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Single pion resonant production in BSM scenarios: Cross sections and amplitudes

Jaime Hoefken Zink1,* and Maura E. Ramirez-Quezada2,3,†

  • *Contact author: jaime.hoefkenzink@ncbj.gov.pl
  • †Contact author: mramirez@uni-mainz.de
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Phys. Rev. D 111, 115013 – Published 13 June, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/qqs8-sz2l

Abstract

We present a comprehensive theoretical framework describing single pion resonant production through inelastic dark fermion-nucleon interactions mediated by resonances in the GeV-scale regime. Building upon the Rein-Sehgal approach, we derive differential cross sections for processes in which an incoming dark fermion scatters off a nucleon, exciting a resonance that subsequently decays into a nucleon and a pion. Our formulation accommodates various mediator types—namely, dark photons with vector and axial couplings, as well as scalar and pseudoscalar mediators—thereby extending the conventional approach that Rein, Sehgal, and Berger performed for neutrino interactions. Transition amplitudes for the nucleon-to-resonance conversion are computed using the relativistic harmonic-oscillator quark model from Feynman, Kislinger, and Ravndal, while a Breit-Wigner prescription is employed to incorporate finite resonance widths. This framework offers a useful tool for interpreting experimental data in dark sector and dark matter searches and represents a contribution to elucidate the possible role of resonances in GeV-scale phenomenology.

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Phys. Rev. D 111, 115013– Published 13 June, 2025
  • Received 11 March 2025
  • Accepted 30 May 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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