $\delta$-force pairing interaction, the strength of which is adjusted to the three-mass pairing indicators ${\Delta }^{\left(3\right)}$ calculated from the experimental nuclear masses. The results are compared to experimental data and to estimates done in other models. The agreement of our results with the measured data is acceptable. The standard deviation for calculated masses is about $0.8\text{MeV}$. The results show that the state dependent $\delta$-pairing force works similarly as in the monopole pairing models.

We report a measurement of the lifetime of the $2_1^{+}$ state in ${}^{18}\mathrm{Ne}$ using the Doppler shift attenuation method, the ${}^3\mathrm{He}({}^{16}\mathrm{O},n)$ reaction, and large volume germanium $\gamma$-ray detectors of the “clover” design. The present measurement gives a $B(E2;0_{\mathrm{g}.\mathrm{s}.}^{+}\to 2_1^{+})$ value somewhat lower than that obtained in a previous measurement more than 25 years ago made using the same technique but with a smaller volume germanium detector. In addition, we report a semimicroscopic reanalysis of recent ${}^{18}\mathrm{Ne}+{}^{197}\mathrm{Au}$ data on the $0_{\text{g.s.}}^{+}\to 2_1^{+}$ transition in ${}^{18}\mathrm{Ne}$ and compare the $B(E2;0_{\text{g.s.}}^{+}\to 2_1^{+})$ results obtained using the two experimental techniques. The comparison between the two methods demonstrates the need for a basis for setting the imaginary part of the optical model potential in the analysis of the scattering experiment before reliable $B(E2;0_{\text{g.s.}}^{+}\to 2_1^{+})$ values can be extracted by inelastic scattering when nuclear scattering contributions are significant. The optical model potential could be fixed via a detailed elastic scattering measurement.

A relativistic model for the quasifree exclusive photoproduction of $\eta$ mesons on nuclei is extended to include both nonlocal and medium effects. The reaction is assumed to proceed via the dominant contribution of the $S_{11}\left(1535\right)$ resonance. The complicated integrals resulting from the nonlocality are simplified using a modified version of a method given by Cooper and Maxwell. The nonlocality effects are found to affect the magnitude of the cross section. Some possible effects of the medium on the propagation and properties of the intermediate $S_{11}$ resonance are studied. The effects of allowing $S_{11}$ to interact with the medium via mean field scalar and vector potentials are considered. Both broadening of width and reduction in mass of the resonance lead to a suppression of the calculated cross sections.

Corrections to the Born approximation in photoinduced strangeness production off a proton are calculated in a semirealistic microscopic model. The vertex corrections and internal contributions to the amplitude of the $\gamma p\to K^{+}\Lambda$ reaction are included on the one-loop level. Different gauge-invariant phenomenological prescriptions for the modification of the Born contribution via the introduction of form factors and contact terms are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the popular minimal-substitution method of Ohta corresponds to a special limit of the more realistic approach.

The temperature and density dependence of the meson-nucleon vertex form factors is studied in the framework of thermofield dynamics. Results are obtained for two rather different nucleon-nucleon potentials: the usual Bonn potential and the variation with a softer $\pi NN$ form factor, due to Holinde and Thomas. In general, the results show only a modest degree of sensitivity to the choice of interaction.

The nonresonant direct radiative capture (DRC) cross sections of ${}^{11}\mathrm{B}(n,\gamma )$ and ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}(n,\gamma )$ at stellar energies are deduced by means of the asymptotic normalization coefficient (ANC) method. The ANC factors were extracted from the peripheral transfer reactions of ${}^{11}\mathrm{B}(d,p)$ and ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}(d,p)$. The deduced DRC cross sections of ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}(n,\gamma )$ are in good agreement with experimental results of direct measurement. The DRC cross sections of ${}^{11}\mathrm{B}(n,\gamma )$ at low energies are obtained for the first time.

$\alpha$-Particle, conversion-electron, and $\gamma$-ray singles spectra of ${}^{251}\mathrm{Cf}$ sources containing few Bq activities were measured with high-resolution semiconductor detectors. $\alpha \text{−}\gamma$ coincidence and level half-life measurements were also performed. On the basis of these measurements the following single-particle states have been identified in ${}^{247}\mathrm{Cm}$: $9∕2^{-}\left[734\right]$, 0 keV; $5∕2^{+}\left[622\right]$, 227.4 keV; $7∕2^{+}\left[624\right]$, 285.4 keV; $1∕2^{+}\left[620\right]$, 404.9 keV; $1∕2^{+}\left[631\right]$, $518.6\text{keV}$. The measured single-particle energies are in good agreement with energies calculated with a Woods-Saxon single-particle potential. From the measured half-life of the $227.4\text{−}\text{keV}$ level and the $E3$ branching ratio, a $B\left(E3\right)$ value of $5\text{W.u.}$ has been deduced between the $5∕2^{+}\left[622\right]$ and $9∕2^{-}\left[734\right]$ bands. The large $B\left(E3\right)$ value is an indication of octupole mixing in the $227.4\text{−}\text{keV}$ level.

The $q$-deformed harmonic oscillator is revisited in connection with the spectrum of finite range potentials. It is found that the finite series expansion of the canonical variables, the $q$-deformed phase space coordinate and momentum variables, generates a local momentum dependent interaction. It turns out that the resulting spectrum exhibits features of the spectrum of a finite range potential, added to the low-lying harmonic oscillator behavior. Thus, the otherwise unbounded spectrum of the harmonic oscillator behaves, in the $q$-deformed version, as the spectrum of a finite range potential subject to specific boundary conditions.

The yrast $J^{\pi }=8^{+}$ states in neutron-rich ${}^{70,72,74,76}\mathrm{Ni}$ nuclei are predicted to be isomeric. The present paper describes two GANIL experiments. In the first of them a search was made for the $8^{+}$ isomeric states in ${}^{72,74}\mathrm{Ni}$ nuclei via fragmentation of ${}^{76}\mathrm{Ge}$ using the ion $\gamma$-decay correlation technique. Although these states were not observed, limits for their lifetimes were determined. In the second experiment the decay spectroscopy of ${}^{70,72}\mathrm{Co}$ nuclei was performed using fragmentation of a ${}^{86}{\mathrm{Kr}}^{36+}$ beam and the new LISE2000 spectrometer. The $\beta$ delayed $\gamma$ rays from the decay of ${}^{70,72}\mathrm{Co}$ to ${}^{70,72}\mathrm{Ni}$ were observed using the EXOGAM germanium detectors. The half life of ${}^{72}\mathrm{Co}$ was measured to be 62(3) ms and the level sequence of the lowest excited states in ${}^{72}\mathrm{Ni}$ was suggested, with the $2^{+}$ state at $1096\text{keV}$. An attempt to reproduce the level scheme in terms of shell-model calculations was undertaken. The reasons for the disappearance of the $8^{+}$ isomer in ${}^{72}\mathrm{Ni}$ are discussed.

The half-life of the known $I,K^{\pi }=4^{-},4^{-}$ state in ${}^{170}\mathrm{Er}$ has been measured to be $42.8\pm 1.7\text{ns}$. The rotational band built on this isomer was excited inelastically up to spin ${18}^{-}$ by a ${}^{238}\mathrm{U}$ beam at $E_{\mathit{\text{lab}}}=1358\text{MeV}$. A similar band in ${}^{168}\mathrm{Er}$ was extended to spin ${15}^{-}$. The wave function of the isomeric state in ${}^{170}\mathrm{Er}$ has been determined from the measured $\mid g_K-g_R\mid$ values, which were deduced from the intensity ratios of the $\Delta I=1$ to $\Delta I=2$ transitions within the band. The dominant component consists of a two-quasiproton configuration involving the Nilsson orbits $7∕2^{-}\left[523\right]$ and $1∕2^{+}\left[411\right]$. In contrast, the two-quasineutron configuration involving the $7∕2^{+}\left[633\right]$ and $1∕2^{-}\left[521\right]$ Nilsson orbits constitutes the major component for the wave function of the $K^{\pi }=4^{-}$ isomer in ${}^{168}\mathrm{Er}$.

The fusion cross sections of ${}_{}{}^6\mathrm{Li}+{}_{}{}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ system at energies near the barrier have been measured by means of the evaporation residue method and have been calculated in terms of the coupled-channels model, taking into account single and double phonon octupole excitations of ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ and the $3^{+}$ rotational state of ${}^6\mathrm{Li}$. By comparing the experimental results with the theoretical calculations and with the fusion cross section of ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}+{}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$, in which no breakup happens, we conclude that the fusion cross sections of ${}^6\mathrm{Li}+{}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ are suppressed at above-barrier energies due to the effects of ${}^6\mathrm{Li}$ breakup, but below the barrier, the effects of breakup are not clear.