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Saturation of Pauli blocking in near-extremal charged Nariai black holes

Chiang-Mei Chen1,2,3,*, Chun-Chih Huang1,†, and Sang Pyo Kim4,2,3,5,‡

  • *Contact author: cmchen@phy.ncu.edu.tw
  • †Contact author: makedate0809@gmail.com
  • ‡Contact author: sangkim@kunsan.ac.kr
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Phys. Rev. D 113, 025011 – Published 21 January, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/669j-tcdv

Abstract

We solve the Dirac equation for a massive charged fermion in the near-extremal charged Nariai black hole with the near-horizon geometry dS2×S2. At the one-loop level, contrary to the catastrophic emission of charged spinless bosons in C.-M. Chen et al., [Phys. Rev. D 110, 085020 (2024)], we show that the emission of fermions in a narrow timelike inner region between the cosmological horizon and black hole horizon saturates the bound from the Pauli blocking and does not give an amplification (quantum superradiance). Using the reciprocal relation, we find the Schwinger emission of fermions from AdS2×S2, and compare the Schwinger emission of fermions and bosons from near-extremal Nariai black holes.

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Phys. Rev. D 113, 025011– Published 21 January, 2026
  • Received 25 September 2025
  • Accepted 6 January 2026
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