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Generalized susceptibilities and the properties of charm degrees of freedom across the QCD crossover temperature

Olaf Kaczmarek1, Frithjof Karsch1, Peter Petreczky2, Christian Schmidt1, and Sipaz Sharma3 (HotQCD Collaboration)

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 034509 – Published 28 August, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/tz74-d3kh

Abstract

We study the generalized charm susceptibilities in 2+1 flavor QCD on the lattice at several lattice spacings. We show that, below the chiral crossover, these susceptibilities are well described by the hadron resonance gas (HRG) model if charmed hadrons not listed in tables of the Particle Data Group are included. However, the HRG description abruptly breaks down just above the chiral crossover. To understand this, we use a model for the charm pressure in which it is expressed as the sum of partial pressures from charmed baryons, charmed mesons, and charm quarks. We present continuum estimates of these partial pressures and find that, while the partial pressures of charmed mesons and baryons drop below their respective HRG predictions, the charm quark pressure becomes nonzero above the chiral crossover.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 034509– Published 28 August, 2025
  • Received 3 May 2025
  • Accepted 23 July 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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