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Recoil corrections to double heavy and hidden heavy molecular pentaquark states with an SU(3) antitriplet baryon

School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

^*Contact author: xiaochen@bjtu.edu.cn
^†Contact author: ma.li@bjtu.edu.cn

Phys. Rev. D 114, 014051 – Published 23 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/278j-2bw8

Abstract

Recoil corrections, which appear at order $O (\frac{1}{M})$ , turn out to be crucial for the pentaquark molecules with heavy flavor. In the past, such corrections were typically regarded as negligible for the formation of molecular states. However, our research manifests their important impacts on the spectra of possible baryon-meson bound states. In certain cases, the binding energy sharply decreases after considering the recoil corrections. Using the one-boson-exchange model, we have studied a series of double heavy and hidden heavy pentaquark states with an SU(3) antitriplet baryon, including $Ξ_{c} {\bar{D}}^{(*)}$ , $Λ_{c} {\bar{D}}^{(*)}$ , $Ξ_{c} D^{(*)}$ , $Λ_{c} D^{(*)}$ , along with their bottom analogues. Both the $S − D$ wave mixing effect and the recoil corrections are incorporated in the investigation. Our results indicate that such corrections, working against the stability of bound-sate solutions in certain isospin-singlet channels, cannot be ignored. For the $Ξ_{c} \bar{D}$ and $Ξ_{c} D$ systems with $I (J^{P}) = 0 ({\frac{1}{2}}^{-})$ , the $Ξ_{c} {\bar{D}}^{*}$ and $Ξ_{c} D^{*}$ systems, as well as their bottom counterparts, with $I (J^{P}) = 0 ({\frac{1}{2}}^{-})$ and $0 ({\frac{3}{2}}^{-})$ , and the $Λ_{b} {\bar{B}}^{*}$ system with $I (J^{P}) = \frac{1}{2} ({\frac{1}{2}}^{-})$ and $\frac{1}{2} ({\frac{3}{2}}^{-})$ , although the bound-state solution can be found both with and without considering the recoil corrections, the inclusion of them weakens the attractive interaction of the molecular structures, as evidenced by smaller binding energies and larger root-mean-square radiuses in the refined results. This phenomenon is especially prominent in the $Ξ_{c} {\bar{D}}^{*}$ and $Ξ_{c} D^{*}$ systems.

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Phys. Rev. D 114, 014051– Published 23 July, 2026

Vol. 114, Iss. 1 — 1 July 2026

Received 25 March 2026
Accepted 10 June 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/278j-2bw8

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP³.

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Recoil corrections to double heavy and hidden heavy molecular pentaquark states with an SU(3) antitriplet baryon

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