The recent data taken by the CLAS Collaboration at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility for the reaction of $\gamma p\to K^{+}{K}^{+}{\Xi }^{-}$ are reanalyzed within a relativistic meson-exchange model of hadronic interactions. The present model is an extension of the one developed in an earlier work by Nakayama, Oh, and Haberzettl [Phys. Rev. C 74, 035205 (2006)]. In particular, the role of the spin-5/2 and -7/2 hyperon resonances, which were not included in the previous model, is investigated in the present study. It is shown that the contribution of the $\Sigma (2030)$ hyperon having spin-$7/2$ and positive parity has a key role to bring the model predictions into a fair agreement with the measured data for the $K^{+}{\Xi }^{-}$ invariant mass distribution.

We update our predictions for the width of ${}^{19}\mathrm{Mg}$(g.s.) by extending our calculations to the lower energy range found experimentally.

We study stability of superdeformed oblate (SDO) superheavy $Z⩾120$ nuclei predicted by systematic microscopic-macroscopic calculations in 12D deformation space and confirmed by the Hartree-Fock calculations with the SLy6 force. We include into consideration high-$K$ isomers that very likely form at the SDO shape. Although half-lives $T_{1/2}\lesssim {10}^{-5}$ s are calculated or estimated for even-even spin-zero systems, decay hindrances known for high-$K$ isomers suggest that some SDO superheavy nuclei may be detectable by the present experimental technique.

Longitudinal scaling of pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles (${\mathit{dN}}_{\mathrm{ch}}/d\eta$) is observed when presented as a function of pseudorapidity ($\eta$) shifted by the beam rapidity ($\eta -y_{\mathrm{beam}}$) for a wide range of collision systems ($e^{+}+e^{-}$, $p+p$, $d+\text{A}$, and $\text{A}+\text{A}$) and beam energies. Such a scaling is also observed for the elliptic flow ($v_2$) of charged hadrons in $\text{A}+\text{A}$ collisions. This is a striking observation, as $v_2$ is expected to be sensitive to the initial conditions, the expansion dynamics, and the degrees of freedom of the system, all of which potentially varies with collision system and colliding energies. We present a study of the longitudinal scalings of ${\mathit{dN}}_{\mathrm{ch}}/d\eta$, average transverse momentum ($\langle p_{\mathrm{T}}\rangle$), and $v_2$ using transport models UrQMD and AMPT for Au $+$ Au collisions at center of mass energies ($\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$) of 19.6, 62.4, and 200 GeV and Pb $+$ Pb collisions at 2760 GeV. Only the AMPT models which includes partonic effects and quark coalescence as a mechanism of hadronization shows longitudinal scaling for ${\mathit{dN}}_{\mathrm{ch}}/d\eta$, $\langle p_{\mathrm{T}}\rangle$, and $v_2$. Whereas the UrQMD and AMPT default versions show longitudinal scaling only for ${\mathit{dN}}_{\mathrm{ch}}/d\eta$ and $\langle p_{\mathrm{T}}\rangle$. We also discuss the possibility of longitudinal scaling of $v_2$ within two extreme scenarios of models with hydrodynamic and collisionless limits. We find the longitudinal scaling of bulk observables to be an important test for the underlying physics mechanism in models of particle production.

The neutron pair correlation in nuclei near the neutron drip-line is investigated using the self-consistent continuum Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory formulated with the coordinate-space Green’s function technique. Numerical analysis is performed for even-even $N=86$ isotones in the Mo-Sn region, where the $3p_{3/2}$ and $3p_{1/2}$ orbits lying near the Fermi energy are either weakly bound or unbound. The quasiparticle states originating from the $l=1$ orbits form resonances with large widths, which are due to the low barrier height and the strong continuum coupling caused by the pair potential. Analyzing in detail the pairing properties and roles of the quasiparticle resonances, we found that the $l=1$ broad quasiparticle resonances persist to feel the pair potential and contribute to the pair correlation even when their widths are comparable with the resonance energy.

The chiral model is used to describe quark matter under strong magnetic fields and is compared to other models, the MIT bag model and the two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The effect of vacuum corrections due to the magnetic field is discussed. It is shown that if the magnetic-field vacuum corrections are not taken into account explicitly, the parameters of the models should be fitted to low-density meson properties in the presence of the magnetic field.

New exact solutions of relativistic perfect-fluid hydrodynamics are presented, including the first family of exact rotating solutions. The method used to search for them is a simultaneous investigation of the relativistic hydrodynamical equations and the collisionless Boltzmann equation. Possible connections to the evolution of hot and dense partonic matter in heavy-ion collisions is discussed.

In this work we consider the renormalization of the chiral two-pion exchange potential with explicit $\Delta$ excitations for nucleon-nucleon scattering at next-to-leading ($\mathrm{NLO}$) and next-to-next-to-leading order (${\mathrm{N}}^2\mathrm{LO}$). Because of the singular nature of the chiral potentials, correlations between different partial waves are generated. In particular, we show that two-body scattering by a short distance power like singular attractive interaction can be renormalized in all partial waves with a single counterterm, provided the singularities are identical. A parallel statement holds in the presence of tensor interactions when the eigenpotentials in the coupled channel problem also coincide. Although this construction reduces the total number of counterterms to 11 in the case of nucleon-nucleon scattering with chiral two-pion exchange interactions with $\Delta$ degrees of freedom, the differences in the scattering phases as compared to the case with the uncorrelated partial-wave renormalization become smaller as the angular momentum is increased in the elastic scattering region.

The nuclear structure of the semi-magic isotope ${}^{125}\mathrm{Sn}$ was investigated by means of the ${}^{124}\mathrm{Sn}$($n$${}_{\mathrm{th}}$,$\gamma \gamma$)${}^{125}\mathrm{Sn}$ reaction and the ${}^{124}\mathrm{Sn}$($\mathrm{d⃗}$,$p$)${}^{125}\mathrm{Sn}$ reaction. More than 400 levels, in most cases with their spin, parity, ($d,p$) spectroscopic factor, and $\gamma$ decay, were identified. About 750 $\gamma$ transitions from our ($n,$$\gamma \gamma$) experiment form the essentially complete $\gamma$-decay scheme following thermal neutron capture. Using this extensive $\gamma$-decay scheme the neutron binding energy was determined to be 5733.5(2) keV. The strong correlation of the ($d,p$) strengths and the ($n$,$\gamma$) intensities for more than 50 levels gives evidence for the direct neutron capture process, which was studied in detail. The experimental data were compared with predictions of the quasiparticle phonon model.

The giant resonance region from 9.5 MeV < $E_x$ < 40 MeV in ${}^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$ has been studied with inelastic scattering of 240-MeV $\alpha$ particles at small angles, including 0°. ${95}_{-15}^{+11}$% of $E$0 energy-weighted sum rule (EWSR), ${83}_{-16}^{+10}\%$ of $E$2 EWSR, and 137 ± 20% of $E$1 EWSR were located below $E_x=40$ MeV. A comparison of the experimental data with calculated results for the isoscalar giant monopole resonance, obtained within the mean-field-based random-phase approximation, is also given.

Isomeric states in the semimagic ${}^{128-130}$Sn isotopes were populated in the fragmentation of a ${}^{136}\mathrm{Xe}$ beam on a ${}^9\mathrm{Be}$ target at an energy of 750 $A·$MeV. The decay of an isomeric state in ${}^{128}\mathrm{Sn}$ at an excitation energy of 4098 keV has been observed. Its half live has been determined to be $T_{1/2}=220(30)$ ns from the time distributions of the delayed $\gamma$ rays emitted in its decay. $\gamma \gamma$ coincidence relations were analyzed in order to establish the decay pattern of the newly established state toward the known (7${}^{-}$) and (10${}^{+}$) isomers at excitation energies of 2092 and 2492 keV, respectively. Based on a comparison with results of state-of-the-art shell-model calculations the new isomeric state is proposed to have the $\nu h_{11/2}^{-3}{d}_{3/2}^{-1}$ configuration with the four neutron holes in ${}^{132}\mathrm{Sn}$ maximally aligned to a total spin of $I^{\pi }={15}^{-}$.

The effect of the core excitation in the breakup of a one-neutron halo nucleus is studied within two different reaction formalisms, namely, the core excited model and the single-scattering approximation of the three-body Faddeev–Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas equations with target-core potential allowing for the core excitation. As an example, we consider the breakup of ${}^{11}\mathrm{Be}$ on a proton target at 63.7 MeV/nucleon incident energy and calculate the semi-inclusive cross section in the excitation energy interval $E_x=3.0$–5.5 MeV ($E_{\mathrm{rel}}=2.5$–5 MeV) containing the $3/2^{+}$ resonance with dominant contribution of the ${}^{10}\mathrm{Be}$($2^{+}$) core excited state. The effect of the core excitation to the breakup cross section integrated around this resonance is found to be very significant. Moreover, when resonant and nonresonant contributions are added, the resulting semi-inclusive cross section is in reasonable agreement with the existing data, demonstrating the relevance of the core excitation mechanism for this observable. The present calculations also show the importance of incorporating the energy dependence of the core-target transition operators in the reaction formalism.

Utilizing the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation, we use a bottom-up approach to construct heavy-baryon Lagrangian terms, without employing a relativistic Lagrangian as the starting point. The couplings obtained this way feature a straightforward $1/m$ expansion, which ensures Lorentz invariance order by order in effective field theories. We illustrate possible applications with two examples in the context of chiral effective field theory: the pion-nucleon coupling, which reproduces the results in the literature, and the pion-nucleon-delta coupling, which does not employ the Rarita-Schwinger field for describing the delta isobar, and hence does not invoke any spurious degrees of freedom. In particular, we point out that one of the subleading $\pi N\Delta$ couplings used in the literature is, in fact, redundant and we discuss the implications of this. We also show that this redundant term should be dropped if one wants to use low-energy constants fitted from $\pi N$ scattering in calculations of $\mathit{NN}\to \mathit{NN}\pi$ reactions.

The link between the scaling function extracted from the analysis of $(e,e^{\text{'}})$ cross sections and the spectral function/momentum distribution in nuclei is revisited. Several descriptions of the spectral function based on the independent particle model are employed, together with the inclusion of nucleon correlations, and effects of the energy dependence arising from the width of the hole states are investigated. Although some of these approaches provide rough overall agreement with data, they are not found to be capable of reproducing one of the distinctive features of the experimental scaling function, namely its asymmetry. However, the addition of final-state interactions, incorporated in the present study using either relativistic mean-field theory or via a complex optical potential, does lead to asymmetric scaling functions in accordance with data. The present analysis seems to indicate that final-state interactions constitute an essential ingredient and are required to provide a proper description of the experimental scaling function.

We present a technique that treats, without approximations, the continuum part of the excitation spectrum in random phase approximation calculations with finite-range interactions. The interaction used in Hartree-Fock calculations to generate the single-particle basis is also used in continuum random phase approximation calculations. We show results for electric dipole and quadrupole excitations in ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$, ${}^{22}\mathrm{O}$, ${}^{24}\mathrm{O}$, ${}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$, ${}^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$, and ${}^{52}\mathrm{Ca}$ nuclei. We compare our results with those of the traditional discrete random phase approximation, with continuum independent-particle model results, and with results obtained by a phenomenological random phase approximation approach. We study the relevance of the continuum, of the residual interaction, and of the self-consistency. We also compare our results with the available total photoabsorption cross-section data.

The relation between collective modes and phase transitions in nuclear matter is examined. The dispersion relations for the low-lying excitations in a linear approach are evaluated within a Landau-Fermi liquid scheme by assuming coexisting phases in thermodynamical equilibrium. Temperature and isospin composition are used as relevant parameters. The in-medium nuclear interaction is provided by a recently proposed density functional model. The low density liquid-gas phase transition is taken as a typical situation for examination. We found significative modifications in the energy spectrum, within a certain range of temperatures and isospin asymmetry, due to the separation of matter into independent phases. The influence of the electromagnetic interaction over the dispersion relation of these collective excitations is also examined.

Neutron-induced fission cross sections for ${}^{\text{nat}}$Pb and ${}^{209}\mathrm{Bi}$ were measured with a white-spectrum neutron source at the CERN Neutron Time-of-Flight (n_TOF) facility. The experiment, using neutrons from threshold up to 1 GeV, provides the first results for these nuclei above 200 MeV. The cross sections were measured relative to ${}^{235}\mathrm{U}$ and ${}^{238}\mathrm{U}$ in a dedicated fission chamber with parallel plate avalanche counter detectors. Results are compared with previous experimental data. Upgraded parametrizations of the cross sections are presented, from threshold energy up to 1 GeV. The proposed new sets of fitting parameters improve former results along the whole energy range.

Cross-section measurements for neutron-induced reactions on GaAs have been carried out at twelve different neutron energies from 7.5 to 15 MeV using the activation technique. The monoenergetic neutron beams were produced via the ${}^2\mathrm{H}$($d,n$)${}^3\mathrm{He}$ reaction. GaAs samples were activated along with Au and Al monitor foils to determine the incident neutron flux. The activities induced by the reaction products were measured using high-resolution $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy. Cross sections for five reaction channels, viz., ${}^{69}\mathrm{Ga}$($n,2n$)${}^{68}\mathrm{Ga}$, ${}^{69}\mathrm{Ga}$($n,p$)${}^{69}\mathrm{Zn}$${}^m$, ${}^{71}\mathrm{Ga}$($n,p$)${}^{71}\mathrm{Zn}$${}^m$, ${}^{75}\mathrm{As}$($n,2n$)${}^{74}\mathrm{As}$, and ${}^{75}\mathrm{As}$($n,p$)${}^{75}\mathrm{Ge}$, are reported. The results are compared with the previous measurements and available data evaluations. Statistical-model calculations, based on the Hauser-Feshbach formalism, have been carried out using the TALYS and the COH3 codes and are compared with the experimental results.