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Anomalous spontaneous induction of magnetic and electric fields in dense quark matter

E. J. Ferrer and J. M. Perez-Fernandez

Phys. Rev. D 113, 036023 – Published 24 February, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ykdr-nwcy

Abstract

In this paper, we will demonstrate that a dense quark-matter system in the dual chiral density wave (DCDW) phase behaves as a ferromagnet in the sense that its magnetic-field dependent magnetization remains different from zero even at B→0. The corresponding permanent magnetization is a function of the baryonic chemical potential μ, decreasing up to zero as μ increases in the range of intermediate densities (312  MeV⩽μ⩽342  MeV) and then increasing from zero in the higher density interval 490  MeV⩽μ⩽550  MeV. We will show that this system’s ability to generate permanent magnetization, together with the existence of the axial anomaly, open up the possibility of spontaneously generating a magnetic field coupled to a collinear electric field. The generated magnetic field can reach values up to 1016  G, depending on μ, and the electric field will be 3 orders smaller. The fact that the DCDW phase is able to induce a magnetic field can be seen as its spontaneous tendency to remove the so called Landau-Peierls instability that is present in this single-modulated phase in the absence of a magnetic field. The spontaneous induction of a strong magnetic field at intermediate to high densities can be of interest for the astrophysics of compact stellar objects exhibiting strong magnetic fields as magnetars.

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