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  • Open Access

Thermal properties of the scalar glueballs from holography

Ruixiang Chen1,*, Danning Li2,†, and Mei Huang1,‡

  • *Contact author: chenruixiang22@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • †Contact author: lidanning@jnu.edu.cn
  • ‡Contact author: huangmei@ucas.ac.cn
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 094021 – Published 12 November, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/r6qj-nbqs

Abstract

Based on a machine learning holographic QCD model, we construct a systematical framework to investigate the properties of the scalar glueballs continuously from zero temperature to finite temperature. By using both the quasinormal frequencies and the spectral functions, we extract the pole masses, thermal widths, screening masses and dispersion relation of the scalar glueballs in hot medium. It is shown that the pole masses almost remain the vacuum values at temperatures far below the critical temperature Tc, and then decrease with the increasing of temperature until a temperature lower than Tc. This result qualitatively agrees with earlier lattice simulations. While the pole masses increase monotonically above the critical temperature Tc, which agrees with recent lattice calculation. Meanwhile, it is shown that the thermal widths increase monotonically with temperature, which also agrees with the near Tc lattice simulations. The screening mass exhibits a similar temperature-dependent behavior to the pole mass, while the dispersion relation increasingly deviates from the relativistic one as the temperature rises. It is interesting to note that we obtain the imaginary corrections in the thermal correlators, which contains both the temperal and spatial information and might be helpful for the four-dimensional calculations. Furthermore, by comparing the quasinormal modes and the spectral functions, we note that it requires more careful analysis when applying the spectral functions in studying thermal hadrons from holography, since there could be other types of quasinormal modes which are not related with bound states while they may contribute to the peaks of the spectral functions.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 094021– Published 12 November, 2025
  • Received 10 August 2025
  • Accepted 24 October 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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