We propose a minimally extended gauge symmetry model with $U(1{)}_R$, where only the right-handed fermions have nonzero charges in the fermion sector. To achieve both anomaly cancellations and minimality, three right-handed neutrinos are naturally required, and the standard model Higgs has to have nonzero charge under this symmetry. Then we find that its breaking scale($\mathrm{\Lambda }$) is restricted by precise measurement of neutral gauge boson in the standard model; therefore, $\mathcal{O}(10)\mathrm{TeV}\lesssim \mathrm{\Lambda }$. We also discuss its testability of the new gauge boson and discrimination of $U(1{)}_R$ model from $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ one at collider physics such as LHC and ILC.

Lepton flavor universality violating $B\to K\ell \ell$ and $K^{*}\ell \ell$ decays tentatively observed by LHCb can be explained by leptoquark exchange. We explore a simple model for the $B$ anomalies with a composite leptoquark from new strong dynamics at the TeV scale, a confining SU($N_{HC}$) hypercolor interaction. The new matter fields, fundamentals under $\mathrm{SU}(N_{HC})$, are heavy vectorlike fermions $\mathrm{\Psi }$, $S$, and an inert scalar doublet $\varphi$. $\mathrm{\Psi }$ is colored under QCD while $S$ is neutral, and the hyperbaryon $S^N$ is an asymmetric dark matter candidate. The model is tightly constrained by meson-antimeson oscillations, lepton flavor violation, and LHC searches for resonant production of the exotic bound states. The dark matter may be detectable through its magnetic dipole moment. If $m_S$ is sufficiently small, composite leptoquarks and heavy lepton partners can be pair-produced at an observable level at LHC.

We study the low scale predictions of the supersymmetric standard model extended by $U(1{)}_{B-L}\times U(1{)}_R$ symmetry, obtained from $SO(10)$ breaking via a left-right supersymmetric model, imposing universal boundary conditions. Two singlet Higgs fields are responsible for the radiative $U(1{)}_{B-L}\times U(1{)}_R$ symmetry breaking, and a singlet fermion $S$ is introduced to generate neutrino masses through an inverse seesaw mechanism. The lightest neutralino or sneutrino emerge as dark matter candidates, with different low scale implications. We find that the composition of the neutralino lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) changes considerably depending on the neutralino LSP mass, from roughly half $U(1{)}_R$ bino, half minimal supersymmetric model (MSSM) bino, to a singlet higgsino, or completely dominated by the MSSM higgsino. The sneutrino LSP is statistically much less likely, and when it occurs it is a 50-50 mixture of right-handed sneutrino and the scalar $\tilde{S}$. Most of the solutions consistent with the relic density constraint survive the XENON 1T exclusion curve for both LSP cases. We compare the two scenarios and investigate parameter space points and find consistency with the muon anomalous magnetic moment only at the edge of a $2\sigma$ deviation from the measured value. However, we find that the sneutrino LSP solutions could be ruled out completely by the strict reinforcement of the recent $Z^{\prime }$ mass bounds. We finally discuss collider prospects for testing the model.

Using the approach developed by V. Azcoiti et al. [Phys. Lett. B 563, 117 (2003)], we are able to reconstruct the behavior of the massive one-flavor Schwinger model with a $\theta$ term and a quantized topological charge. We calculate the full dependence of the order parameter with $\theta$. Our results at $\theta =\pi$ are compatible with Coleman’s conjecture on the phase diagram of this model.

We present the first direct determination of meson-baryon resonance parameters from a scattering amplitude calculated using lattice QCD. In particular, we calculate the elastic $I=3/2$, $p$-wave nucleon-pion amplitude on a single ensemble of $N_{\mathrm{f}}=2+1$ Wilson-clover fermions with $m_{\pi }=280\mathrm{MeV}$ and $m_K=460\mathrm{MeV}$. At these quark masses, the $\mathrm{\Delta }(1232)$ resonance pole is found close to the $N-\pi$ threshold and a Breit-Wigner fit to the amplitude gives $g_{\mathrm{\Delta }N\pi }^{\mathrm{BW}}=19.0(4.7)$ in agreement with phenomenological determinations.

Recently, the Belle Collaboration has reported the measurement of the spin-flipping transition $\mathrm{\Upsilon }(4S)\to h_b(1P)\eta$ with an unexpectedly large branching ratio: $\mathcal{B}(\mathrm{\Upsilon }(4S)\to h_b(1P)\eta )=(2.18\pm 0.11\pm 0.18)\times {10}^{-3}$. Such a large branching fraction contradicts with the anticipated suppression for the spin flip. In this work, we examine the effects induced by intermediate bottomed meson loops and point out that these effects are significantly important. Using the effective Lagrangian approach (ELA), we find the experimental data on $\mathrm{\Upsilon }(4S)\to h_b(1P)\eta$ can be accommodated with the reasonable inputs. We then explore the decays $\mathrm{\Upsilon }(5S,6S)\to h_b(1P)\eta$ and find that these two channels also have sizable branching fractions. We also calculate these processes in the framework of nonrelativistic effective field theory (NREFT). For the decays $\mathrm{\Upsilon }(4S)\to h_b(1P)\eta$, the NREFT results are at the same order of magnitude but smaller than the ELA results by a factor of 2 to 5. For the decays $\mathrm{\Upsilon }(5S,6S)\to h_b(1P)\eta$, the NREFT results are smaller than the ELA results by approximately 1 order of magnitude. We suggest a future experiment Belle-II to search for the $\mathrm{\Upsilon }(5S,6S)\to h_b(1P)\eta$ decays, which will be helpful for understanding the transition mechanism.

We have studied the $J/\psi \varphi$ mass distribution of the $B^{+}\to J/\psi \varphi K^{+}$ reaction from threshold to about 4250 MeV, and find that one needs the contribution of the $X(4140)$ with a narrow width, together with the $X(4160)$ which accounts for most of the strength of the distribution in that region. The existence of a clear cusp at the $D_s^{*}{\overline{D}}_s^{*}$ threshold indicates that the $X(4160)$ resonance is strongly tied to the $D_s^{*}{\overline{D}}_s^{*}$ channel, which finds a natural interpretation in the molecular picture of this resonance.

The spin asymmetries in SIDIS associated with $T$-odd TMDs are presented in a light-front quark-diquark model of a proton. To incorporate the effects of the final-state interaction, the light front wave functions are modified to have a phase factor which is essential to have Sivers or Boer-Mulders functions. The Sivers and Boer-Mulder asymmetries are compared with HERMES and COMPASS data.

Using the effective Lagrangian approach, we examine the recently observed charm states $D_J^{*}(2460)$, $D_J(2560)$, $D_J(2740)$, $D_J(3000)$, and their spin partners $D_J^{*}(2680)$, $D_J^{*}(2760)$, and $D_J^{*}(3000)$ with $J^P$ states $1P_{\frac{3}{2}}{2}^{+}$, $2S_{\frac{1}{2}}{0}^{-}$, $1D_{\frac{5}{2}}{2}^{-}$, $2P_{\frac{1}{2}}{1}^{+}$, and $2S_{\frac{1}{2}}{1}^{-}$, $1D_{\frac{5}{2}}{3}^{-}$, $2P_{\frac{1}{2}}{0}^{+}$ respectively. We study their two body strong decays, coupling constants and branching ratios with the emission of light pseudo-scalar mesons $(\pi ,\eta ,K)$. We also analyze the newly observed charm state $D_2^{*}(3000)$ and suggest it to be either $1F(2^{+})$ or $2P(2^{+})$ state and justify one of them to be the most favorable assignment for $D_2^{*}(3000)$. We study the partial and the total decay width of unobserved states $D(1{{}^{1}F}_3)$, $D_s(1{{}^{1}F}_3)$ and $D_s(1{{}^{1}F}_2)$ as the spin and the strange partners of the $D_2^{*}(3000)$ charmed meson. The branching ratios and the coupling constants $g_{TH}$, ${\tilde{g}}_{HH}$, $g_{YH}$, ${\tilde{g}}_{SH}$, and $g_{ZH}$ calculated in this work can be confronted with the future experimental data.

The hybrid model for electroweak single-pion production (SPP) off the nucleon, presented by González-Jiménez et al. [Phys. Rev. D 95, 113007 (2017)], is extended here to the case of incoherent pion-production on the nucleus. Combining a low-energy model with a Regge approach, this model provides valid predictions in the entire energy region of interest for current and future accelerator-based neutrino-oscillation experiments. The relativistic mean-field model is used for the description of the bound nucleons while the outgoing hadrons are considered as plane waves. This approach, known as the relativistic plane-wave impulse approximation (RPWIA), is a first step towards the development of more sophisticated models; it is also a test of our current understanding of the elementary reaction. We focus on the charged-current $\nu (\overline{\nu })$-nucleus interaction at MiniBooNE and MINERvA kinematics. The effect on the cross sections of the final-state interactions, which affect the outgoing hadrons on their way out of the nucleus, is judged by comparing our results with those from the NuWro Monte Carlo event generator. We find that the hybrid-RPWIA predictions largely underestimate the MiniBooNE data. In the case of MINERvA, our results fall below the $\nu$-induced $1{\pi }^0$ production data, while a better agreement is found for $\nu$-induced $1{\pi }^{+}$ and $\overline{\nu }$-induced $1{\pi }^0$ production.

We present the measurement of the absolute branching fractions of $B^{+}\to X_{c\overline{c}}{K}^{+}$ and $B^{+}\to {\overline{D}}^{(*)0}{\pi }^{+}$ decays, using a data sample of $772\times {10}^{6}B\overline{B}$ pairs collected at the $\mathrm{\Upsilon }(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collider. Here, $X_{c\overline{c}}$ denotes ${\eta }_c$, $J/\psi$, ${\chi }_{c0}$, ${\chi }_{c1}$, ${\eta }_c(2S)$, $\psi (2S)$, $\psi (3770)$, $X(3872)$, and $X(3915)$. We do not observe significant signals for $X(3872)$ or $X(3915)$ and set the 90% confidence level upper limits at $\mathcal{B}(B^{+}\to X(3872)K^{+})<2.6\times {10}^{-4}$ and $\mathcal{B}(B^{+}\to X(3915)K^{+})<2.8\times {10}^{-4}$. These represent the most stringent upper limit for $\mathcal{B}(B^{+}\to X(3872)K^{+})$ to date and the first limit for $\mathcal{B}(B^{+}\to X(3915)K^{+})$. The measured branching fractions for ${\eta }_c$ and ${\eta }_c(2S)$ are the most precise to date, $\mathcal{B}(B^{+}\to {\eta }_c{K}^{+})=(12.0\pm 0.8\pm 0.7)\times {10}^{-4}$ and $\mathcal{B}(B^{+}\to {\eta }_c(2S)K^{+})=(4.8\pm 1.1\pm 0.3)\times {10}^{-4}$, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.

We study chiral symmetry restoration and quark deconfinement beyond the mean field approximation in a magnetized PNJL model. The feedback from mesons to quarks modifies the quark coupling constant and Polyakov potential. As a result, the separate critical temperatures for the two phase transitions at the mean field level coincide, and the magnetic catalysis becomes an inverse magnetic catalysis when the meson contribution is included.

We search for $CP$ violation in the charged charm meson decay $D^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^0$, based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $921{\mathrm{fb}}^{-1}$ collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ asymmetric-energy collider. The measured $CP$-violating asymmetry is $[+2.31\pm 1.24(\mathrm{stat})\pm 0.23(\mathrm{syst})]\%$, which is consistent with the standard model prediction and has a significantly improved precision compared to previous results.

In the context of quantum gravity, we clarify entanglement calculations on spin networks: we distinguish the gauge-invariant entanglement between intertwiners located at the nodes and the entanglement between spin states located on the network’s links. We compute explicitly these two notions of entanglement between neighboring nodes and show that they are always related to the typical $\ln (2j+1)$ term depending on the spin $j$ living on the link between them. This $\ln (2j+1)$ contribution comes from looking at nongauge-invariant states; thus we interpret it as gauge breaking and unphysical. In particular, this confirms that pure spin network basis states do not carry any physical entanglement, so that true entanglement and correlations in loop quantum gravity comes from spin or intertwiner superpositions.

We investigate, in the framework of the linearized quantum gravity and the leading-order perturbation theory, the quantum correction to the classical Newtonian interaction between a pair of gravitationally polarizable objects in the presence of both Neumann and Dirichlet boundaries. We obtain general results for the interaction potential and find that the presence of a boundary always strengthens in the leading order the interaction as compared with the case in absence of boundaries. But different boundaries yield a different degree of strengthening. In the limit when one partner of the pair is placed very close to the Neumann boundary, the interaction potential is larger when the pair is parallel with the boundary than when it is perpendicular to it, which is just opposite to the case when the boundary is Dirichlet where the latter is larger than the former. In addition, we find that the pair-boundary separation dependence of the higher-order correction term is determined by the orientation of the pair with respect to boundary, with the parallel case giving a quadratic behavior and the perpendicular case a linear one.

The Hawking effect is one of the most extensively studied topics in modern physics, yet it remains relatively underexplored within the framework of canonical quantization. The key difficulty lies in the fact that the Hawking effect is principally understood using the relation between the ingoing modes which leave past null infinity and the outgoing modes which arrive at future null infinity. Naturally, these modes are described using advanced and retarded null coordinates instead of the usual Schwarzschild coordinates. However, null coordinates do not lead to a true Hamiltonian that describes the evolution of these modes. In order to overcome these hurdles in a canonical formulation, we introduce here a set of near-null coordinates which allows one to perform an exact Hamiltonian-based derivation of the Hawking effect. This derivation opens up an avenue to explore the Hawking effect using different canonical quantization methods such as polymer quantization.

We consider the theory space as a manifold whose coordinates are given by the couplings appearing in the Wilson action. We discuss how to introduce connections on this theory space. A particularly intriguing connection can be defined directly from the solution of the exact renormalization group (ERG) equation. We advocate a geometric viewpoint that lets us define straightforwardly physically relevant quantities invariant under the changes of a renormalization scheme.

We describe a procedure naturally associating relativistic Klein-Gordon equations in static curved spacetimes to nonrelativistic quantum motion on curved spaces in the presence of a potential. Our procedure is particularly attractive in application to (typically, superintegrable) problems whose energy spectrum is given by a quadratic function of the energy level number, since for such systems the spacetimes one obtains possess evenly spaced, resonant spectra of frequencies for scalar fields of a certain mass. This construction emerges as a generalization of the previously studied correspondence between the Higgs oscillator and anti–de Sitter spacetime, which has been useful for both understanding weakly nonlinear dynamics in anti–de Sitter spacetime and algebras of conserved quantities of the Higgs oscillator. Our conversion procedure (“Klein-Gordonization”) reduces to a nonlinear elliptic equation closely reminiscent of the one emerging in relation to the celebrated Yamabe problem of differential geometry. As an illustration, we explicitly demonstrate how to apply this procedure to superintegrable Rosochatius systems, resulting in a large family of spacetimes with resonant spectra for massless wave equations.

We derive explicit expressions for the two-point function of a massless scalar field in the interior region of a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole, in both the Unruh and the Hartle-Hawking quantum states. The two-point function is expressed in terms of the standard $lm\omega$ modes of the scalar field (those associated with a spherical harmonic $Y_{lm}$ and a temporal mode $e^{-i\omega t}$), which can be conveniently obtained by solving an ordinary differential equation, the radial equation. These explicit expressions are the internal analogs of the well-known results in the external region (originally derived by Christensen and Fulling), in which the two-point function outside the black hole is written in terms of the external $lm\omega$ modes of the field. They allow the computation of $⟨{\mathrm{\Phi }}^2{⟩}_{\mathrm{ren}}$ and the renormalized stress-energy tensor inside the black hole, after the radial equation has been solved (usually numerically). In the second part of the paper, we provide an explicit expression for the trace of the renormalized stress-energy tensor of a minimally coupled massless scalar field (which is nonconformal), relating it to the d’Alembertian of $⟨{\mathrm{\Phi }}^2{⟩}_{\mathrm{ren}}$. This expression proves itself useful in various calculations of the renormalized stress-energy tensor.