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  • Open Access

Pentaquarks made of light quarks and their admixture to baryons

Nicholas Miesch*, Edward Shuryak†, and Ismail Zahed‡

  • Center for Nuclear Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794–3800, USA

  • *Contact author: nicholas.miesch@stonybrook.edu
  • †Contact author: edward.shuryak@stonybrook.edu
  • ‡Contact author: ismail.zahed@stonybrook.edu
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 074017 – Published 15 October, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/vdp9-mmbj

Abstract

This paper is a continuation of our studies of multiquark hadrons. The antisymmetrization of their wave functions required by Fermi statistics is nontrivial, as it mixes orbital, color, spin, and flavor structures. In our previous papers we developed a method to find them based on the representations of the permutation group, and derived the explicit wave functions for baryons excited to the first and second shells (L=1, 2), tetraquarks qqq¯q¯ and hexaquarks (6q). Now we apply it to light pentaquarks (qqqqq¯), in the S- and P-shells (L=0, 1). Using Jacobi coordinates, one can use the hyperdistance approximation in 12-dimensional space. We further address the issue of “unquenching” of baryons, by considering their mixing with pentaquarks, via two channels, through the addition of σ-like or π-like q¯q pairs. This mixing is central for understanding of the observed flavor asymmetry of the antiquark sea, the amount of orbital motion issue as well as other nucleon properties.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 074017– Published 15 October, 2025
  • Received 17 July 2025
  • Accepted 29 August 2025
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