Neutrino event generators make use of intranuclear cascade models (INCs) to predict the kinematics of hadron production in neutrino-nucleus interactions. We perform a consistent comparison of different INCs by using the same set of events as input to the NEUT, NuWro, Achilles, and INCL INCs. The inputs correspond to calculations of the fully differential single-proton knockout cross section, either in the distorted-wave impulse approximation or plane-wave impulse approximation, both including realistic nuclear hole spectral functions. We compare the INC results to DWIA calculations with an optical potential, used extensively in the analysis of ($e,e^{\prime }p$) experiments. We point out a systematic discrepancy between both approaches. We apply the INC results to recent MicroBooNE data. We assess the influence of the choice of spectral function, finding that large variations in realistic spectral functions are indistinguishable with present data. The data are underpredicted, with strength missing in the region where two-nucleon knockout and resonance production contribute. However, the data are underpredicted also in regions of low transverse missing momentum, where one-nucleon knockout dominates. The inclusion of the interference with two-body currents could lead to additional strength in this region.

The recently precise parity-violating electron scattering experiments CREX and PREX-II results on neutron skin thickness for ${}^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$ and ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ nucleus suggest a distinctive picture of linear density dependence of symmetry energy ($L$) and equation of state (EoS) of dense nuclear matter. The PREX-II results demand a large value of $L$, suggesting stiffer EoS, whereas CREX results support small $L$ and softer EoS. This discrepancy has caused large tension among theoretical, experimental, and observational groups to reproduce the ground state properties of finite nuclei, simultaneously satisfying the CREX-PREX results and properties of neutron stars within the astrophysical observations. Motivated by this, we propose the interactions for the relativistic mean field (RMF) model by taking into account the coupling of isovector scalar $\delta$ meson-nucleon ($g_{\delta }$), cubic ($\sigma {\delta }^2$) and quartic order interactions (${\sigma }^2{\delta }^2$) due to isoscalar scalar $\sigma$ and isovector scalar, $\delta$ mesons, in addition to vector meson mixing ${\omega }^2{\rho }^2$. These interactions reproduce the binding energies and charge radii of spherical/closed shell nuclei and also satisfy the CREX and PREX-II results on neutron skin thickness for ${}^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$ and ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ nucleus and give a plausible solution to the CREX-PREX-II dilemma. It is also observed that for the RMF model to satisfy the CREX-PREX-II constraints simultaneously, $L$ should lie in the range $79.32\pm 6.20$ MeV. The equations of state composed of $\beta$-equilibrated nucleonic matter obtained for these interactions are very stiff. The prediction of nuclear matter and neutron star observables for these interactions are also discussed.

Background: An important aspect of reducing nuclear many-body problems to few-body models is the presence of Pauli-forbidden (PF) states, which are excluded in fully antisymmetrized calculations. Insufficient treatments of PF states in deformed halo nuclei underscore the need for model refinement.

Purpose: We propose a new method utilizing Nilsson states as PF states in the orthogonality condition model, and investigate the impact of PF states on the properties of resonant states.

Method: We investigate the scattering states of ${}^8\mathrm{B}$ within the particle rotor model (PRM) framework based on a deformed ${}^7\mathrm{Be}$ core and $p$ two-body model. We compare several methods for eliminating PF states and test them with the experimental data.

Results: Our model successfully reproduces the experimental excitation function for elastic scattering cross section by properly eliminating PF states. The same calculation predicts the presence of a low-energy bump in the inelastic scattering excitation function, although its position is overestimated by about 1 MeV compared to experimental data.

Conclusion: This study extends the applicability of the PRM, offering a comprehensive approach for exploring structures and reactions of loosely bound nuclei such as ${}^8\mathrm{B}$. Future integration with the continuum discretized coupled channels method promises to further advance the research.

We discuss the inclusion of relativistic boost corrections into the correlated basis function effective nuclear Hamiltonian, derived from a realistic model of two- and three-nucleon interactions using the formalism of correlated basis functions and the cluster expansion technique. Different procedures to take into account the effects of boost interactions are compared on the basis of the ability to reproduce the nuclear matter equation of state obtained from accurate quantum many-body calculations. The results of our study show that the repulsive contribution of the boost interaction significantly depends on the underlying model of the nonrelativistic potential. On the other hand, the dominant relativistic correction turns out to be the corresponding reduction of the strength of repulsive three-nucleon interactions, leading to a significant softening of the equation of state of nuclear matter at supranuclear densities.

Background: Various mean-field calculations suggest that most superheavy nuclei (SHN) with $102<Z<120$ are deformed. The existence of the SHN is due to the shell stabilization. While the shell stabilization effect of spherical SHN has been well studied, there are fewer studies on the deformed SHN based on the self-consistent mean-field models.

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to study the stability of deformed even-even SHN with $98<Z<120$ by extracting the shell correction energies from the single-particle (s.p.) energies obtained from nuclear density functional theory (DFT).

Methods: We calculate s.p. energies using a symmetry-unrestricted nonrelativistic mean-field model based on a mixed basis. The Strutinsky shell correction energies are obtained using these s.p. energies. For the pairing channel, we use the Lipkin-Nogami (LN) pairing model.

Results: Systematic calculations have been performed for even-even nuclei with $Z=98–120$ and $N=140–190$ using four different energy density functionals (EDFs). The extracted shell correction energies are plotted as functions of proton and neutron numbers. All four EDFs predict the lowest minima at the nucleus ${}_{108}{}^{270}\mathrm{Hs}_{162}$. The next minima locate at ${}_{116}{}^{284}\mathrm{Lv}_{168}$ for SLy4, ${\mathrm{SkM}}^{*}$, and UNEDF1 EDFs. For the $\mathrm{UNEDF}{1}^{\mathrm{SO}}$ EDF, the minimum locates at ${}_{112}{}^{276}\mathrm{Cn}_{164}$. The calculated ground-state total energies allow us to extract the two-particle separation energies (${\delta }_{2n,2p}$), $\alpha$-decay energies ($Q_{\alpha }$), and $\alpha$-decay half-lives. The experimental data are reasonably reproduced by the calculations with SLy4, UNEDF1, and $\mathrm{UNEDF}{1}^{\mathrm{SO}}$ EDFs. Analyses of the two-particle separation energies and the $\alpha$-decay energies indicate that the variations of the ${\delta }_{2n,2p}$ and $Q_{\alpha }$ values along the isotopic and isotonic chains can be attributed to the occurrence of deformed shell gaps at relevant nucleon numbers.

Conclusions: Our calculations suggest that the next deformed shell closure above ${}_{100}{}^{252}\mathrm{Fm}_{152}$ occurs at ${}_{108}{}^{270}\mathrm{Hs}_{162}$. The heavier deformed shell closure for the SHN region is predicted to locate at ${}_{116}{}^{284}\mathrm{Lv}_{168}$ or ${}_{112}{}^{276}\mathrm{Cn}_{164}$.

Simulations of scattering processes are essential in understanding the physics of our universe. Computing relevant scattering quantities from ab initio methods is extremely difficult on classical devices because of the substantial computational resources needed. This work reports the development of an algorithm that makes it possible to obtain phase shifts for generic nonrelativistic elastic scattering processes on a quantum computer. This algorithm is based on extracting phase shifts from the direct implementation of the real-time evolution. The algorithm is improved by a variational procedure making it more accurate and resistant to the quantum noise. The reliability of the algorithm is first demonstrated by means of classical numerical simulations for different potentials and later tested on existing quantum hardware, specifically on IBM quantum processors.

Background: In quasifission, it is unclear what the interaction between the relative orbital angular momentum and the spin of the fragments is from a microscopic perspective. In macroscopic approaches, it is expected that the large value of the relative orbital angular momentum, of the order of 100 $\hslash$ is transferred through tangential dissipation to the fragments' intrinsic spin by sliding and rolling friction.

Purpose: The goal is to investigate the angular momentum transfer from the initial relative orbital angular momentum to the fragments' spin and to clarify how the transferred spin is distributed between the fragments. The investigation further aims to establish the timescales associated with different transfer mechanisms and to determine the influence of deformation on this process.

Method: A time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) simulation in the time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF)-Skyrme framework is used to describe several reactions at different impact parameters with increasing complexity. A method is proposed to study the evolution of the fragments' total spin as a function of time and angular velocity.

Results: The increasingly complex reaction allows for careful analysis of all the mechanisms responsible for the transfer of spin. In particular, it is shown that the transfer of nucleons, and neck formation can significantly affect the transfer of spin through tangential friction.

Conclusions: Several mechanisms are in contradiction with previous macroscopic calculations. In particular, the spin of the fragments does not always increase during the collision which prevents it from being used to estimate the collision time of the reaction.

We present experimental data on the most relevant reaction channels of the $d + {}^{197}\mathrm{Au}$ system. The angular distribution for neutron transfer (pickup and stripping) and breakup protons were obtained by the online detection of charged particles with two fourfold-$\mathrm{\Delta }E$ silicon telescopes. Additionally, integral cross sections for fusion-evaporation and neutron transfer were obtained by the offline detection of $\beta$-delayed $\gamma$ rays with an HPGe detector. Offline and online methods for neutron transfer give compatible and complementary results. The angular distributions obtained for the $n$-pickup and $n$-stripping are fairly reproduced by coupled reaction channel calculations, although limited model spaces are adopted and the spectroscopic amplitudes are assumed on the basis of qualitative argument, which considered known excited states of ${}^{196}\mathrm{Au}$ up to around 700 keV. To describe the $n$-stripping process populating states around 4.3 MeV of ${}^{198}\mathrm{Au}$ excitation energy, compatible with the optimum value for the process $Q_{\mathrm{opt}}=0$, a series of states in ${}^{198}\mathrm{Au}$ was assumed for the calculation. The inclusive experimental breakup cross section was fairly well described using the Ichimura-Austern-Vincent formalism. Suppression of the complete fusion cross section above the Coulomb barrier was observed, being 45% of the one-channel calculation; for energies below the barrier, an enhancement can not be concluded. The sum of the cross section of these channels is compatible with the reaction cross section derived from the elastic scattering fits already published for this same dataset.

Based on the dinuclear system model, the calculated cross sections in the multinucleon transfer reactions ${}^{136}\mathrm{Xe}+{}^{249}\mathrm{Cf}$ and ${}^{136}\mathrm{Xe}+{}^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ agree well with experimental data. In the ${}^{112}\mathrm{Cd}$, ${}^{124}\mathrm{Sn}$, ${}^{130}\mathrm{Sn}+{}^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ reactions, we find the higher $N/Z$ ratio of the projectile, the easier it is for the target to pick up neutrons due to the lower $\mathrm{\Delta }U$ value. The effect of the incident energy in the ${}^{130}\mathrm{Sn}+{}^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ reaction is studied, and the cross section of neutron-rich nuclei is not sensitive to the incident energy. The total kinetic energy increases with the increasing impact parameter, due to the transition from deep inelastic collision to quasielastic scattering. The angular distributions of six new isotopes produced in the ${}^{130}\mathrm{Sn}+{}^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ reaction are predicted. It is found that the angular distribution moves towards a larger angle as the incident energy increases. 46 unknown neutron-rich isotopes with $Z=90\text{–}95$ in the reaction ${}^{130}\mathrm{Sn}+{}^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ at $E_{\text{c.m.}}$= 1.1 $V_{\text{C}}$ are predicted with cross sections larger than 1 pb.

We use a multiphase transport (AMPT) model to study multipion and multikaon Hanbury-Brown–Twiss (HBT) correlations for the partially coherent particle-emitting sources in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. A density-dependent longitudinal coherent emission length and density-dependent transverse coherent emission length are introduced in calculating the multiboson HBT correlation functions of the partially coherent sources. We compare the model results of three- and four-pion HBT correlation functions with experimental data in Pb-Pb collisions at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV, and investigate the influences of boson coherent emissions on the multipion and multikaon correlation functions. We find that all of the three- and four-pion correlation functions of the partially coherent sources are consistent with experimental data. Coherent emission leads to the intercept decreases of the multiboson correlation functions. The intercepts of the multikaon correlation functions of the partially coherent source are higher than those of the multipion correlation functions, because low kaon densities lead to smaller kaon coherent emission lengths than pion emission lengths. The intercepts of multiboson correlation functions of partially coherent sources in high transverse momentum intervals are higher than those in low transverse momentum intervals because particle de Broglie wavelengths are small at high momenta.

This work is an extension of our past study focused on a covariant representation of the electromagnetic (EM) current of spin-1/2 Dirac particles, specifically nucleons. In the past study the EM responses that occur in unpolarized electron scattering from unpolarized nucleons were derived; however, scattering of polarized electrons from polarized nucleons was beyond the scope of that earlier work. Here such extensions are studied in detail. While in other work the EM response has already been developed for the double-polarization scattering problem, that effort was focused on high-energy collider physics. In the present study the formalism is recast into a set of EM response functions that have transparent dependencies on the relevant kinematic variables, especially on how these behave with respect to the momentum p of the (moving) struck, polarized nucleon. The motivation for such a reformulation of the problem is the desire to see a clear path to expansions in $p$ of the EM response for use in devising “prescriptions for nuclear physics.” Results are provided where comparisons are made of the full (unexpanded) responses with various approximations that are frequently employed in studies of EM nuclear physics, demonstrating that under some circumstances such approximations are reasonable, whereas in other circumstances the expanded results are likely to be invalid. In addition, the EM current operators and approximations to them are discussed in detail.

This study of isomeric states in ${}^{255}\mathrm{No}$ was performed with the GABRIELA detector array at the focal plane of the SHELS recoil separator. The ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}({}^{48}\mathrm{Ca},$ ${xn)}^{256\text{–}x}\mathrm{No}$ fusion-evaporation reaction was used to produce nobelium isotopes with a beam energy optimized for the one-neutron and two-neutron evaporation channels. These nobelium isotopes were studied by decay spectroscopy leading to the identification of isomeric states in ${}^{255}\mathrm{No}$ by means of the calorimetric method. In order to isolate the radioactive decays of ${}^{255}\mathrm{No}$ from the more numerous decays of ${}^{254}\mathrm{No}$, the characteristic signal of the internal decay of the daughter ${}^{251}\mathrm{Fm}$ was used as a tag. Under these conditions, the decay of four isomeric states was observed. They are interpreted as high-$K$ structures decaying in cascade. The first isomeric state is assigned to a $\nu \left[725\right]$ ${\frac{11}{2}}^{-}$ neutron one quasiparticle (qp) configuration, in good agreement with the trend of this state in the neighboring isotones. The second and the third ones were attributed to three-qp $21/2^{+}$ and $27/2^{+}$ states and are interpreted as resulting from the coupling of the same $\nu \left[725\right]$ ${\frac{11}{2}}^{-}$ one-qp configuration with the ${\pi }^2{\{\left[624\right]{\frac{9}{2}}^{+}\otimes \left[521\right]{\frac{1}{2}}^{-}\}}_{5^{-}}$ and with the ${\pi }^2{\{\left[624\right]{\frac{9}{2}}^{+}\otimes \left[514\right]{\frac{7}{2}}^{-}\}}_{8^{-}}$ two-qp configurations, respectively. According to its excitation energy E*$\ge 2.5$ MeV, the fourth isomeric state should have a five-qp structure, which requires more statistics to be detailed.

Fission fragment yield evaluations are one of the important nuclear data studies. Fission accompanies various physical observables such as prompt fission neutron, prompt fission $\gamma$, and delayed neutrons. When evaluating fission fragment yields, a study including correlations among those observables is essentially required. However, fission fragment yield data in the past JENDL libraries have been made by focusing only on experimental fragment yields, decay heats, and delayed neutron yields, and they have not been expanded into a wider range of fission observables. This is because the evaluation method adopted in the JENDL libraries could not study fission fragment yields and particle emissions from fragments simultaneously. To solve this problem, a calculation system with CCONE code is newly developed to estimate not only independent and cumulative fission fragment yields but also prompt fission neutron, prompt fission gamma, decay heats, and delayed neutrons simultaneously. This system enables us to study a correlation between various fission observables. To determine lots of parameters in this system efficiently, a Gaussian process and a least square fitting are adopted. We tested the calculation system through a thermal neutron-induced fission on ${}^{235}\mathrm{U}$. In this paper, we demonstrate the performance of the parameter search method and show that experimental fission fragment yield data and other observables resulting from fission are reproduced well by the new calculation system.

The octupole deformation of atomic nuclei is a relevant research area given its implications in the nuclear structure and fundamental physics, however, inclusion of octupole degrees of freedom in the nuclear interaction has been explored little in SU(3) symmetry-based models. In this article we expand the octupole operator ${\mathcal{O}}_{\mu }^3$ in the SU(3) second quantization formalism and use it to formulate an octupole-octupole residual interaction ${\mathcal{O}}^3·{\mathcal{O}}^3$ which is incorporated in Elliott's model Hamiltonian. We compute the matrix elements of this extended Hamiltonian and use them to calculate energy levels and analyze the $B(E3;3_1^{-}\to 0_1^{+})$ transition strength of the isotope ${}^{224}\mathrm{Th}$ using the semimicroscopic algebraic quartet model based on the proxy-SU(3) scheme.

Attempts to comprehend the fusion mechanism of non-$\alpha$-cluster projectiles (such as ${}^{14}\mathrm{N}$, ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$) at low energies and the contributing factors have proven challenging due to the lack of experimental data. The residual cross sections from the ${}^{14}\mathrm{N}$-induced reaction on ${}^{89}\mathrm{Y}$ within the energy range of 43–58 MeV are measured in this work. The reaction resulted in the production of residues ${}^{100}\mathrm{Pd}$, ${}^{99}\mathrm{Pd}$, ${}^{100}\mathrm{Rh}$, ${}^{99m}\mathrm{Rh}$, ${}^{97}\mathrm{Ru}$, and ${}^{90m}\mathrm{Y}$, which were identified by $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy. Analysis of the measured excitation functions using model codes based on equilibrium and pre-equilibrium mechanisms has been conducted to gain insights into the underlying reaction processes. The production of ${}^{90m}\mathrm{Y}$ through one-neutron transfer channel has also been investigated.