Particle correlation functions from central ${}^{129}\mathrm{Xe}+{}^{197}\mathrm{Au}$ collisions at $50A\mathrm{MeV}$ have been measured with a large area $\text{silicon}\text{‐}\text{strip}∕\mathrm{Cs}\mathrm{I}$ detector array. A new technique of spin determination from particle correlation functions is proposed. Two examples of correlation functions are studied. The spin of the first excited level of ${}^8\mathrm{B}$ at $0.774\mathrm{MeV}$ is determined as $J=1$.

We find a new method to deduce nuclear radii from proton-nucleus elastic scattering data. In this method, a nucleus is viewed as a “black” sphere. A diffraction pattern of protons by this sphere is equivalent to that of the Fraunhofer diffraction by a circular hole of the same radius embedded in a screen. We determine the black sphere radius in such a way as to reproduce the empirical value of the angle of the observed first diffraction peak. It is useful to identify this radius multiplied by $\sqrt{3∕5}$ with the root-mean-square matter radius of the target nucleus. For most stable isotopes of masses heavier than 50, it agrees, within the error bars, with the values that were deduced in previous elaborate analyses from the data obtained at proton incident energies higher than $\sim 800\mathrm{MeV}$.

We study a possible correspondence between the softening of the wobbling mode and the “phase transition” of the one-dimensionally rotating mean field to a three-dimensionally rotating one by comparing the properties of the wobbling mode obtained by the one-dimensional cranking model $+$ random phase approximation with the total Routhian surface obtained by the three-dimensional tilted-axis cranking model. The potential surface for the observed wobbling mode excited on the triaxial superdeformed states in ${}^{163}\mathrm{Lu}$ is also analyzed.

Nucleon recoil polarization observables in $(e,e^{\prime }\vec{p})$ reactions are investigated using a semirelativistic distorted-wave model which includes one- and two-body currents with relativistic corrections. Results for the induced polarization asymmetry are shown for closed-shell nuclei and a comparison with available experimental data for ${}^{12}c$ is provided. A careful analysis of meson-exchange currents shows that they may affect significantly the induced polarization for high missing momentum.

Total cross sections for neutron scattering with energies between 10 and $600\mathrm{MeV}$ and from nine nuclei spanning the mass range from ${}^6\mathrm{Li}\text{to}{}^{238}\mathrm{U}$ have been analyzed using a simple function of three parameters. The values of those parameters with which neutron total cross-section data are replicated vary smoothly with energy and target mass and may themselves be represented by functions of energy and mass.

Double-differential cross sections for light-ion ($p$, $d$, $t$, ${}^3\mathrm{He}$, and $\alpha$) production in silicon, induced by $96\text{MeV}$ neutrons, are reported. Energy spectra are measured at eight laboratory angles from $20°$ to $160°$ in steps of $20°$. Procedures for data taking and data reduction are presented. Deduced energy-differential, angle-differential, and production cross sections are reported. Experimental cross sections are compared to theoretical reaction model calculations and experimental data in the literature.

Isoscaling behavior is investigated using the isotopic and isobaric yields from an equilibrated thermal source which is prepared by the lattice gas model (LGM) for lighter systems with $A=36$. The isoscaling parameters $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are observed to drop with temperature for the LGM with the asymmetric nucleon-nucleon potential. However, the isoscaling parameters do not show a temperature dependence for the LGM with the symmetric nucleon-nucleon potential. The relative neutron or proton density shows a nearly linear relation with the $N∕Z$ (neutron to proton ratio) of the system.

Twenty new $\gamma$ transitions in ${}^{95}\mathrm{Sr}$ were identified from $\gamma \text{−}\gamma \text{−}\gamma$ coincidences in the spontaneous fission of ${}^{252}\mathrm{Cf}$. New bands, based on a previously known isomeric state, $T_{1∕2}=23.6\left(24\right)$ ns, have been built up to a $\left(31∕2^{+}\right)$ state. The states in these bands show a close similarity in transition energies to the ground band of the neighboring ${}^{94}\mathrm{Sr}$, which has a spherical shape. This similarity is interpreted as the weak coupling of the $1g_{7∕2}$ neutron particle to the levels of the ${}_{38}{}^{94}\mathrm{Sr}_{56}$ core.

Multiple band structures in ${}^{179}\mathrm{Au}$ are established from $\gamma$-ray spectroscopic measurements with Gammasphere at the Argonne Fragment Mass Analyzer. The yrast band, based on the $13∕2^{+}$ proton, confirms the predicted drop in excitation energy of the prolate deformed band head as compared to the heavier isotopes. The implications for the prolate energy minimum in odd-mass Au nuclei beyond the neutron $i_{13∕2}$ midshell $(N<102)$ are discussed.

We have measured the parity-violating electroweak asymmetry in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from protons. Significant contributions to this asymmetry could arise from the contributions of strange form factors in the nucleon. The measured asymmetry is $A=-15.05\pm 0.98\left(\mathrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.56\left(\mathrm{syst}\right)\mathrm{ppm}$ at the kinematic point $⟨{\theta }_{\mathrm{lab}}⟩=12.3°$ and $⟨Q^2⟩=0.477{(\mathrm{GeV}∕c)}^2$. Based on these data as well as data on electromagnetic form factors, we extract the linear combination of strange form factors $G_E^s+0.392G_M^s=0.014\pm 0.020\pm 0.010$, where the first error arises from this experiment and the second arises from the electromagnetic form factor data. This paper provides a full description of the special experimental techniques employed for precisely measuring the small asymmetry, including the first use of a strained GaAs crystal and a laser-Compton polarimeter in a fixed target parity-violation experiment.

In a recent paper Moretto et al. [Phys. Rev. C 66, 041601 (2002)] claim that the negative heat capacities presented in our previously published paper [Chomaz, Duflot, and Gulminelli, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3587 (2000)] are “artifacts” coming from the use of periodic boundary conditions in the lattice-gas calculations. We stress in this Comment that this claim is wrong: in Chomaz, Duflot, and Gulminelli we did not use periodic boundary conditions and anyhow the boundary conditions are irrelevant for the statistical ensemble used in Chomaz, Duflot, and Gulminelli. The second claim of Moretto et al. is that, because of the Coulomb repulsion, systems “with $A>60$ should present no anomalous negative heat capacities.” We show that this conclusion is contradicted by exact lattice-gas simulations including Coulomb forces which present negative heat capacities even for $A>200$.

The Clapeyron equation is adequate in describing the properties of any finite Van der Waals–like system, including Ising-Potts models. Coulomb interaction destroys the generality of solutions for finite systems, and the resulting metastability prevents meaningful application of statistical mechanics. The effective closure of unstable channels by high barriers allows for negative heat capacities only for $A<30$.

We explore the ability of the recently established quasilocal density functional theory for describing the isoscalar giant monopole resonance. Within this theory we use the scaling approach and perform constrained calculations for obtaining the cubic and inverse energy weighted moments (sum rules) of the RPA strength. The meaning of the sum rule approach in this case is discussed. Numerical calculations are carried out using Gogny forces and an excellent agreement is found with HF+RPA results previously reported in literature. The nuclear matter compression modulus predicted in our model lies in the range $210–230\mathrm{MeV}$ which agrees with earlier findings. The information provided by the sum rule approach in the case of nuclei near the neutron drip line is also discussed.

Existing measurements of the angular distributions of the ground-state to ground-state transitions of the ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}\left(d,p\right){}^{13}\mathrm{C}$ and ${}^{13}\mathrm{C}\left(p,d\right){}^{12}\mathrm{C}$ neutron-transfer reactions have been analyzed systematically using the Johnson-Soper adiabatic and distorted-wave theories. When using a consistent set of physical inputs the deduced spectroscopic factors are consistent to within $15\%$ for incident deuteron energies from 12 to $60\mathrm{MeV}$. By contrast, original analyses of many of these data quoted spectroscopic factors that differed by up to a factor of 5. The present analysis provides an important reference point from which to assess the requirements of future spectroscopic analyses of transfer reactions measured in inverse kinematics using rare nuclei.

Lifetimes of 30 high-spin levels in ${}^{80}\mathrm{Y}$ were measured using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The high-spin states were populated using the ${}^{54}\mathrm{Fe}({}^{28}\mathrm{Si},pn)$ reaction at $90\mathrm{MeV}$, with a thick $14\mathrm{mg}∕{\mathrm{cm}}^2$ ${}^{54}\mathrm{Fe}$ target used to stop all recoils. Prompt $\gamma –\gamma$ coincidences were detected using a Compton-suppressed Ge array consisting of three Clover detectors and seven single-crystal detectors. Lifetimes were determined from experimental line shapes measured at both $35°$ and $145°$ whenever possible. Transition quadrupole moments $Q_t$ inferred from the lifetimes in the lowest positive- and negative-parity bands are large $(>3e\mathrm{b})$ at low spin, but show a rather abrupt decrease at high spin. Results of calculations using the projected shell and cranked Woods-Saxon models in conjunction with the cranked-shell model suggest that these drops in $Q_t$ are due to quasiparticle alignment, which introduce shape changes in each band from nearly prolate below the alignment to triaxial above. Magnetic dipole transition strengths $B\left(M1\right)$ in the yrast positive-parity band show a strong alternating pattern with spin, similar to that observed in other neighboring odd-odd nuclei.

Kopeliovich’s suggestion [Phys. Rev. C 68, 044906 (2003)] to perform nuclear geometry (Glauber) calculations using different cross sections according to the experimental configuration is quite different from the standard practice of the last 20 years, and leads to a different nuclear geometry definition for each experiment. The standard procedure for experimentalists is to perform the nuclear geometry calculation using the total inelastic $N\text{−}N$ cross section, which results in a common nuclear geometry definition for all experiments. The incomplete acceptance of individual experiments is taken into account by correcting the detector response for the probability of measuring zero for an inelastic collision, which can often be determined experimentally. This clearly separates experimental issues such as different acceptances from theoretical issues which should apply in general to all experiments. Extreme-independent models are used to illustrate the conditions for which the two methods give consistent or inconsistent results.

The mass shift, width broadening, and spectral density for the $\omega$ meson in a heat bath of nucleons and pions is calculated using a general formula which relates the self-energy to the forward scattering amplitude. We use experimental data to saturate the scattering amplitude at low energies with resonances and include a background Pomeron term, while at high energies a Regge parametrization is used. The peak of the spectral density is little shifted from its vacuum position, but the width is considerably increased due to collisional broadening. At normal nuclear matter density and a temperature of $150\mathrm{MeV}$ the spectral density of the $\omega$ meson has a width of $140\mathrm{MeV}$. Zero temperature nuclear matter is also discussed.

Forty years ago Richardson showed that the eigenstates of the pairing Hamiltonian with constant interaction strength can be calculated by solving a set of nonlinear coupled equations. However, in the case of fermions these equations lead to singularities which made them very hard to solve. This paper explains how these singularities can be avoided through a change of variables making the fermionic pairing problem numerically solvable for arbitrary single-particle energies and degeneracies.

An operator form of the three-nucleon $\left(3N\right)$ bound state is proposed. It consists of eight operators formed out of scalar products in relative momentum and spin vectors, which are applied on a pure $3N$ spin $1∕2$ state. Each of the operators is associated with a scalar function depending only on the magnitudes of the two relative momenta and the angle between them. The connection between the standard partial wave decomposition of the $3N$ bound state and the operator form is established, and the decomposition of these scalar function in terms of partial wave components and analytically known auxiliary functions is given. That newly established operator form of the $3N$ bound state exhibits the dominant angular and spin dependence analytically. The scalar functions are tabulated and can be downloaded. As an application the spin dependent nucleon momentum distribution in a polarized $3N$ bound state is calculated to illustrate the use of the new form of the $3N$ bound state.

Properties of the matter in the inner crust of a neutron star are investigated in a Hartree-Fock plus BCS approximation employing schematic effective forces of the type of the Skyrme forces. Special attention is paid to differences between a homogenous and inhomogeneous description of the matter distribution. For that purpose self-consistent Hartree-Fock calculations are performed in a spherical Wigner-Seitz cell. The results are compared to predictions of corresponding Thomas-Fermi calculations. The influence of the shell structure on the formation of pairing correlations in inhomogeneous matter are discussed.