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Diversity-induced resonance at surfactant-laden interfaces

Stefano Scialla*

  • *Contact author: stefano.scialla@unicampus.it
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Phys. Rev. E 113, 025506 – Published 17 February, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/1chj-g95g

Abstract

Networks of coupled nonlinear elements can amplify weak periodic signals when unit heterogeneity is intermediate—a phenomenon known as diversity-induced resonance (DIR). We test this mechanism at surfactant-laden interfaces by modeling the interface as a two-dimensional lattice of laterally coupled patches obeying Frumkin adsorption-desorption kinetics, driven by sinusoidal modulation of the monomer concentration; diversity enters as patchwise variability in the adsorption drive. Using linear analysis and numerical simulations, we compute the first-harmonic gain of the mean surface coverage while sweeping diversity and other parameters, and connect the model to experimental observables. Intermediate diversity maximizes the collective response, increasing mean coverage by ∼3–4× versus a homogeneous interface and improving robustness to frequency variations, consistent with DIR. Because the effect emerges from network coupling, the model requires no empirical time constants or ad hoc relaxation pathways.

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Phys. Rev. E 113, 025506– Published 17 February, 2026
  • Received 22 September 2025
  • Accepted 29 January 2026
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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