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  • Open Access

Light lepton-flavor-violating flavon: The messenger of neutrino mixing and lepton g−2

Shuyang Han* and Zhaofeng Kang†

  • *Contact author: d201980123@hust.edu.cn
  • †Contact author: zhaofengkang@gmail.com
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 115037 – Published 23 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/h4mb-8nhc

Abstract

In neutrino physics, a class of models with local or global family symmetries may be invoked, and then a flavon field is needed to realize full neutrino mixing. This flavon may leave hints in lepton g−2 and address their possible anomalies. In this work, we explore this idea in the (B−L)ij gauge extension to the standard model (SM), in which realistic neutrino mixing requires both a SM singlet flavon s and a vectorlike lepton (VLL) doublet. The dominant coupling between the flavon and leptons is in the manner of lepton-flavor-violation (LFV). Through an analytical analysis of the SM lepton-VLL mixing matrix, we find that the parameter space of the sμ¯e-type flavon to explain (g−2)μ has been completely excluded by the specific LFV process, muonium-antimuonium oscillation. But the sμ¯τ-type flavon still has the opportunity to account for the excess in (g−2)μ or the deficit in (g−2)e; however, it faces the strong constraint from τ→μ conservation and, in particular, the lepton flavor universality (LFU) test of Z boson decay, which arises due to our way to realize the LFV flavon. The surviving flavon is highly predictable, with mass in the narrow window mτ≲ms≲2mτ and LFV coupling strength ∼10−2. Besides, it leaves a TeV scale VLL with a multilepton signature at the LHC.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 115037– Published 23 December, 2025
  • Received 30 September 2025
  • Accepted 1 December 2025
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