We find a crucial miscalculation in [G. Kofinas, E. Papantonopoulos, and E. N. Saridakis, Self-gravitating spherically symmetric solutions in scalar-torsion theories, Phys. Rev. D 91, 104034 (2015)] which leads to the wrong master equation. This follows that there is no wormhole-like solution for hyperbolic scalar potential and the solution at large distances differs from that of [G. Kofinas, E. Papantonopoulos, and E. N. Saridakis, Self-gravitating spherically symmetric solutions in scalar-torsion theories, Phys. Rev. D 91, 104034 (2015)].

Quantum information theory and holography play central roles in our understanding of quantum gravity. Exploring their connections will lead to profound effects on our understanding of modern physics and is, thus, a key challenge for present theory and experiments. In this paper, we investigate a recent conjectured connection between reduced fidelity susceptibility and holographic complexity (denoted as the RFS/HC duality). We give a quantitative proof of the duality by performing both holographic and field theoretical computations. In addition, holographic complexity in ${\mathrm{AdS}}_{2+1}$ are explored and several important properties are obtained. These properties allow us, via the RFS/HC duality, to obtain a set of remarkable identities of the reduced fidelity susceptibility, which may have significant implications for our understanding of it. Moreover, utilizing these properties and the recent proposed diagnostic tool based on the fidelity susceptibility, experimental verification of the RFS/HC duality becomes possible.

We investigate the axion inflation model derived by polyinstanton effects in type II superstring theories. Polyinstanton effects are instanton effects corrected by another instanton and they can generate the modulus-axion potential with the double exponential function. Although the axion has a period of small value, this potential can have a flat region because its derivatives are exponentially suppressed by nonperturbative effects. From the view point of the cosmic inflation, such a potential is interesting. In this paper, we numerically study the possibilities of realizing the cosmic inflation. We also study their spectral index and other cosmological observables, numerically.

We revisit the scattering of quantum test particles on the conical ($2+1$)-dimensional spacetime and find the scattering amplitude as a function of the boundary conditions imposed at the apex of the cone. We show that the boundary condition is responsible for a purely analytical term in the scattering amplitude, in addition to those coming from purely topological effects. Since it is possible to have nonequivalent physical evolutions for the wave packet (each one corresponding to a different boundary condition), it seems crucial to have an observable quantity specifying which evolution has been prescribed.

We show that a quantum subsystem can become significantly entangled with a classical background through a process with few or no semiclassical backreactions. We study two quantum harmonic oscillators coupled to each other in a time-independent Hamiltonian. We compare it to its semiclassical approximation in which one of the oscillators is treated as the classical background. In this approximation, the remaining quantum oscillator has an effective Hamiltonian which is time-dependent, and its evolution appears to be unitary. However, in the fully quantum model, the two oscillators can entangle each other. Thus, the unitarity of either individual oscillator is never guaranteed. We derive the critical time scale after which the unitarity of either individual oscillator is irrevocably lost. In particular, we give an example that in the adiabatic limit, unitarity is lost before other relevant questions can be addressed.

We construct canonical realizations of the (2+1)-dimensional Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (${\mathfrak{b}\mathfrak{m}\mathfrak{s}}_3$) algebra as symmetry algebras of a free Klein-Gordon (KG) field in $2+1$ dimensions for both massive and massless cases. We consider two types of realizations, one on shell, written in terms of the Fourier modes of the scalar field, and the other off shell, with nonlocal transformations written in terms of the KG field and its momenta. These realizations contain both supertranslations and superrotations, for which we construct the corresponding Noether charges.

In this article, we shed some light on the field theoretic aspect of the spherically symmetric trapping horizon in Vaidya spacetime. The effective field equations are that of a Chern-Simons theory coupled to bulk sources through two different couplings—one is purely geometric and the other is matter dependent. This is an effective generalization of the equilibrium horizon scenario where the Chern-Simons theory is coupled to the bulk geometry through a constant matter-independent coupling. Further, we note that the field equations pulled back to a cross section of the horizon are inadequate to manifest the nature of the horizon. Hence, contrary to the usual practice, the evolution equation needs to be considered at least while passing on to the quantum theory.

Studies of the effective regime of loop quantum gravity (LQG) revealed that, in the limit of Planckian curvature scales, spacetime may undergo a transition from the Lorentzian to Euclidean signature. This effect is a consequence of quantum modifications of the hypersurface deformation algebra, which in the linearized case is equivalent to a deformed version of the Poincaré algebra. In this paper the latter relation is explored for the LQG-inspired hypersurface deformation algebra that is characterized by the above mentioned signature change. While the exact form of the deformed Poincaré algebra is not uniquely determined, the algebra under consideration is representative enough to capture a number of qualitative features. In particular, the analysis reveals that the signature change can be associated with two symmetric invariant energy scales, which separate three physically disconnected momentum subspaces. Furthermore, the invariant measure on momentum space is derived, which allows to properly define the average return probability, characterizing a fictitious diffusion process on spacetime. The diffusion is subsequently studied in the momentum representation for all possible variants of the model. Finally, the spectral dimension of spacetime is calculated in each case as a function of the scale parameter. In the most interesting situation the deformation is of the asymptotically ultralocal type and the spectral dimension reduces to $d_S=1$ in the UV limit.

We extend the semianalytic technique of Iyer and Will for computing the complex quasinormal frequencies of black holes, $\omega$, by constructing the Padé approximants of the (formal) series for ${\omega }^2$. It is shown that for the (so-far best documented) quasinormal frequencies of the Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordström black holes the Padé transforms $P_6^6$ and $P_7^6$ are, within the domain of applicability, always in excellent agreement with the numerical results. We argue that the method may serve as a black box with the “potential” $Q(x)$ as an input and the accurate quasinormal modes as the output. The generalizations and modifications of the method are briefly discussed as well as the preliminary results for other classes of black holes.

In this paper we investigate the role of additional light fields not directly coupled to the background during preheating. We extend our previous study that proved that the production of particles associated with such fields can be abundant due to quantum corrections, even for the massless states. We also obtain the expression for the occupation number operator in terms of interacting fields, which includes the nonlinear effects important for nonperturbative particle production. We show that adding too many light degrees of freedom without direct interactions with the background might attenuate or even quench preheating as the result of backreaction effects and quantum corrections.

It is well known that the memory effect in flat spacetime is parametrized by the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) supertranslation. We investigate the relation between the memory effect and diffeomorphism in de Sitter spacetime. We find that gravitational memory is parametrized by a BMS-like supertranslation in the static patch of de Sitter spacetime. We also show a diffeomorphism that corresponds to gravitational memory in the Poincare/cosmological patch. Our method does not need to assume the separation between the source and the detector to be small compared with the Hubble radius, and can potentially be applicable to other Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universes, as well as “ordinary memory” mediated by massive messenger particles.

The Advanced LIGO observatories detected gravitational waves from two binary black hole mergers during their first observation run (O1). We present a high-energy neutrino follow-up search for the second gravitational wave event, GW151226, as well as for gravitational wave candidate LVT151012. We find two and four neutrino candidates detected by IceCube, and one and zero detected by Antares, within $\pm 500\mathrm{s}$ around the respective gravitational wave signals, consistent with the expected background rate. None of these neutrino candidates are found to be directionally coincident with GW151226 or LVT151012. We use nondetection to constrain isotropic-equivalent high-energy neutrino emission from GW151226, adopting the GW event’s 3D localization, to less than $2\times 10^{51}–2\times 10^{54}\mathrm{erg}$.

After the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GW), detection of the stochastic background of GWs is an important next step, and the first GW event suggests that it is within the reach of the second-generation ground-based GW detectors. Such a GW signal is typically tiny and can be detected by cross-correlating the data from two spatially separated detectors if the detector noise is uncorrelated. It has been advocated, however, that the global magnetic fields in the Earth-ionosphere cavity produce the environmental disturbances at low-frequency bands, known as Schumann resonances, which potentially couple with GW detectors. In this paper, we present a simple analytical model to estimate its impact on the detection of stochastic GWs. The model crucially depends on the geometry of the detector pair through the directional coupling, and we investigate the basic properties of the correlated magnetic noise based on the analytic expressions. The model reproduces the major trend of the recently measured global correlation between the GW detectors via magnetometer. The estimated values of the impact of correlated noise also match those obtained from the measurement. Finally, we give an implication to the detection of stochastic GWs including upcoming detectors, KAGRA and LIGO India. The model suggests that LIGO Hanford-Virgo and Virgo-KAGRA pairs are possibly less sensitive to the correlated noise and can achieve a better sensitivity to the stochastic GW signal in the most pessimistic case.

We use holography to study a ($1+1$)-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) coupled to an impurity. The CFT is an $SU(N)$ gauge theory at large $N$, with strong gauge interactions. The impurity is an $SU(N)$ spin. We trigger an impurity renormalization group (RG) flow via a Kondo coupling. The Kondo effect occurs only below the critical temperature of a large-$N$ mean-field transition. We show that at all temperatures $T$, impurity spectral functions exhibit a Fano resonance, which in the low-$T$ phase is a large-$N$ manifestation of the Kondo resonance. We thus provide an example in which the Kondo resonance survives strong correlations, and uncover a novel mechanism for generating Fano resonances, via RG flows between ($0+1$)-dimensional fixed points.

We complete the construction of the sphaleron $\widehat{S}$ in $SU(3)$ Yang-Mills-Higgs theory with a single Higgs triplet by solving the reduced field equations numerically. The energy of the $SU(3)$ sphaleron $\widehat{S}$ is found to be of the same order as the energy of a previously known solution, the embedded $SU(2)\times U(1)$ sphaleron $S$. In addition, we discuss $\widehat{S}$ in an extended $SU(3)$ Yang-Mills-Higgs theory with three Higgs triplets, where all eight gauge bosons get an equal mass in the vacuum. This extended $SU(3)$ Yang-Mills-Higgs theory may be considered as a toy model of quantum chromodynamics without quark fields and we conjecture that the $\widehat{S}$ gauge fields play a significant role in the nonperturbative dynamics of quantum chromodynamics (which does not have fundamental scalar fields but gets a mass scale from quantum effects).

Isotope shifts of transition frequencies in atoms constrain generic long- and intermediate-range interactions. We focus on new physics scenarios that can be most strongly constrained by King linearity violation such as models with $B-L$ vector bosons, the Higgs portal, and chameleon models. With the anticipated precision, King linearity violation has the potential to set the strongest laboratory bounds on these models in some regions of parameter space. Furthermore, we show that this method can probe the couplings relevant for the protophobic interpretation of the recently reported Be anomaly. We extend the formalism to include an arbitrary number of transitions and isotope pairs and fit the new physics coupling to the currently available isotope shift measurements.

The Feynman-Hellmann theorem can be derived from the long Euclidean-time limit of correlation functions determined with functional derivatives of the partition function. Using this insight, we fully develop an improved method for computing matrix elements of external currents utilizing only two-point correlation functions. Our method applies to matrix elements of any external bilinear current, including nonzero momentum transfer, flavor-changing, and two or more current insertion matrix elements. The ability to identify and control all the systematic uncertainties in the analysis of the correlation functions stems from the unique time dependence of the ground-state matrix elements and the fact that all excited states and contact terms are Euclidean-time dependent. We demonstrate the utility of our method with a calculation of the nucleon axial charge using gradient-flowed domain-wall valence quarks on the $N_f=2+1+1$ MILC highly improved staggered quark ensemble with lattice spacing and pion mass of approximately 0.15 fm and 310 MeV respectively. We show full control over excited-state systematics with the new method and obtain a value of $g_A=1.213(26)$ with a quark-mass-dependent renormalization coefficient.

We employ the chiral quark-soliton model to describe excited baryons with one heavy quark. Identifying known charmed baryons with multiplets allowed by the model, we argue that apart from regular excitations of the ground-state multiplets, two out of five narrow ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_c^0$ states, recently reported by the LHCb Collaboration, may correspond to the exotic pentaquarks. This interpretation can be easily verified experimentally, since exotic ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_c^0$ states—contrary to the regular excitations—form isospin triplets rather than singlets.

We compute the four-loop contributions to the photon quark and Higgs quark form factors involving two closed fermion loops. We present analytical results for all nonplanar master integrals of the two nonplanar integral families which enter our calculation.