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    Cosmology with second- and third-order shear statistics for the Dark Energy Survey: Methods and simulated analysis

    R. C. H. Gomes1, S. Sugiyama1, B. Jain1, M. Jarvis1, D. Anbajagane2, M. Gatti3, D. Gebauer4,5, Z. Gong4,5, A. Halder6,7,5,8 et al. (DES Collaboration)

    A. Halder6,7,5,8, G. A. Marques9,3, S. Pandey10, J. L. Marshall11, S. Allam12, O. Alves13, F. Andrade-Oliveira14, D. Bacon15, J. Blazek16, S. Bocquet17, D. Brooks18, A. Carnero Rosell19,20,21, J. Carretero22, L. N. da Costa20, P. Doel18, C. Doux1,23, S. Everett24, B. Flaugher12, J. Frieman2,12,3, J. García-Bellido25, E. Gaztanaga26,15,27, D. Gruen17, R. A. Gruendl28,29, G. Gutierrez12, K. Herner12, S. R. Hinton30, D. L. Hollowood31, K. Honscheid32,33, D. Huterer13, D. J. James34, N. Jeffrey18, J. Mena-Fernández35, R. Miquel36,22, J. Muir37,38, R. L. C. Ogando39, M. E. S. Pereira40, A. Pieres20,39, A. A. Plazas Malagón41,42, S. Samuroff16,22, E. Sanchez43, D. Sanchez Cid43,44, B. Santiago45,20, I. Sevilla-Noarbe43, M. Smith46, E. Suchyta47, M. E. C. Swanson28, G. Tarle13, C. To2, V. Vikram48, N. Weaverdyck49,50, and J. Weller51,52 (DES Collaboration)

    • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
    • 2Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
    • 3Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
    • 4Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstraße 1, 81679 München, Germany
    • 5Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstraße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
    • 6Institute of Astronomy and Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, United Kingdom
    • 7Jesus College, Jesus Lane, Cambridge, CB5 8BL, United Kingdom
    • 8University Observatory, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Scheinerstraße 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
    • 9Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
    • 10Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, USA
    • 11George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
    • 12Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
    • 13Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
    • 14Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstraße 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
    • 15Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, United Kingdom
    • 16Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
    • 17University Observatory, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstraße 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
    • 18Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
    • 19Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
    • 20Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Avenida Pastor Martin Luther King Jr., 126 Del Castilho, Nova América Offices, Torre 3000/sala 817 CEP: 20765-000, Brazil
    • 21Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
    • 22Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
    • 23Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
    • 24California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 249-17, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
    • 25Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
    • 26Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
    • 27Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
    • 28Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
    • 29Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
    • 30School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
    • 31Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
    • 32Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
    • 33Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
    • 34Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
    • 35LPSC Grenoble-53, Avenue des Martyrs 38026 Grenoble, France
    • 36Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
    • 37Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
    • 38Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada
    • 39Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil
    • 40Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, Gojenbergsweg 112, 21029 Hamburg, Germany
    • 41Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
    • 42SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
    • 43Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
    • 44Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstraße 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
    • 45Instituto de Física, UFRGS, Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, RS-91501-970, Brazil
    • 46Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
    • 47Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
    • 48Department of Physics, Central University of Kerala, 93VR+RWF, CUK Road, Kerala 671316, Índia
    • 49Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, 501 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
    • 50Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
    • 51Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstraße, 85748 Garching, Germany
    • 52Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstraße 1, 81679 München, Germany

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    Phys. Rev. D 112, 123514 – Published 4 December, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/3f1p-spfp

    Abstract

    We present a new pipeline designed for the robust inference of cosmological parameters using both second- and third-order shear statistics. We build a theoretical model for rapid evaluation of three-point correlations using our fastnc code and integrate it into the cosmosis framework. We measure the two-point functions ξ± and the full configuration-dependent three-point shear correlation functions across all auto- and cross-redshift bins. We compress the three-point functions into the mass aperture statistic ⟨Map3⟩ for a set of 796 simulated shear maps designed to model the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 data. We estimate from it the full covariance matrix and model the effects of intrinsic alignments, shear calibration biases and photometric redshift uncertainties. We apply scale cuts to minimize the contamination from the baryonic signal as modeled through hydrodynamical simulations. We find a significant improvement of 83% on the figure of merit in the Ωm−S8 plane when we add the ⟨Map3⟩ data to ξ±. We present our findings for all relevant cosmological and systematic uncertainty parameters and discuss the complementarity of third-order and second-order statistics.

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    See Also

    Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological constraints from second- and third-order shear statistics

    R. C. H. Gomes et al. (DES Collaboration)
    Phys. Rev. D 112, 123515 (2025)

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    Phys. Rev. D 112, 123514– Published 4 December, 2025
    • Received 29 August 2025
    • Accepted 11 November 2025
    Article part of CHORUS
    Accepted manuscript will be available starting 4 December, 2026.
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