- Letter
- Open Access
From AdS to dS exchanges: Spectral representation, Mellin amplitudes, and crossing
Phys. Rev. D 104, L081902 – Published 21 October, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.L081902
Abstract
In this paper we take the first steps towards bridging the gap between the conformal and cosmological bootstrap programs. We present a simple general relation between tree-level exchanges in anti-de Sitter (AdS) and de Sitter (dS) space with Bunch-Davies intial conditions, providing a complete AdS to dS dictionary at tree-level. This allows us to directly import techniques and results for conformal field theory correlators dual to AdS-Witten diagrams to boundary correlation functions in dS. We apply this relation to extend various indispensable tools from the conformal bootstrap to boundary correlation functions in dS, including Mellin amplitudes and the spectral representation for dS exchanges. We also derive their conformal block decomposition, both in the direct and crossed channels, from their AdS counterparts. The relation between AdS and dS exchanges itself is derived using a recently introduced Mellin-Barnes representation for boundary correlators in momentum space, where (A)dS exchanges are straightforwardly fixed by a combination of factorization, conformal symmetry and boundary conditions.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Article Text
Supplemental Material
References (65)
- J. M. Maldacena, The large N limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 38, 1113 (1999); Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 2, 231 (1998).
- G. Mack, D-independent representation of conformal field theories in D dimensions via transformation to auxiliary dual resonance models. Scalar amplitudes, arXiv:0907.2407.
- J. Penedones, Writing CFT correlation functions as AdS scattering amplitudes, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2011) 025.
- V. Dobrev, G. Mack, V. Petkova, S. Petrova, and I. Todorov, Harmonic Analysis on the n-Dimensional Lorentz Group and Its Application to Conformal Quantum Field Theory, Vol. 63 (Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 1977), https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783540081500.
- M. S. Costa, V. Gonçalves, and J. Penedones, Spinning AdS propagators, J. High Energy Phys. 09 (2014) 064.
- Z. Komargodski and A. Zhiboedov, Convexity and liberation at large spin, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2013) 140.
- A. L. Fitzpatrick, J. Kaplan, D. Poland, and D. Simmons-Duffin, The analytic bootstrap and AdS superhorizon locality, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2013) 004.
- L. F. Alday, Large Spin Perturbation Theory for Conformal Field Theories, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 111601 (2017).
- S. Caron-Huot, Analyticity in spin in conformal theories, J. High Energy Phys. 09 (2017) 078.
- D. Simmons-Duffin, D. Stanford, and E. Witten, A spacetime derivation of the Lorentzian OPE inversion formula, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2018) 085.
- D. Carmi and S. Caron-Huot, A conformal dispersion relation: Correlations from absorption, J. High Energy Phys. 09 (2020) 009.
- I. Antoniadis, P. O. Mazur, and E. Mottola, Conformal invariance, dark energy, and CMB non-Gaussianity, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 09 (2012) 024.
- P. Creminelli, Conformal invariance of scalar perturbations in inflation, Phys. Rev. D 85, 041302 (2012).
- P. Creminelli, J. Norea, and M. Simonović, Conformal consistency relations for single-field inflation, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 07 (2012) 052.
- A. Bzowski, P. McFadden, and K. Skenderis, Holographic predictions for cosmological 3-point functions, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2012) 091.
- I. Mata, S. Raju, and S. Trivedi, CMB from CFT, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2013) 015.
- N. Kundu, A. Shukla, and S. P. Trivedi, Constraints from conformal symmetry on the three point scalar correlator in inflation, J. High Energy Phys. 04 (2015) 061.
- N. Kundu, A. Shukla, and S. P. Trivedi, Ward identities for scale and special conformal transformations in inflation, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2016) 046.
- A. Shukla, S. P. Trivedi, and V. Vishal, Symmetry constraints in inflation, -vacua, and the three point function, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2016) 102.
- J. A. Farrow, A. E. Lipstein, and P. McFadden, Double copy structure of CFT correlators, J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2019) 130.
- N. Arkani-Hamed and J. Maldacena, Cosmological collider physics, arXiv:1503.08043.
- N. Arkani-Hamed, P. Benincasa, and A. Postnikov, Cosmological polytopes and the wavefunction of the universe, arXiv:1709.02813.
- N. Arkani-Hamed, D. Baumann, H. Lee, and G. L. Pimentel, The cosmological bootstrap: Inflationary correlators from symmetries and singularities, J. High Energy Phys. 04 (2020) 105.
- C. Sleight, A mellin space approach to cosmological correlators, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2020) 090.
- C. Sleight and M. Taronna, Bootstrapping inflationary correlators in mellin space, J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2020) 098.
- D. Baumann, C. Duaso Pueyo, A. Joyce, H. Lee, and G. L. Pimentel, The cosmological bootstrap: Weight-shifting operators and scalar seeds, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2020) 204.
- D. Baumann, C. Duaso Pueyo, A. Joyce, H. Lee, and G. L. Pimentel, The cosmological bootstrap: Spinning correlators from symmetries and factorization, SciPost Phys. 11, 071 (2021).
- D. Green and E. Pajer, On the symmetries of cosmological perturbations, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 09 (2020) 032.
See e.g., [31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37] for studies of Witten diagrams in momentum-space, as well as e.g., [38, 39, 40, 41, 42] in dS.
- S. S. Gubser, I. R. Klebanov, and A. M. Polyakov, Gauge theory correlators from noncritical string theory, Phys. Lett. B 428, 105 (1998).
- S. Raju, BCFW for Witten Diagrams, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 091601 (2011).
- S. Raju, New recursion relations and a flat space limit for correlators, Phys. Rev. D 85, 126009 (2012).
- H. Isono, T. Noumi, and G. Shiu, Momentum space approach to crossing symmetric CFT correlators, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2018) 136.
- H. Isono, T. Noumi, and G. Shiu, Momentum space approach to crossing symmetric CFT correlators. Part II. General spacetime dimension, J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2019) 183.
- S. Albayrak, C. Chowdhury, and S. Kharel, New relation for Witten diagrams, J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2019) 274.
- S. Albayrak and S. Kharel, Towards the higher point holographic momentum space amplitudes. Part II. Gravitons, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2019) 135.
- S. Albayrak, C. Chowdhury, and S. Kharel, An tude of momentum space scalar amplitudes in AdS, Phys. Rev. D 101, 124043 (2020).
- J. M. Maldacena and G. L. Pimentel, On graviton non-Gaussianities during inflation, J. High Energy Phys. 09 (2011) 045.
- D. Anninos, T. Anous, D. Z. Freedman, and G. Konstantinidis, Late-time structure of the Bunch-Davies de Sitter wavefunction, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 11 (2015) 048.
- A. Ghosh, N. Kundu, S. Raju, and S. P. Trivedi, Conformal invariance and the four point scalar correlator in slow-roll inflation, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2014) 011.
- G. Goon, K. Hinterbichler, A. Joyce, and M. Trodden, Shapes of gravity: Tensor non-Gaussianity and massive spin-2 fields, J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2019) 182.
- A. Hillman, Symbol recursion for the dS wave function, arXiv:1912.09450.
- C. Sleight, Interactions in higher-spin gravity: A holographic perspective, J. Phys. A 50, 383001 (2017).
- T. Leonhardt, R. Manvelyan, and W. Ruhl, The group approach to AdS space propagators, Nucl. Phys. B667, 413 (2003).
- L. Cornalba, Eikonal methods in : Regge theory and multi-reggeon exchange, arXiv:0710.5480.
This is because harmonic functions on the Principal series are only a complete basis for normalisable functions.
This is moreover equivalent to the homogeneous conformal invariance condition for exchanges introduced in [21] in the context of the Cosmological Bootstrap.
Below we shall see that this is also true for dS exchanges with Bunch Davies initial conditions.
- See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.L081902 From AdS to dS Exchanges: Spectral Representation, Mellin Amplitudes and Crossing.
Here for concision we have omitted the factors (3). Note that for each external leg one should multiply by the factor (38)See [25] for the details.
- M. S. Costa, V. Gonçalves, and J. Penedones, Conformal Regge theory, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2012) 091.
- C. Sleight and M. Taronna, Spinning Witten diagrams, J. High Energy Phys. 06 (2017) 100.
More precisely these are . The factors arise from the bulk integration (see Eq. (131) of [5]) and is the 2pt function coefficient.
- R. Gopakumar, A. Kaviraj, K. Sen, and A. Sinha, A Mellin space approach to the conformal bootstrap, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2017) 027.
- L. F. Alday, A. Bissi, and E. Perlmutter, Holographic reconstruction of AdS exchanges from crossing symmetry, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2017) 147.
- X. Zhou, Recursion relations in Witten diagrams and conformal partial waves, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2019) 006.
- R. Gopakumar and A. Sinha, On the Polyakov-Mellin bootstrap, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2018) 040.
- C. Sleight and M. Taronna, The unique Polyakov blocks, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2020) 075.
- C. Sleight and M. Taronna, Anomalous dimensions from crossing kernels, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2018) 089.
- J. Liu, E. Perlmutter, V. Rosenhaus, and D. Simmons-Duffin, -dimensional SYK, AdS loops, and symbols, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2019) 052.
- S. Albayrak, D. Meltzer, and D. Poland, More analytic bootstrap: Nonperturbative effects and fermions, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2019) 040.
- I. Heemskerk, J. Penedones, J. Polchinski, and J. Sully, Holography from conformal field theory, J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2009) 079.
- A. M. Polyakov, Nonhamiltonian approach to conformal quantum field theory, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 66, 23 (1974) [Sov. Phys. JETP 39, 9 (1974)].
- D. Mazáč, L. Rastelli, and X. Zhou, A basis of analytic functionals for CFTs in general dimension, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2021) 140.
- J. Penedones, J. A. Silva, and A. Zhiboedov, Nonperturbative Mellin amplitudes: Existence, properties, applications, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2020) 031.