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  • Open Access

Lee Yang edge singularities of QCD in association with the Roberge-Weiss and chiral phase transitions

Zi-yan Wan1,*, Yi Lu1,†, Fei Gao2,‡, and Yu-xin Liu3,1,§

  • *Contact author: wanziyan@stu.pku.edu.cn
  • †Contact author: qwertylou@pku.edu.cn
  • ‡Contact author: fei.gao@bit.edu.cn
  • §Contact author: yxliu@pku.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 094007 – Published 5 November, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/p7y6-hq15

Abstract

We study the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase transitions in the complex chemical potential plane via the Dyson-Schwinger equation approach, incorporating a constant gluonic background field that represents the confining dynamics. We solve the quark gap equation and the background field equation self-consistently, which allows us to directly explore the confinement phase transition and furthermore, evaluate the impact of the back-coupling of confinement on chiral symmetry breaking. Moreover, within such a coupled framework toward the complex chemical potential region, we demonstrate the emergence of Roberge-Weiss (RW) symmetry and investigate the trajectory of Lee-Yang edge singularities (LYESs). Our analysis reveals that the LYESs scaling behavior is similar to our previous findings without the background field condensate. However, a significant difference from our earlier work is that the trajectory of LYESs terminates when the imaginary part of the singularity becomes 1/3πT. We elaborate that this cutoff behavior is caused by the RW symmetry that is symmetric to the imaginary chemical potential Imμ=1/3πT.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 094007– Published 5 November, 2025
  • Received 16 May 2025
  • Accepted 7 October 2025
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