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Two-pion contribution to the hadronic vacuum polarization with staggered quarks

Shaun Lahert1,2,*, Carleton DeTar1, Aida X. El-Khadra2,3, Steven Gottlieb4, Andreas S. Kronfeld5, and Ruth S. Van de Water5

  • *Contact author: shaun.lahert@gmail.com
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Phys. Rev. D 114, 014523 – Published 28 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/21xb-jd3w

Abstract

We present results from the first lattice QCD calculation of the two-pion contributions to the light-quark connected vector-current correlation function obtained from staggered-quark operators. We employ the MILC Collaboration’s gauge-field ensemble with 2+1+1 flavors of highly improved staggered sea quarks at a lattice spacing of a≈0.15  fm with a light sea-quark mass at its physical value. The two-pion contributions allow for a refined determination of the noisy long-distance tail of the vector-current correlation function, which we use to compute the light-quark connected contribution to hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) with improved statistical precision. We compare our results with traditional noise-reduction techniques used in lattice QCD calculations of the light-quark connected HVP, namely, the so-called fit and bounding methods. We observe a factor of roughly 3 improvement in the statistical precision in the determination of the HVP contribution to the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment over these approaches. We also lay the group theoretical groundwork for extending this calculation to finer lattice spacings with increased numbers of staggered two-pion taste states.

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Phys. Rev. D 114, 014523– Published 28 July, 2026
  • Received 30 September 2024
  • Accepted 25 June 2026
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