The fusion cross sections of radioactive ${}^{134}$Te + ${}^{40}$Ca were measured at energies above and below the Coulomb barrier. The evaporation residues produced in the reaction were detected in a zero-degree ionization chamber providing high efficiency for inverse kinematics. Both coupled-channel calculations and comparison with similar Sn + Ca systems indicate an increased sub-barrier fusion probability that is correlated with the presence of positive $Q$-value neutron transfer channels. In comparison, the measured fusion excitation functions of ${}^{130}$Te + ${}^{58,64}$Ni, which have positive $Q$-value neutron transfer channels, were accurately reproduced by coupled-channel calculations including only inelastic excitations. The results demonstrate that the coupling of transfer channels can lead to enhanced sub-barrier fusion but this is not directly correlated with positive $Q$-value neutron transfer channels in all cases.

Theories of $(d,p)$ reactions frequently use a formalism based on a transition amplitude that is dominated by the components of the total three-body scattering wave function where the spatial separation between the incoming neutron and proton is confined by the range of the $n$-$p$ interaction, $V_{np}$. By comparison with calculations based on the continuum discretized coupled channels method we show that the $(d,p)$ transition amplitude is dominated by the first term of the expansion of the three-body wave function in a complete set of Weinberg states. We use the ${}^{132}$Sn($d,p$)${}^{133}$Sn reaction at 30 and 100 MeV as examples of contemporary interest. The generality of this observed dominance and its implications for future theoretical developments are discussed.

Charged-current single-pion production in scattering off ${}^{12}\text{C}$ is investigated for neutrino energies up to 1 GeV. A model of Nieves et al. [Phys. Rev. C 83, 045501 (2011)] is further developed by performing exact integration and avoiding several approximations. The effect of exact integration is investigated both for double-differential and total neutrino-nucleus cross sections. The impact of nuclear effects with in-medium modifications of the $\Delta \left(1232\right)$ resonance properties as well as an effective field theory nonresonant background contribution are discussed. The dependence of the fraction of $\Delta \left(1232\right)$ decays into $n$-particle–$n$-hole states on incident neutrino energy is estimated. The impact of various ingredients of the model on the ratio of muon to electron neutrino cross sections is investigated in detail.

The analogy between Fraunhofer diffraction effects observed in nuclear and subnuclear collisions and those observed with light diffracted by complementary screens is revisited. Emphasis will be put on the collision mechanisms playing a role analogous to that of an aperture in light diffraction. These analogies are illustrated with examples involving coherent and incoherent nuclear matter waves.

At the ALADIN-LAND setup at GSI the unbound nucleus ${}^{13}$Be has been produced in one-neutron knockout reactions from a 304 MeV/nucleon relativistic beam of ${}^{14}$Be ions impinging on a liquid hydrogen target. An analysis of the data including all available information about ${}^{13}$Be, and in particular recent data from a similar experiment performed at RIKEN, has been performed. A consistent description is reached. It is found that the excitation spectrum is dominated by $s$-waves at low energy, which solves problems from previous seemingly contradictory interpretations. A possible interference between two $s$-states in ${}^{13}$Be is also discussed. The results indicate that the ground-state wave function of ${}^{14}$Be is dominated by valence neutrons in the $s$-shell contributing with 60–75% of the total neutron knockout cross section.

An extensive study on the α-decay half-life for the isotopes of $Z$ = 119 superheavy nuclei in the range 274 ≤ $A$ ≤ 313 is performed within the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). We have also evaluated the decay properties by keeping the parents and daughter in spherical nuclear shape (without including the nuclear deformations), within the Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM). The half-life calculations are also performed by using the Viola-Seborg semi-empirical (VSS) relation, very frequently used for α-decay studies, and it can be seen that our predictions agree well with the computed VSS values. Our intention to understand the mode of decay of the isotopes was fulfilled through the spontaneous fission (SF) half-life calculations and the comparison of the α half-lives with the SF half-lives. Thus, our study reveals that those isotopes of $Z$ = 119 with $A$ ≥ 309 and with $A$ ≤ 275 do not survive fission, and thus, the α decay is restricted within the range of 276 ≤ $A$ ≤ 308. Through our study, we have predicted six consistent α chains from ${}^{292–295}$119, five consistent α chains from ${}^{296}$119, four consistent α chains from ${}^{297}$119, and three consistent α chains from ${}^{298,299}$119, and we hope these findings will provide a new guide for future experiments. A theoretical study is performed here to understand the mode of decay of the isotopes of $Z$ = 119, which helps to identify the mode of decay of about 40 isotopes within the range of 274 ≤ $A$ ≤ 313.

We present results for levels in ${}^{30}$S (the mirror nucleus of ${}^{30}$Si) that are used for the ${}^{29}$P($p$,$\gamma$) $rp$ reaction rate calculations. The resonance energies used in the reaction rate calculations are based on recent measurements which extend the excitation energy spectrum. The levels are checked against results from the isobaric mass multiplet equation and the binding energies of the $T=1$ analog states. Where the analog states are not known the levels are calculated with two-body interactions that use the $sd$-shell interactions USDA and USDB as the charge-independent parts, with a Coulomb, charge-dependent, and charge-asymmetric Hamiltonian added. The $\gamma$-decay lifetimes and ${}^{29}$P to ${}^{30}$S spectroscopic factors are also calculated with the same interactions, and together with experimental information on the levels of excited states are used to determine the ${}^{29}$P($p$,$\gamma$)${}^{30}$S reaction rates.

We use diagrammatic many-body perturbation theory in combination with low-momentum interactions derived from chiral effective field theory to construct effective shell-model transition operators for the neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay of ${}^{76}$Ge and ${}^{82}$Se. We include all unfolded diagrams that are first and second order in the interaction and all singly folded diagrams that can be constructed from them. The resulting effective operator, which accounts for physics outside the shell-model space, increases the nuclear matrix element by about 20$\%$ in ${}^{76}$Ge and 30$\%$ in ${}^{82}$Se.

The time differential perturbed angular distribution (TDPAD) technique has been used to measure the $g$ factor of the 173 keV ${\frac{9}{2}}^{-}$ and 2162 keV ${\frac{23}{2}}^{+}$ isomeric states in ${}^{129}$Ba with respect to the known value of the $g$ factor, $-0.159\left(5\right)$, of the 10${}^{+}$ isomeric state in ${}^{132}$Ba. The measured internal magnetic field at ${}^{132}$Ba in Fe at room temperature is $-6.0\left(2\right)$ T. The extracted $g$(${\frac{9}{2}}^{-}$) value, $-0.192\left(6\right)$, is consistent with the pure $\nu {\frac{9}{2}}^{-}$[514] Nilsson configuration while the $g$(${\frac{23}{2}}^{+}$) value, $-0.233\left(7\right)$, corresponds to the proposed three-quasineutron configuration ${\frac{5}{2}}^{+}$[402]$\otimes {\frac{7}{2}}^{-}$[523]$\otimes {\frac{11}{2}}^{-}$[505] with the admixture of $\nu {\frac{7}{2}}^{+}$[404]$\otimes {\frac{7}{2}}^{-}$[523]$\otimes {\frac{9}{2}}^{-}$[514] configuration.

The interacting boson model with configuration mixing, with parameters derived from the self-consistent mean-field calculation employing the microscopic Gogny energy density functional, is applied to the systematic analysis of the low-lying structure in Hg isotopes. Excitation energies, electromagnetic transition rates, deformation properties, and ground-state properties of the ${}^{172-204}$Hg nuclei are obtained by mapping the microscopic deformation energy surface onto the equivalent interacting boson model Hamiltonian in the boson condensate. These results point to the overall systematic trend of the transition from the near-spherical vibrational state in lower-mass Hg nuclei close to ${}^{172}$Hg, the onset of the intruder prolate configuration as well as the manifest prolate-oblate shape coexistence around the midshell nucleus ${}^{184}$Hg, and a weakly oblate deformed structure beyond ${}^{190}$Hg up to the spherical vibrational structure toward the near-semimagic nucleus ${}^{204}$Hg, as observed experimentally. The quality of the present method in the description of the complex shape dynamics in Hg isotopes is examined.

We study the trend of the nuclear symmetry energy in relativistic mean-field models with the appearance of the hyperon and quark degrees of freedom at high densities. On the pure hadron level, we focus on the role of $\Lambda$ hyperons in influencing the symmetry energy both at given fractions and at charge and chemical equilibriums. The softening of the nuclear symmetry energy is observed with the inclusion of the $\Lambda$ hyperons that suppresses the nucleon fraction. In the phase with the admixture of quarks and hadrons, the equation of state is established on the Gibbs conditions. With the increase of the quark phase fraction in denser and denser matter, the apparent nuclear symmetry energy decreases till it disappears. This softening would have associations with the observations which need detailed discriminations in dense matter with the admixture of new degrees of freedom created by heavy-ion collisions.

A recent parametrization of two-proton separation energies in O and Ne nuclei allows a prediction of the energy of ${}^{11}$O(g.s.): $S_{2p}=-5.41\left(11\right)$ MeV, which is considerably more unbound than another recent estimate.

The incompressibility of finite fermionic systems is investigated using analytical approaches and microscopic models. The incompressibility of a system is directly linked to the zero-point kinetic energy of constituent fermions, and this is a universal feature of fermionic systems. In the case of atomic nuclei, this implies a constant value of the incompressibility in medium-heavy and heavy nuclei. The evolution of nuclear incompressibility along Sn and Pb isotopic chains is analyzed using global microscopic models, based on both nonrelativistic and relativistic energy functionals. The result is an almost constant incompressibility in stable nuclei and systems not far from stability and a steep decrease in nuclei with pronounced neutron excess, caused by the emergence of a soft monopole mode in neutron-rich nuclei.

Simulations of relativistic heavy-ion collisions within the three-fluid model employing a purely hadronic equation of state (EoS) and two versions of the EoS involving deconfinement transition are presented. The latter are an EoS with the first-order phase transition and that with a smooth crossover transition. The model setup is described in detail. The analysis is performed in a wide range of incident energies 2.7 GeV $⩽\sqrt{s_{NN}}⩽$ 39 GeV in terms of the center-of-mass energy. Results on proton and net-proton rapidity distributions are reported. Comparison with available data indicate certain preference of the crossover EoS. It is found that predictions within deconfinement-transition scenarios exhibit a “peak-dip-peak-dip” irregularity in the incident energy dependence of the form of the net-proton rapidity distributions in central collisions. This irregularity is a signal of deconfinement onset occurring in the hot and dense stage of the nuclear collision.

Particle production in relativistic collisions of heavy nuclei is analyzed in a wide range of incident energies 2.7 GeV $\le \sqrt{s_{NN}}\le$ 62.4 GeV. The analysis is performed within the three-fluid model employing three different equations of state (EoSs): a purely hadronic EoS, an EoS with the first-order phase transition, and an EoS with a smooth crossover transition. It is found that the hadronic scenario fails to reproduce experimental yields of antibaryons (strange and nonstrange), starting already from lower Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) energies, i.e., $\sqrt{s_{NN}}>$ 5 GeV. Moreover, at energies above the top SPS one, i.e., $\sqrt{s_{NN}}>$ 17.4 GeV, the midrapidity densities predicted by the hadronic scenario considerably exceed the available Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider data on all species. At the same time the deconfinement-transition scenarios reasonably agree (to a various extent) with all the data. The present analysis demonstrates certain advantage of the deconfinement-transition EoSs. However, all scenarios fail to reproduce the strangeness enhancement in the incident energy range near 30$A$ GeV (i.e., a horn anomaly in the $K^{+}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio) and yields of $\varphi$ mesons at 20$A$–40$A$ GeV.

We apply the successful Monte Carlo Glauber and IP-Glasma initial-state models of heavy-ion collisions to the much smaller size systems produced in proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and deuteron-nucleus collisions. We observe a significantly greater sensitivity of the initial-state geometry to details of multiparticle production in these models compared to nucleus-nucleus collisions. In particular, we find that the size of the system produced in $p+A$ collisions is very similar to the one produced in $p+p$ collisions and predict comparable Hanbury-Brown-Twiss radii in the absence of flow in both systems. Differences in the eccentricities computed in the models are large, while differences among the generated flow coefficients $v_2$ and $v_3$ are smaller. For a large number of participants in proton-lead collisions, the $v_2$ generated in the IP-Glasma model is comparable to the value obtained in proton-proton collisions. Viscous corrections to flow are large over characteristic lifetimes in the smaller size systems. In contrast, viscous contributions are significantly diminished over the longer space-time evolution of a heavy-ion collision.

The measurement of the nuclear structure functions $F_2^A(x,Q^2)$ and $F_L^A(x,Q^2)$ at the future electron-ion collider will be of great relevance to understanding the origin of nuclear shadowing and to probe gluon saturation effects. Currently there are several phenomenological models, based on very distinct approaches, which describe the scarce experimental data quite successfully. One of main uncertainties comes from the schemes used to include the effects associated with the multiple scatterings and to unitarize the cross section. In this paper we compare the predictions of three distinct unitarization schemes of the nuclear structure function $F_2^A$ that use the same theoretical input to describe the projectile-nucleon interaction. In particular, we consider as input the predictions of the color glass condensate formalism, which reproduce the inclusive and diffractive $ep$ HERA data. Our results demonstrate that experimental analysis of $F_2^A$ is able to discriminate between the unitarization schemes.

Lüscher [M. Lüscher, Commun. Math. Phys. 105, 153 (1986); M. Lüscher, Nucl. Phys. B 354, 531 (1991)] has shown that in the single-channel problem (where the elastic region is below the first inelastic threshold) there exists a direct link between the discrete value of the energy in a finite QCD volume and the scattering phase shift at the same energy. However, when the theorem is extended to the baryon resonance sector (multichannel situation in the inelastic region above first inelastic threshold), eigenphases (diagonal multichannel quantities) replace phase shifts (single-channel quantities). It is necessary to stress that the renowned $\pi /2$ resonance criterion is formulated for eigenphases and not for phase shifts, so the resonance extracting procedure has to be applied with utmost care. The potential instability of extracting eigenphases from experimental data that occurs if an insufficient number of channels is used can be reduced if a trace function that explicitly takes the multichannel aspect of the problem into account is used instead of single-channel phase shifts.