A model assuming coherent quadrupole-octupole vibrations and rotations is applied to describe non-yrast energy sequences with alternating parity in several even-even nuclei from different regions, namely, ${}^{152,154}$Sm, ${}^{154,156,158}$Gd, ${}^{236}$U, and ${}^{100}$Mo. Within the model scheme, the yrast alternating-parity band is composed by the members of the ground-state band and the lowest negative-parity levels with odd angular momenta. The non-yrast alternating-parity sequences unite levels of $\beta$ bands with higher negative-parity levels. The model description reproduces the structure of the considered alternating-parity spectra together with the observed $B$($E1$), $B$($E2$), and $B$($E3$) transition probabilities within and between the different level sequences. $B$($E1$) and $B$($E3$) reduced probabilities for transitions connecting states with opposite parity in the non-yrast alternating-parity bands are predicted. The implemented study outlines the limits of the considered band-coupling scheme and provides estimations about the collective energy potential, which governs the quadrupole-octupole properties of the considered nuclei.

The use of different mass parameters for the rotation and two vibrations in the Bohr Hamiltonian is important for describing properties of nuclei, especially interband $E2$ transition probabilities. For odd nuclei, the Coriolis interaction of the angular momentum of an odd nucleon with that of a nucleus can affect results noticeably. Excited-state energies and $E2$ transition probabilities have been calculated for the ${}^{163}\mathrm{Dy}$ and ${}^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$ nuclei, by using three different mass parameters and taking into account the Coriolis interaction, once shell-model calculations have been performed to determine the single-particle ground-state properties of ${}^{163}\mathrm{Dy}$ and ${}^{173}\mathrm{Yb}$.

The dynamical nucleus-nucleus potentials for some fusion reactions are investigated by using the improved quantum molecular-dynamics (ImQMD) model with different sets of parameters in which the corresponding incompressibility coefficient of nuclear matter is different. Two new sets of parameters SKP* and IQ3 for the ImQMD model are proposed with the incompressibility coefficient of 195 and 225 MeV, respectively. The measured fusion excitation function for ${}^{16}$O+${}^{208}$Pb and the charge distribution of fragments for Ca+Ca and Au+Au in multifragmentation process can be reasonably well reproduced. Simultaneously, the influence of the nuclear matter incompressibility and the range of nucleon-nucleon interaction on the nucleus-nucleus dynamic potential is investigated.

In hydrodynamical modeling of heavy-ion collisions, the initial-state spatial anisotropies are translated into momentum anisotropies of the final-state particle distributions. Thus, understanding the origin of the initial-state anisotropies and their uncertainties is important before extracting specific QCD matter properties, such as viscosity, from the experimental data. In this work we review the wounded nucleon approach based on the Monte Carlo Glauber model, charting in particular the uncertainties arising from modeling of the nucleon-nucleon interactions between the colliding nucleon pairs and nucleon-nucleon correlations inside the colliding nuclei. We discuss the differences between the black disk model and a probabilistic profile function approach for the inelastic nucleon-nucleon interactions and investigate the influence of initial-state correlations using state-of-the-art modeling of these.

We examine the probability distributions $P(E,t)$ of the energy of a hard parton traveling in a partonic medium of constant density for a time $t$ while undergoing elastic 2 $\to$ 2 perturbative QCD (pQCD) interactions using a Monte Carlo model. The form of these distributions is found to be non-Gaussian, confirming results by other groups with similarly detailed models and challenging the validity of the widely used diffusion approximation in elastic energy-loss modeling.

We investigated the dependence of the $K^{-}d$ scattering length on models of the $\overline{K}N$ interaction with one or two poles for the $\Lambda \left(1405\right)$ resonance. The $\overline{K}NN-\pi \Sigma N$ system is described by coupled-channel Faddeev equations in Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas form. Our new two-body $\overline{K}N-\pi \Sigma$ potentials reproduce all existing experimental data on $K^{-}p$ scattering and kaonic hydrogen atom characteristics. New models of the $\Sigma N-\Lambda N$ interaction were also constructed. Comparison with several approximations, usually used for scattering length calculations, was performed.

The positive-parity states of ${}_{\Lambda }^{25}$Mg with a $\Lambda$ hyperon in $s$ orbit were studied with the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics for hypernuclei. We discuss two bands of ${}_{\Lambda }^{25}$Mg corresponding to the $K^{\pi }=0^{+}$ and $2^{+}$ bands of ${}^{24}$Mg. It is found that the energy of the $K^{\pi }=2^{+}\otimes {\Lambda }_s$ band is shifted up by about 200 keV compared to ${}^{24}$Mg. This is because the $\Lambda$ hyperon in $s$ orbit reduces the quadrupole deformation of the $K^{\pi }=0^{+}\otimes {\Lambda }_s$ band, while it does not change the deformation of the $K^{\pi }=2^{+}\otimes {\Lambda }_s$ band significantly.

The partial conservation of the seniority symmetry in $j=9/2$ shells has been discussed recently. In this work we show that the occurrence of the partial conservation of the seniority is the consequence of special properties of certain one-particle coefficients of fractional parentage. Further studies have also been done to pursue the similar special relations of the coefficients of fractional parentage in other single-$j$ shells with $j\le 15/2$.

Secondary fission barriers are calculated within the macroscopic-microscopic model in six-dimensional deformation space for even-even actinides. No special adjustable parameters are used. To search for saddle points, the “immersion” method is applied on a giant six-dimensional grid. This approach leads to a good agreement with (small deviation from) the available experimental data. Moreover, it is consistent with the other saddle-point searching technique. The influence of the incorporated nonaxiality on second fission barriers is found to be negligible, in contrast with the well-known major effect of the reflection asymmetry.

Ground-state, radially excited, and exotic scalar, vector, and flavored-pseudoscalar mesons are studied in rainbow-ladder truncation using an interaction kernel that is consonant with modern Dyson-Schwinger equation and lattice-QCD results. The inability of this truncation to provide realistic predictions for the masses of excited and exotic states is confirmed and explained. However, its application does provide information that is potentially useful when working beyond this leading-order truncation, e.g.: assisting with the development of projection techniques that ease the computation of excited-state properties; placing qualitative constraints on the long-range behavior of the interaction kernel; and highlighting and illustrating some features of hadron observables that do not depend on details of the dynamics.

Medium-induced parton energy loss, resulting from gluon exchanges between the QCD matter and partonic projectiles, is expected to underlie the strong suppression of jets and high-$p_T$ hadron spectra observed in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. Here, we present the first color-differential calculation of parton energy loss. We find that color exchange between medium and projectile decoheres the color of radiated gluons from that of the most energetic fragments and enhances parametrically the invariant mass of energetic color singlet clusters in the parton shower. These effects are seen in more than half of the medium-modified parton branchings. As shown for a cluster hadronization model and as argued for a Lund string fragmentation model, this leads to additional softening of hadronic spectra. Compared to standard parton energy loss calculations, a lower density of the QCD matter is then needed to account for the nuclear modification factor at the Large Hadron Collider.

$\beta$ decays from heavy, neutron-rich nuclei with $A\sim 190$ have been investigated following their production via the relativistic projectile fragmentation of an $E/A=1$ GeV ${}^{208}$Pb primary beam on a $\sim$2.5 g/cm${}^2$ ${}^9$Be target. The reaction products were separated and identified using the GSI FRagment Separator (FRS) and stopped in the RISING active stopper. $\gamma$ decays were observed and correlated with these secondary ions on an event-by-event basis such that $\gamma$-ray transitions following from both internal (isomeric) and $\beta$ decays were recorded. A number of discrete, $\beta$-delayed $\gamma$-ray transitions associated with $\beta$ decays from ${}^{194}$Re to excited states in ${}^{194}$Os have been observed, including previously reported decays from the yrast $I^{\pi }=\left(6^{+}\right)$ state. Three previously unreported $\gamma$-ray transitions with energies 194, 349, and 554 keV are also identified; these transitions are associated with decays from higher spin states in ${}^{194}$Os. The results of these investigations are compared with theoretical predictions from Nilsson multi-quasiparticle (MQP) calculations. Based on lifetime measurements and the observed feeding pattern to states in ${}^{194}$Os, it is concluded that there are three ${\beta }^{-}$-decaying states in ${}^{194}$Re.

In the present work we study asymmetric nuclear matter in the presence of strong external magnetic fields using the lowest-order constrained variational (LOCV) method with the AV${}_{18}$ potential and employing a microscopic point of view. According to our results, the induced phase transition to antiferromagnetic states occurs for asymmetric nuclear matter in a strong magnetic field.

The expansion of the fireball created in Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV is described in (3 + 1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamics with shear and bulk viscosities. We present results for the transverse momentum spectra, the directed and elliptic flow, and the interferometry radii.

This paper presents a detailed assessment of the ability of the 240 Skyrme interaction parameter sets in the literature to satisfy a series of criteria derived from macroscopic properties of nuclear matter in the vicinity of nuclear saturation density at zero temperature and their density dependence, derived by the liquid-drop model, in experiments with giant resonances and heavy-ion collisions. The objective is to identify those parametrizations which best satisfy the current understanding of the physics of nuclear matter over a wide range of applications. Out of the 240 models, only 16 are shown to satisfy all these constraints. Additional, more microscopic, constraints on the density dependence of the neutron and proton effective mass $\beta$-equilibrium matter, Landau parameters of symmetric and pure neutron nuclear matter, and observational data on high- and low-mass cold neutron stars further reduce this number to 5, a very small group of recommended Skyrme parametrizations to be used in future applications of the Skyrme interaction of nuclear-matter-related observables. Full information on partial fulfillment of individual constraints by all Skyrme models considered is given. The results are discussed in terms of the physical interpretation of the Skyrme interaction and the validity of its use in mean-field models. Future work on application of the Skyrme forces, selected on the basis of variables of nuclear matter, in the Hartree-Fock calculation of properties of finite nuclei, is outlined.

In the framework of Brueckner theory, the mass operator is evaluated up to second order in the hole-line expansion and the single-particle potentials of neutrons and protons are determined in asymmetric nuclear matter for different temperatures and densities. We find an almost linear dependence of the single-particle potentials on the nuclear asymmetry and important effects of finite temperature, particularly at low asymmetries. It is therefore important to take into account the effect of the ground-state correlations when applying the single-particle potentials to intermediate- and high-energy heavy-ion collisions.

The candidate chiral doublet bands in ${}^{128}$La have been searched for through the ${}^{118}$Sn(${}^{14}$N, 4n)${}^{128}$La reaction at a beam energy of 69 MeV. A positive-parity sideband with the same configuration as that of the yrast band has been identified. The positive-parity and spins of the sideband have been assigned based on the $\Delta I=1$ mixed $M1/E2$ and $E2$ characters of the linking transitions between the sideband and the yrast band. The properties of the sideband and the yrast band are discussed. The newly identified sideband and the yrast band are suggested to form the candidate of the near degenerate chiral doublet bands.

Background: Resonances observed through elastic scattering of protons on ${}^{15}$N can provide information about the partial widths, spin parities, and energies of excited states in ${}^{16}$O near the proton separation energy. This is the same energy region important for the nuclear astrophysics reactions ${}^{15}$N${(p,\gamma )}^{16}$O and ${}^{15}$N${(p,\alpha )}^{12}$C. While previous measurements have been made, they are limited in scope, especially in their angular coverage. Purpose: Obtain additional ${}^{15}$N${(p,p)}^{15}$N reaction data which can be used in a global multiple-channel $R$-matrix analysis of the ${}^{16}$O compound nucleus in order to better constrain the level parameters of states which contribute to the reaction ${}^{15}$N${(p,\gamma )}^{16}$O. Methods: Measure the excitation functions of ${}^{15}$N${(p,p)}^{15}$N over an energy range from $E_p$ $=$ 0.6 to 1.8 MeV at laboratory angles of 90${}^{\circ }$, 105${}^{\circ }$, 135${}^{\circ }$, 150${}^{\circ }$, and 165${}^{\circ }$. The reaction ${}^{15}$N${(p,{\alpha }_0)}^{12}$C was measured concurrently. Results: Ratios of the excitation functions were extracted from the yield data. Resonances were identified in the yield ratio data which correspond to previously reported levels in ${}^{16}$O. An $R$-matrix analysis, which fits the present data as well as previous measurements from the literature simultaneously, finds reasonable agreement between the current measurements and those in the literature. Conclusions: The additional data from this measurement will be combined with previous literature data in a comprehensive $R$-matrix analysis of reactions which populate ${}^{16}$O over a similar energy region.

Evaporation residue cross sections for ${}^{124,126,127,128}\mathrm{Sn}+{}^{64}\mathrm{Ni}$ and ${}^{132}\mathrm{Sn}+{}^{58}\mathrm{Ni}$ have been measured to study the effects of neutron excess in neutron-rich radioactive nuclei on the fusion probability. A comparison of the reduced evaporation residue cross sections for ${}^{126}\mathrm{Sn}+{}^{64}\mathrm{Ni}$ and ${}^{132}\mathrm{Sn}+{}^{58}\mathrm{Ni}$, which make the same compound nucleus, shows that the fusion probability is indistinguishable for reactions involving the same atomic elements, Sn and Ni, but different isotope combinations. For the reactions with ${}^{64}$Ni, the fusion probability does not decrease with increasing neutron excess in Sn, contrary to the result of the stable beam $\mathrm{Sn}+\mathrm{Zr}$ measurement.

Contrary to what is claimed by Ferrer et al. [Phys. Rev. C 82, 065802 (2010)], the magnetic field of a neutron star cannot exceed ${10}^{19}$ G and the thermodynamic pressure of dense magnetized fermion gas is isotropic.