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  • Open Access

Exploring bottom-charmed molecular tetraquarks with the complex scaling method

Qing-Fu Song1,*, Wei Liang1, Qi-Fang Lü2,3,4,†, and Xiaonu Xiong1,‡

  • 1School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
  • 2Department of Physics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
  • 3Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Changsha 410081, China
  • 4Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China

  • *Contact author: 242201003@csu.edu.cn
  • †Contact author: lvqifang@hunnu.edu.cn
  • ‡Contact author: xnxiong@csu.edu.cn

Phys. Rev. D 113, 054001 – Published 2 March, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/xdrh-qw45

Abstract

In this work, we adopt the one-boson exchange model to analyze the D(s)(*)B(s)(*) interactions from a coupled-channel perspective. For the I(JP)=1(1+) DB*/D*B/D*B* system, employing the complex scaling method, we obtain a loosely bound state and two resonant states located below the DB*, D*B, and D*B* thresholds, respectively. Assuming that the charmoniumlike states Zc(3900) and Zc(4020), as well as the bottomoniumlike states Zb(10610) and Zb(10650), are molecular states near their respective thresholds, we suggest that the predicted states in the I(JP)=1(1+)D(*)B(*) system could be their bottom-charmed analogs. In addition, we extend our analysis to other D(s)(*)B(s)(*) combinations with various quantum numbers. Our results indicate that, besides the I(JP)=1(1+) channel, more molecular states with quantum numbers I(JP)=0(0+),0(1+),0(2+), and 1(0+) may also exist in the bottom-charmed sector. Compared with our earlier study of hidden-bottom systems [Phys. Rev. D 110, 074038 (2024)], where two bound states were obtained in the I(JP)=1(1+−) channel, the present work instead finds resonant states in the I(JP)=1(1+) sector. Moreover, while no molecular state with strangeness was identified in the previous hidden bottom systems, we now obtain molecular states near the Ds(*)Bs* threshold. Finally, we provide possible decay channels for future experimental searches, recommending the Bc/Bc* plus light mesons for bound states, and the D(s)(*)B(s)(*) channels for resonances.

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