We consider a continuous-variable quantum teleportation protocol between a uniformly accelerated sender in the right Rindler wedge, a conformal receiver restricted to the future light cone, and an inertial observer in the Minkowski vacuum. Using a nonperturbative quantum circuit model, the accelerated observer interacts unitarily with the Rindler modes of the field, thereby accessing entanglement of the vacuum as a resource. We find that a Rindler-displaced Minkowski vacuum state prepared and teleported by the accelerated observer appears mixed according to the inertial observer, despite a reduction of the quadrature variances below classical limits. This is a surprising result, since the same state transmitted directly from the accelerated observer appears as a pure coherent state to the inertial observer. The decoherence of the state is caused by an interplay of opposing effects as the acceleration increases: the reduction of vacuum noise in the output state for a stronger entanglement resource, constrained by the amplification of thermal noise due to the presence of Unruh radiation.

Searches for dark matter sector field imprints on the astrophysical phenomena are one of the most active branches of the current researches. Using numerical methods, we elaborate the influence of dark matter on the emergence of black hole hair and formation of boson stars. We explore thermodynamics of different states of the system in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar dark matter theory with box boundary conditions. Finally, we find that the presence of dark sector within the system diminishes a chance of formation of scalar hair around a black hole.

Some judiciously chosen local curvature scalars can be used to invariantly characterize event horizons of black holes in $D>3$ dimensions, but they fail for the three dimensional Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole since all curvature invariants are constant. Here we provide an invariant characterization of the event horizon of the BTZ black hole using the curvature invariants of codimension one hypersurfaces instead of the full spacetime. Our method is also applicable to black holes in generic dimensions but is most efficient in three, four, and five dimensions. We give four dimensional Kerr, five dimensional Myers-Perry and three dimensional warped-anti–de Sitter, and the three dimensional asymptotically flat black holes as examples.

The existence of closed null circular geodesics around black holes is one of the most intriguing predictions of general relativity. It has recently been conjectured that the radii of black-hole photonspheres are bounded from below by the simple relation $r_{\mathrm{ph}}\ge \frac{3}{2}{r}_{\mathrm{H}}$, where $r_{\mathrm{H}}$ is the radius of the outer black-hole horizon. We here prove the validity of this conjecture for spherically symmetric hairy black-hole configurations whose radial pressure function $P\equiv |r^{3}p|$ decreases monotonically.

We numerically study the decay of cosmic global string loops due to radiation of Goldstone bosons and massive scalar ($\chi$) particles. The length of loops we study range from 200 to 1000 times the width of the string core. We find that the lifetime of a loop is $\approx 1.4L$. The energy spectrum of Goldstone boson radiation has a $k^{-1}$ falloff, where $k$ is the wave number, and a sharp peak at $k\approx m_{\chi }/2$, where $m_{\chi }$ is the mass of $\chi$. The latter is a new feature and implies a peak at high energies (MeV-GeV) in the cosmological distribution of QCD axions.

We put forward a new bottom-up AdS/QCD holographic model bearing a distinct treatment of the pion fields. We argue that a standard approach to the pion description is neither transparent nor totally satisfactory. In the paper we provide a new one based on a broadened realization of some holographic principles. The reasoning and the effect of these modifications are explained in detail. The resulting model has a different set of parameters than the standard AdS/QCD case. We use them to calculate an extensive list of QCD quantities and find a rather good agreement with the experimental data.

The first image of a black hole in the M87 galaxy taken by the Event Horizon Telescope shows that directed observation of supermassive black holes would be a promising way to test general relativity in strong gravity field regime. In order to calculate the shadow of rotating black holes with respect to observers located at finite distance, orthonormal tetrads have been introduced in previous works. However, it is noticed that a different choice of tetrads does not lead to the same shape of shadow for observers in near regions. In this paper, we alternatively use the formula of astrometric observables for calculating the shadow of a general rotating black hole with respect to these observers. For the sake of intuition, we also consider Kerr-de Sitter black holes as a representative example. In this space-time, size and shape of Kerr-de Sitter black hole shadows are expressed as functions of distance between the black hole and observer. It is forecasted that the distortion of the shadow would increase with distance.

The main part of this work is to present a formula allowing a derivation of the Schwarzschild black hole entropy in arbitrary dimension. More generally, this Cardy-like formula applies for static black holes whose gravitational entropy scales as a power $\alpha$ of the temperature, and is also effective for negative heat capacity solutions $\alpha <0$. The formula involves the scaling power $\alpha$, the black hole mass and the energy of a gravitational soliton. The robustness of this formula is verified in the most famous example of solution with negative heat capacity, namely the Schwarzschild black hole. The mass of the Schwarzschild regular soliton is computed using the counterterm method for asymptotically flat spacetimes. Corrections of the black hole entropy of the order of logarithm of the area are shown to arise for dimensions strictly greater than 4.

We present zoom-in simulations of fuzzy dark matter (FDM) halos including baryons and star formation with sufficient resolution to follow the formation and evolution of central solitons. We find that their properties are determined by the local dark matter velocity dispersion in the combined dark matter-baryon gravitational potential. This motivates a simple prescription to estimate the radial density profiles of FDM cores in the presence of baryons. As cores become more massive and compact if baryons are included, galactic rotation curve measurements are likely harder to reconcile with FDM.

The baryon acoustic oscillations feature (BAO) imprinted in the clustering correlation function is known to furnish us cosmic distance determinations that are independent of the cosmological-background model and the primordial perturbation parameters. These measurements can be accomplished rigorously by means of the purely geometric BAO methods. To date two different purely geometric BAO approaches have been proposed. The first exploits the linear-point standard ruler. The second, called correlation-function model-fitting, exploits the sound-horizon standard ruler. A key difference between them is that, when estimated from clustering data, the linear point makes use of a cosmological-model-independent procedure to extract the ratio of the ruler to the cosmic distance, while the correlation-function model-fitting relies on a phenomenological cosmological model for the correlation function. Nevertheless the two rulers need to be precisely defined independently of any specific observable (e.g., the BAO). We define the linear point and sound horizon and we fully characterize and compare the two rulers’ cosmological-parameter dependence. We find that they are both geometrical (i.e., independent of the primordial cosmological parameters) within the required accuracy, and that they have the same parameter dependence for a wide range of parameter values. We estimate the rulers’ best-fit values and errors, given the cosmological constraints obtained by the Planck Satellite team from their measurements of the cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization anisotropies. We do this for three different cosmological models encompassed by the purely geometric BAO methods. In each case we find that the relative errors of the two rulers coincide and they are insensitive to the assumed cosmological model. Interestingly both the linear point and the sound horizon shift by $0.5\sigma$ when we do not fix the spatial geometry to be flat in $\mathrm{\Lambda }\mathrm{CDM}$. This points toward a sensitivity of the rulers to different cosmological models when they are estimated from the cosmic microwave background.

The ACE-CRIS Collaboration has recently released the measurement of radioactive ${}^{60}\mathrm{Fe}$ nuclei abundance in Galactic cosmic rays, in the energy range $\sim 195–500\mathrm{MeV}$ per nucleon. We model cosmic ray propagation and derive from this measurement the ${}^{60}\mathrm{Fe}/{}^{56}\mathrm{Fe}$ ratio that is expected in the sources of Galactic cosmic rays. We describe cosmic ray origin and transport within the framework of the disk/halo diffusion model, namely a scenario in which the matter and the cosmic ray sources in our Galaxy are confined to a thin disk, while cosmic ray propagation occurs in a much larger halo with negligible matter density. We solve the cosmic ray transport equation accounting for spallation reactions, decay and ionization losses as well as advection. We find that the ${}^{60}\mathrm{Fe}/{}^{56}\mathrm{Fe}$ ratio at the source must be very close to the value detected in the local cosmic ray spectrum at Earth, due to the fact that spallation reactions are more effective for ${}^{56}\mathrm{Fe}$ than for ${}^{60}\mathrm{Fe}$. Such a result could help identify the sources of Galactic cosmic rays.

The design of a complex instrument such as Einstein Telescope (ET) is based on a target sensitivity derived from an elaborate case for scientific exploration. At the same time it incorporates many trade-off decisions to maximize the scientific value by balancing the performance of the various subsystems against the cost of the installation and operation. In this paper we discuss the impact of a long signal recycling cavity (SRC) on the quantum noise performance. We show the reduction in sensitivity due to a long SRC for an ET high-frequency interferometer, provide details on possible compensations schemes and suggest a reduction of the SRC length. We also recall details of the trade-off between the length and optical losses for filter cavities, and show the strict requirements for an ET low-frequency interferometer. Finally, we present an alternative filter cavity design for an ET low-frequency interferometer making use of a coupled cavity, and discuss the advantages of the design in this context.

We present a simple version of hadron-quark hybrid (HQH) model in the ${\mu }_B\text{−}T$ plain, where $T$ is temperature and ${\mu }_B$ is the baryon-number chemical potential. The model is composed of the independent-quark model for quark-gluon states and an improved version of excluded-volume hadron resonance gas (EV-HRG) model for hadronic states. In the improved version of EV-HRG, the pressure has charge conjugation and is obtained by a simple analytic form. The switching function from hadron states to quark-gluon states in the present model has no chemical potential dependence. The simple HQH model is successful in reproducing LQCD results on the transition region of chiral crossover and the EoS in ${\mu }_B\le 400\mathrm{MeV}$. We then predict the chiral-crossover region in $400\le {\mu }_B\le 800\mathrm{MeV}$. We also predict a transition line derived from isentropic trajectories in $0\le {\mu }_B\le 800\mathrm{MeV}$ and find that the effect of strangeness neutrality is small there.

We present a systematic comparison of doubly charged Higgs boson production mechanisms at hadron colliders in the context of the type II seesaw model, emphasizing the importance of higher-order corrections and subdominant channels. We consider the Drell-Yan channel at next-to-leading order in QCD, photon fusion at leading order, gluon fusion with resummation of threshold logarithms up to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy, and same-sign weak boson fusion at next-to-leading order in QCD. For the Drell-Yan process, we study the impact of a static jet veto at next-to-leading order matched to the resummation of jet veto scale logarithms at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. For the photon fusion channel, the dependence on modeling photon parton distribution functions is definitively assessed. To model vector boson fusion at next-to-leading order, we include all interfering topologies at $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }^4)$ and propose a method for introducing generator-level cuts within the MC@NLO formalism. Our results are obtained using a Monte Carlo tool chain linking the feynrules, nloct and madgraph5_amc@nlo programs and have necessitated the development of new, publicly available, Universal feynrules Output libraries that encode the interactions between the type II seesaw scalars and Standard Model particles. Libraries are compatible with both the normal and inverted ordering of Majorana neutrino masses.

We introduce a potentially powerful new method of searching for new physics at the LHC, using autoencoders and unsupervised deep learning. The key idea of the autoencoder is that it learns to map “normal” events back to themselves, but fails to reconstruct “anomalous” events that it has never encountered before. The reconstruction error can then be used as an anomaly threshold. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this idea using QCD jets as background and boosted top jets and R-parity violating (RPV) gluino jets as signal. We show that a deep autoencoder can significantly improve signal over background when trained on backgrounds only, or even directly on data which contain a small admixture of signal. Finally, we examine the correlation of the autoencoders with jet mass and show how the jet mass distribution can be stable against cuts in reconstruction loss. This may be important for estimating QCD backgrounds from data. As a test case, we show how one could plausibly discover 400 GeV RPV gluinos using an autoencoder combined with a bump hunt in jet mass. This opens up the exciting possibility of training directly on actual data to discover new physics with no prior expectations or theory prejudice.

Knowledge of parton distribution functions (PDFs) at large momentum fraction $x$ is not only important to study the flavor and spin dynamics of quarks in the nucleon, but also to search for signals of new physics at collider experiments. It is well known now that the nonperturbative QCD effects generally play a more significant role at such kinematic regions. In this work, we present an open-source QCD analysis of PDFs considering target mass corrections (TMCs) and higher-twist (HT) effects which are necessary when the analysis includes also data points from deep inelastic scattering (DIS) with larger values of $x$ and smaller values of photon virtuality $Q^2$. To this aim, we use the xFitter package, as a comprehensive and powerful tool for studying PDFs. We report and discuss our recent activities on the implementation of TMCs and HT effects in the xFitter framework in a user-friendly way, so that the user can switch on or off them, and also choose between different options. We check the validity of the modifications by performing sample analyses of PDFs considering TMCs and HT effects and using a wide range of DIS data.

Right-handed (RH) Majorana neutrinos play a crucial role in understanding the origin of neutrino mass, the nature of dark matter and the mechanism of matter-antimatter asymmetry. In this work, we investigate the observability of heavy Majorana neutrino through the top quark neutrinoless double beta decay process $t\to b{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{+}jj$ at hadron colliders. By performing detector level simulation, we demonstrate that our method can give stronger limits on the light-heavy neutrino mixing parameters $|V_{eN,\mu N}|$ in the mass range of $15\mathrm{GeV}<m_N<80\mathrm{GeV}$ than other existing collider bounds.

We develop further the codim-2 future-past extremal surfaces stretching between the future and past boundaries in de Sitter space, discussed in previous work. We first make more elaborate the construction of such surfaces anchored at more general subregions of the future boundary, and stretching to equivalent subregions at the past boundary. These top-bottom symmetric future-past extremal surfaces cannot penetrate beyond a certain limiting surface in the northern/southern diamond regions: the boundary subregions become the whole boundary for this limiting surface. For multiple disjoint subregions, this construction leads to mutual information vanishing and strong subadditivity being saturated. We then discuss an effective codim-1 envelope surface arising from these codim-2 surfaces. This leads to analogs of the entanglement wedge and subregion duality for these future-past extremal surfaces in de Sitter space.

We use a holographic description of technicolor dynamics to study gauge theories that only break chiral symmetry when aided by a strong four fermion interaction. These Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) assisted technicolor models provide examples of different dynamics from walking technicolor which can, by tuning, generate a light Higgs like $\sigma$ meson. We compute the vector meson ($\rho$) and axial vector meson (A) spectrum for a variety of models with techniquarks in the fundamental representation, enlarging the available parameter space over a previous analysis of walking theories. These predictions determine the parameter space of a low energy effective description where LHC constraints from dilepton channels have already been applied. Many of the models with low numbers of electroweak doublets still lie beyond current constraints and motivate exploration of new signatures beyond dilepton for LHC and a 100 TeV proton collider.

We study a number of supersymmetric solutions in the form of $Mk{w}_3\times S^3$- and ${\mathrm{AdS}}_3\times S^3$-sliced domain walls in the maximal gauged supergravity in seven dimensions. These solutions require nonvanishing three-form fluxes to support the ${\mathrm{AdS}}_3$ and $S^3$ subspaces. We consider solutions with $SO(4)$, $SO(3)$, $SO(2)\times SO(2)$, and $SO(2)$ symmetries in $CSO(p,q,5-p-q)$, $CSO(p,q,4-p-q)$, and $SO(2,1)⋉{\mathbf{R}}^4$ gauge groups. All of these solutions can be analytically obtained. For $SO(5)$ and $CSO(4,0,1)$ gauge groups, the complete truncation ansatze in terms of 11-dimensional supergravity on $S^4$ and type IIA theory on $S^3$ are known. We give the full uplifted solutions to 11 and 10 dimensions in this case. The solutions with an ${\mathrm{AdS}}_3\times S^3$ slice are interpreted as two-dimensional surface defects in six-dimensional $N=(2,0)$ superconformal field theory in the case of $SO(5)$ gauge group or $N=(2,0)$ nonconformal field theories for other gauge groups. For $SO(4)$ symmetric solutions, it is possible to find solutions with both the three-form fluxes and the $SO(3)$ gauge fields turned on. However, in this case, the solutions can be found only numerically. For $SO(3)$ symmetric solutions, the three-form fluxes and $SO(3)$ gauge fields cannot be nonvanishing simultaneously.