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Double Higgs boson production via vector boson fusion in SMEFT

Athanasios Dedes1,*, Janusz Rosiek2,†, and Michał Ryczkowski3,‡

  • *Contact author: adedes@uoi.gr
  • †Contact author: Janusz.Rosiek@fuw.edu.pl
  • ‡Contact author: michaljakub.ryczkowski@unipd.it
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 055044 – Published 29 September, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/bywd-2dy1

Abstract

While gluon fusion dominates Higgs pair production at the LHC, vector boson fusion (VBF) offers a unique window into beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics through its distinctive kinematic features and direct sensitivity to Higgs-vector boson interactions. We perform a comprehensive analysis of double Higgs production via VBF in the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT), systematically investigating how dimension-6 and dimension-8 bosonic operators—particularly those involving field derivatives—can enhance the production rate. We identify the most relevant Wilson coefficients (WCs) affecting the trilinear Higgs coupling (hhh) and Higgs-vector boson interactions (hVV, hhVV). Using constraints from global fits and interpolating fit results for unconstrained WCs with naive dimensional analysis, we assess their effects on the VV→hh (V=W,Z) scattering amplitudes and cross sections. Our analysis includes a study of EFT convergence and validity in models with scalar extensions of the SM. Numerical simulations for the planned High-Luminosity LHC experiment (HL-LHC) in general reveal only a modest and challenging to detect enhancement of the VBF di-Higgs production rate over the SM prediction. However, we show that in optimistic scenarios, such a process could be observed at the HL-LHC. In certain cases, when the enhancement is dominated by the dimension-6 or dimension-8 operators containing field derivatives (and thus leading to stronger energy-dependent effects), this channel becomes competitive with di-Higgs production via gluon fusion. This work highlights the role of VBF di-Higgs production as a complementary channel for probing anomalous Higgs couplings and their impact on BSM physics.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 055044– Published 29 September, 2025
  • Received 3 July 2025
  • Accepted 28 August 2025
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