Observation of ultrahigh energy astrophysical neutrinos and identification of their flavors have been proposed for future neutrino telescopes. The flavor ratio of astrophysical neutrinos observed on the Earth depends on both the initial flavor ratio at the source and flavor transitions taking place during propagations of these neutrinos. The flavor transition mechanisms are well classified with our model-independent parametrization. We find that a new parameter $R\equiv {\varphi }_e/({\varphi }_{\mu }+{\varphi }_{\tau })$ can probe directly the flavor transition in the framework of our model-independent parametrization, without the assumption of the ${\nu }_{\mu }\text{−}{\nu }_{\tau }$ symmetry. A few flavor-transition models are employed to test our parametrization with this new observable. The observational constraints on flavor transition mechanisms by the new observable are discussed through our model-independent parametrization.

We investigate quasinormal mode frequencies ${\omega }_n$ of gravitinos and generic massive spin-$\frac{3}{2}$ fields in a Schwarzschild-${\mathrm{AdS}}_D$ background in spacetime dimension $D>3$, in the black brane (large black hole) limit appropriate to many applications of the AdS/CFT correspondence. First, we find asymptotic formulas for ${\omega }_n$ in the limit of large overtone number $n$. Asymptotically, ${\omega }_n\simeq n\mathrm{\Delta }\omega +O(\ln n)+O(n^0)$, where $\mathrm{\Delta }\omega$ is a known constant, and here we compute the $O(\ln n)$ and $O(n^0)$ corrections to the leading $O(n)$ behavior. Then we compare to numerical calculations of exact quasinormal mode frequencies. Along the way, we also improve the reach and accuracy of an earlier, similar analysis of spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ fields.

We present an effective field theory study of radiation and radiation reaction effects for scalar and electromagnetic fields in general spacetime dimensions. Our method unifies the treatment of outgoing radiation and its reaction force within a single action principle. Central ingredients are the field doubling method, which is the classical version of the closed time path formalism and allows a treatment of nonconservative effects within an action, action level matching of system and radiation zones, and the use of fields which are adapted to the enhanced symmetries of each zone. New results include compact expressions for radiative multipoles, radiation, and radiation reaction effective action in any spacetime dimension. We emphasize dimension-dependent features such as the difference between electric and magnetic multipoles in higher dimensions and the temporal nonlocality nature of the effective action for odd spacetime dimensions, which is a reflection of indirect propagation (“tail effect”) in the full theory. This work generalizes the method and results developed for four dimensions in Phys. Rev. D 88, 104037 (2013) and prepares the way for a treatment of the gravitational case.

In this paper, we study the phase transition and the entropy spectrum of the Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole with torsion obtained in ($1+2$)-dimensional Poincaré gauge theory. By calculating the heat capacity, we find that the BTZ black hole with torsion we consider will experience phase transition at some critical point. This indicates that the critical behaviors of black holes do not only depend on the geometry of spacetime, but also have to do with the theory of gravity under consideration. In addition, we derive the entropy spectrum of the BTZ black hole according to the quasinormal modes and the adiabatic invariance. It shows that the area or entropy spectrum will also rely on the concrete gravitational action.

We obtain a ($5+1$)-dimensional global flat embedding of the Gibbons-Maeda-Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger spacetime in the Einstein frame and a ($5+2$)-dimensional global flat embedding in the string frame. We show that the local free-fall temperatures for freely falling observers in each frame are finite at the event horizons, while the local temperatures for fiducial observers are divergent. We also observe that the local free-fall temperatures differ between the two frames.

We study the end stages of gravitational collapse of the thin shell of matter in ingoing Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates. We use the functional Schrodinger formalism to capture quantum effects in the near singularity limit. We find that the equations of motion which govern the behavior of the collapsing shell near the classical singularity become strongly nonlocal. This reinforces previous arguments that quantum gravity in the strong field regime might be nonlocal. We managed to solve the nonlocal equation of motion for the dust shell case, and found an explicit form of the wave function describing the collapsing shell. This wave function and the corresponding probability density are nonsingular at the origin, thus indicating that quantization should be able to rid gravity of singularities, just as was the case with the singular Coulomb potential.

We study the thermodynamics of $D$-dimensional Born-Infeld AdS black holes in the extended phase space. We find that the usual small-large black hole phase transition, which exhibits analogy with the Van de Waals liquid-gas system, holds in all dimensions greater than three. However, different from the four-dimensional case, in the system of higher dimensional Born-Infeld AdS black holes there is no reentrant phase transition. For the three-dimensional Born-Infeld AS black hole, there does not exist critical phenomena.

We provide a holographic description of two-dimensional dilaton gravity with anti–de Sitter boundary conditions. We find that the asymptotic symmetry algebra consists of a single copy of the Virasoro algebra with nonvanishing central charge and point out difficulties with the standard canonical treatment. We generalize our results to higher spin theories and thus provide the first examples of two-dimensional higher spin gravity with holographic description. For spin-3 gravity we find that the asymptotic symmetry algebra is a single copy of the ${\mathrm{W}}_3$ algebra.

In this work, chaotic indicators, which have been established in the framework of classical mechanics, are reformulated in the framework of general relativity in such a way that they are invariant under coordinate transformation. For achieving this, the prescription for reformulating mLCE given by [Y. Sota, S. Suzuki, and K.-I. Maeda, Classical Quantum Gravity 13, 1241 (1996)] is adopted. Thus, the geodesic deviation vector approach is applied, and the proper time is utilized as the measure of time. Following the aforementioned prescription, the chaotic indicators FLI, MEGNO, GALI, and APLE are reformulated. In fact, FLI has been reformulated by adapting other prescriptions in the past, but not by adapting the Sota et al. one. By using one of these previous reformulations of FLI, an approximative expression giving MEGNO as function of FLI has been applied on nonintegrable curved spacetimes in a recent work. In the present work the reformulation of MEGNO is provided by adjusting the definition of the indicator to the Sota et al. prescription. GALI and APLE are reformulated in the framework of general relativity for the first time. All the reformulated indicators by Sota et al. prescription are tested and compared for their efficiency to discern order from chaos.

The nuclear suppression of heavy quarkonium production at low transverse momentum in $pA$ collisions in high energy scatterings is investigated in the small-$x$ factorization formalism. A universal suppression is found in the large $N_c$ limit between the two formalisms to describe the heavy quarkonium production: the nonrelativistic QCD and the color-evaporation model. This provides an important probe to the saturation momentum at small $x$ in the big nucleus. We also comment on the phenomenological applications of our results.

We examine the invariant-mass spectrum of $D^{0}p$ in ${\overline{B}}^0\to p\overline{p}{D}^0$ decay measured by BABAR and find that, through the two-step processes of ${\overline{B}}^0\to {\mathbf{B}}_c^{+}(\to D^{0}p)\overline{p}$, where ${\mathbf{B}}_{\mathbf{c}}$ denotes a charmed baryon state, some of the peaks can be identified with the established ${\mathrm{\Sigma }}_c(2800{)}^{+}$, ${\mathrm{\Lambda }}_c(2880{)}^{+}$, and ${\mathrm{\Lambda }}_c(2940{)}^{+}$. Moreover, to account for the measured spectrum, it is necessary to introduce a new charmed baryon resonance with $(m,\mathrm{\Gamma })=(3212\pm 20,167\pm 34)\mathrm{MeV}$.

We provide a systematic coset construction of the effective field theories governing the low-energy dynamics of relativistic fluids and solids and of their “super” counterparts. These effective theories agree with those previously derived via different techniques. As an application of our methods, we rederive the Wess-Zumino term relevant for anomalous charge-carrying fluids in ($1+1$) dimensions.

We describe the practical implementation of the sideband search, a search for periodic gravitational waves from neutron stars in binary systems. The orbital motion of the source in its binary system causes frequency modulation in the combination of matched filters known as the $\mathcal{F}$-statistic. The sideband search is based on the incoherent summation of these frequency-modulated $\mathcal{F}$-statistic sidebands. It provides a new detection statistic for sources in binary systems, called the $\mathcal{C}$-statistic. The search is well suited to low-mass x-ray binaries, the brightest of which, called Sco X-1, is an ideal target candidate. For sources like Sco X-1, with well-constrained orbital parameters, a slight variation on the search is possible. The extra orbital information can be used to approximately demodulate the data from the binary orbital motion in the coherent stage, before incoherently summing the now reduced number of sidebands. We investigate this approach and show that it improves the sensitivity of the standard Sco X-1 directed sideband search. Prior information on the neutron star inclination and gravitational wave polarization can also be used to improve upper limit sensitivity. We estimate the sensitivity of a Sco X-1 directed sideband search on ten days of LIGO data and show that it can beat previous upper limits in current LIGO data, with a possibility of constraining theoretical upper limits using future advanced instruments.

Some flavor SU(3) results are presented for decays of the ${\mathrm{\Lambda }}_b$ baryon into noncharmed final states $PB$, where $P$ is a pseudoscalar meson and $B$ is a spin-$1/2$ baryon. Although these relations are among amplitudes and hence not yet subject to direct experimental tests, they can form the basis for triangle inequalities among decay rates.

Deviations from Lorentz and $CPT$ invariance in the neutrino sector and their observable effects in double beta decay are studied. For two-neutrino double beta decay, a spectral distortion and its properties are characterized for different isotopes. Majorana couplings for Lorentz violation are studied and shown to trigger neutrinoless double beta decay even for negligible Majorana mass. Existing data are used to obtain first limits of $5\times {10}^{-9}$ for 18 individual coefficients, and attainable sensitivities in current and future experiments are presented.

Deviations from the standard Higgs sector generated by some new (nonstandard) physics at an energy scale $\mathrm{\Lambda }$ could be described by effective $\mathrm{SU}{(3)}_c\times \mathrm{SU}{(2)}_L\times \mathrm{U}(1)$ invariant nonrenormalizable Lagrangian terms of dimension six. The set of dimension-six operators involving the Higgs field is chosen in such a way that the form of the gauge boson kinetic terms remains untouched, preserving all high-precision electroweak constraints. A systematic study of effects in various Higgs boson production channels ($\gamma \gamma$, $ZZ$, $WW$, $b\overline{b}$, $\tau \overline{\tau }$) caused by effective operators is carried out beyond the $\text{production}\times \text{decay}$ approximation (or infinitely small width approximation). Statistical methods are used to establish the consistency of the standard Higgs sector with the available LHC data. A global fit in the two-parametric anomalous coupling space indicating possible deviations from the standard Higgs-fermion and Higgs-gauge boson couplings is performed, using post-Moriond 2012 data and more precise LC2013 data. We find that the standard Higgs sector is consistent with the current CMS and ATLAS experimental results both in the infinitely small width approximation and the calculation with complete gauge-invariant sets of diagrams. However, a visible difference between the exclusion contours is found for some combinations of production and decay channels, although it is minor for the global fits for all possible channels. Updates of the signal strength and the signal strength error reported at LC2013 result in significant improvements of the allowed regions in the anomalous coupling space, which are also recalculated at complete tree level.

We investigate the excited states of the nucleon using $N_f=2$ twisted mass gauge configurations with pion masses in the range of about 270 to 450 MeV and one ensemble of $N_f=2$ Clover fermions at almost physical pion mass. We use two different sets of variational bases and study the resulting generalized eigenvalue problem. We present results for the two lowest positive and negative parity states.

We extend the low-energy effective field theory relevant for $b\to s$ transitions up to operators of mass dimension seven and compute the associated anomalous-dimension matrix. We then compare our findings to the known results for dimension-six operators and derive a solution for the renormalization group equations involving operators of dimension seven. We finally apply our analysis to a particularly simple case where the Standard Model is extended by an electroweak-magnetic operator and consider limits on this scenario from the decays $B_s\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ and $B\to K\nu \overline{\nu }$.