The total cross sections for the ${}^{152}\mathrm{Gd}\left(p,\gamma \right){}^{153}\mathrm{Tb}$ and ${}^{152}\mathrm{Gd}(p,{n)}^{152}\mathrm{Tb}$ reactions have been measured by the activation method at effective center-of-mass energies $3.47\le E_{\mathrm{c}}.\mathrm{m}{.}^{\mathrm{eff}}\le 7.94$ MeV and $4.96\le E_{\mathrm{c}}.\mathrm{m}{.}^{\mathrm{eff}}\le 7.94$ MeV, respectively. The targets were prepared by evaporation of 30.6% isotopically enriched ${}^{152}\mathrm{Gd}$ oxide on aluminum backing foils, and bombarded with proton beams provided by a cyclotron accelerator. The cross sections were deduced from the observed $\gamma$-ray activity, which was detected off-line by an HPGe detector in a low background environment. The results are presented and compared with predictions of statistical model calculations. This comparison supports a modified optical proton+${}^{152}\mathrm{Gd}$ potential suggested earlier.

Excited states in the $N=88$ nucleus ${}^{153}\mathrm{Tb}$ were observed up to spin $\sim 40$ in an experiment utilizing the Gammasphere array. The ${}^{153}\mathrm{Tb}$ states were populated in a weak $\alpha 4n$ evaporation channel of the ${}^{37}\mathrm{Cl}$ + ${}^{124}\mathrm{Sn}$ reaction. Two previously known sequences were extended to higher spins, and a new decoupled structure was identified. The $\pi h_{11/2}$ band was observed in the spin region where other $N=88$ isotopes exhibit effects of prolate to oblate shape changes leading to band termination along the yrast line, whereas ${}^{153}\mathrm{Tb}$ displays a persistent collective behavior. However, minor perturbations of the very highest state in both signatures of this $h_{11/2}$ band are observed, which perhaps signal the start of the transition towards band termination.

The new neutron-deficient isotope ${}^{216}\mathrm{U}$ was produced in the complete-fusion reaction ${}^{180}\mathrm{W}({}^{40}\mathrm{Ar},4n){}^{216}\mathrm{U}$. The evaporation residues were separated from the primary beam in flight by the gas-filled recoil separator Spectrometer for Heavy Atoms and Nuclear Structure. The activities have been identified by the $\alpha \text{−}\alpha$ position and time correlation measurements. Two $\alpha$-decaying states with $E_{\alpha }=8384\left(30\right)$ keV, $T_{1/2}=4.{72}_{-1.57}^{+4.72}$ ms for the ground state and $E_{\alpha }=10582\left(30\right)$ keV, $T_{1/2}=0.{74}_{-0.29}^{+1.34}$ ms for an isomeric state were identified in ${}^{216}\mathrm{U}$.

In this paper we present a timely application of the proton-neutron deformed quasiparticle random-phase approximation $(pn$-dQRPA), designed to describe in a consistent way the $1^{+}$ Gamow-Teller states in odd-odd deformed nuclei. For this purpose we apply a projection before variation procedure by using a single-particle basis with projected angular momentum, provided by the diagonalization of a spherical mean field plus quadrupole-quadrupole interaction. The residual Hamiltonian contains pairing plus proton-neutron dipole terms in particle-hole and particle-particle channels, with constant strengths. As an example we describe the two-neutrino double-beta $\left(2\nu \beta \beta \right)$ decay of ${}^{150}\mathrm{Nd}$ to the ground state of ${}^{150}\mathrm{Sm}$. The experimental $\left(p,n\right)$ type of strength in ${}^{150}\mathrm{Nd}$ and the $\left(n,p\right)$ type of strength in ${}^{150}\mathrm{Sm}$ are reasonably reproduced and the $2\nu \beta \beta$ decay matrix element depicts a strong dependence upon the particle-particle strength $g_{pp}$. The experimental half-life is reproduced for $g_{pp}=0.05$. It turns out that the measured half-lives for $2\nu \beta \beta$ transitions between other deformed superfluid partners with mass numbers $A=82$,96,100,128,130,238 are reproduced with fairly good accuracy by using this value of $g_{pp}$.

The longitudinal momentum distributions of ${}^7\mathrm{Be}$ fragments in the breakup of ${}^8\mathrm{B}$ on a carbon target have been measured at 36 MeV/u. The different mechanisms have been distinguished by coincidence measurements. The longitudinal momentum distributions of ${}^7\mathrm{Be}$ fragments from both the stripping and the diffraction mechanisms are consistent with the results of noneikonal calculations and CDCC calculations. The full widths at half maximum of the longitudinal momentum distributions are $124\pm 17$ and $92\pm 7$ MeV/$c$ for the stripping and diffraction components, respectively. The comparison with the different model calculations is discussed. It is crucial to separate the different reaction mechanisms experimentally to benchmark nuclear reaction theories.

We calculate for the first time the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the ${}^6\mathrm{Li}$ nucleus within the $\alpha +p+n$ three-body cluster model using the Gaussian expansion method, assuming the one-meson exchange $P$, CP-odd nuclear forces. It is found that the EDM of ${}^6\mathrm{Li}$ is 2 times more sensitive to the isovector pion exchange $P$, CP-odd nuclear force than the deuteron EDM because of the CP-odd interaction between the nucleons and the $\alpha$ cluster. The ${}^9\mathrm{Be}$ EDM is also calculated in the same framework as an $\alpha +\alpha +n$ three-body system. We also test the ab initio calculation of the EDM of the deuteron, ${}^3\mathrm{H}$, and ${}^3\mathrm{He}$ nuclei using the realistic Argonne $v18$ nuclear force. In the ab initio calculations, good agreements with previous studies are obtained. We finally discuss the prospects for new physics beyond the standard model.

We present evidence of strong radial flow in high-multiplicity $pp$ collisions. We analyze the CMS Collaboration data on the inclusive spectra of the charged pions, kaons and protons in the Large Hadron Collider $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV collisions. For $\langle N_{\mathrm{tracks}}\rangle \gtrsim 75$ we demonstrate the consistency of the hydrodynamic description with the (idealized) Gubser flow. Using a one-parameter fit of the model to experimental data, we obtain the initial fireball size to be of the order of 1 fm. At smaller multiplicities, the fit cannot be performed, which shows a limitation of the hydrodynamic approach and provides us with falsifiability of our theory.

A complete and consistent inversion technique is proposed to derive an accurate interaction potential from an effective-range function for a given partial wave in the neutral case. First, the effective-range function is Taylor or Padé expanded, which allows high precision fitting of the experimental scattering phase shifts with a minimal number of parameters on a large energy range. Second, the corresponding poles of the scattering matrix are extracted in the complex wave-number plane. Third, the interaction potential is constructed with supersymmetric transformations of the radial Schrödinger equation. As an illustration, the method is applied to the experimental phase shifts of the neutron-proton elastic scattering in the ${}^1{S}_0$ and ${}^1{D}_2$ channels on the $[0–350]$ MeV laboratory energy interval.

We investigate positive-parity states of ${}^{10}\mathrm{B}$ with the calculation of antisymmetrized molecular dynamics focusing on $pn$ pair correlations. We discuss effects of the spin-orbit interaction on energy spectra and $pn$ correlations of the $J^{\pi }T=1_1^{+}0,3_1^{+}0$, and $0_1^{+}1$ states. The $1_1^{+}0$ state has almost no energy gain of the spin-orbit interaction, whereas the $3_1^{+}0$ state gains the spin-orbit interaction energy largely to come down to the ground state. We analyze the spin-orbit interaction dependence of the ${}^{10}\mathrm{B}$ spectra and find that the ordering of the $3_1^{+}0$ and $1_1^{+}0$ states is sensitive to the spin-orbit interaction. We also apply a $2\alpha +pn$ model to discuss effects of the spin-orbit interaction on $T=0$ and $T=1pn$ pairs around the $2\alpha$ core. In the spin-aligned $J^{\pi }T=3^{+}0$ state, the spin-orbit interaction affects the $\left(ST\right)=\left(10\right)$ pair attractively and keeps the pair close to the core, whereas, in the $1^{+}0$ state, it gives a minor effect to the $\left(ST\right)=\left(10\right)$ pair. In the $0^{+}1$ state, the $\left(ST\right)=\left(01\right)$ pair is somewhat dissociated by the spin-orbit interaction.

The $\beta$ decay of ${}^{129}\mathrm{Cd}$, produced in the relativistic fission of a ${}^{238}\mathrm{U}$ beam, was experimentally studied at the RIBF facility at the RIKEN Nishina Center. From the $\gamma$ radiation emitted after the $\beta$ decays, a level scheme of ${}^{129}\mathrm{In}$ was established comprising 31 excited states and 69 $\gamma$-ray transitions. The experimentally determined level energies are compared to state-of-the-art shell-model calculations. The half-lives of the two $\beta$-decaying states in ${}^{129}\mathrm{Cd}$ were deduced and the $\beta$ feeding to excited states in ${}^{129}\mathrm{In}$ were analyzed. It is found that, as in most cases in the $Z<50$, $N\le 82$ region, both decays are dominated by the $\nu 0g_{7/2}\to \pi 0g_{9/2}$ Gamow–Teller transition, although the contribution of first-forbidden transitions cannot be neglected.

Background: Statistical measures of chaos have long been used in the study of chaotic dynamics in the framework of the interacting boson model. The use of large numbers of bosons renders possible additional studies of chaos that can provide a direct comparison with similar classical studies of chaos.

Purpose: We intend to provide complete quantum chaotic dynamics at zero angular momentum in the vicinity of the arc of regularity and link the results of the study of chaos using statistical measures with those of the study of chaos using classical measures.

Method: Statistical measures of chaos are applied on the spectrum and the transition intensities of $0^{+}$ states in the framework of the interacting boson model.

Results: The energy dependence of chaos is provided for the first time using statistical measures of chaos. The position of the arc of regularity was also found to be stable in the limit of large boson numbers.

Conclusions: The results of the study of chaos using statistical measures are consistent with previous studies using classical measures of chaos, as well as with studies using statistical measures of chaos, but for small number of bosons and states with angular momentum greater than 2.

It was shown that the evolution of the $B(E2;2_1^{+}\to 0_1^{+})$ values in $N$ = 80 isotones from Te to Nd is affected by the underlying subshell structure. This manifests itself in the observation of the local suppression of the $B\left(E2\right)$ value at $Z=58$ with respect to the neighboring nuclei ${}^{136}\mathrm{Ba}$ and ${}^{140}\mathrm{Nd}$. To investigate this shell sensitivity toward the $Z=64$ subshell gap, the $B(E2;2_1^{+}\to 0_1^{+})$ value of the unstable nucleus ${}^{142}\mathrm{Sm}$ was measured utilizing the projectile Coulomb excitation technique. The radioactive ion beam (RIB) experiment was performed at the REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN. The $B\left(E2\right)$ value of $32\left(4\right)\mathrm{W}.\mathrm{u}.$ reflects the impact of the $\pi \left(1g_{7/2}2d_{5/2}\right)$ subshell closure at $Z=64$ with respect to a linear scaling of collectivity with valence proton number.

The average electromagnetic dipole response of levels in the quasicontinuum of ${}^{197,198}\mathrm{Au}$ has been measured using $({}^3\mathrm{He},{}^3{\mathrm{He}}^{\prime })$ and $\left(d,p\right)$ reactions. The extracted $\gamma$-ray strength functions have been normalized according to three model assumptions for the nuclear spin distribution. An enhancement in the energy region $E_{\gamma }=3.0\text{–}6.5$ MeV is observed for both isotopes. The $E1$ component of such excess of strength is studied in detail for ${}^{198}\mathrm{Au}$ and is interpreted as the pygmy dipole resonance with an energy centroid of $5.9\left(1\right)$ MeV and exhausts about $1\%$ of the total integrated strength. The pygmy dipole resonance is shown to have a significant impact on the calculated ${}^{197}\mathrm{Au}{(n,\gamma )}^{198}\mathrm{Au}$ cross section.

Within the framework of the isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (IBUU) transport model, we studied the effects of the pion potential and the symmetry energy on the pion production in central ${}^{197}\mathrm{Au}+{}^{197}\mathrm{Au}$ collisions around the pion production threshold. It is found that the pion potential has opposite effects on the value of the ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio at low and high pion energies. The effect of the pion potential on the total ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio becomes larger in heavy-ion collisions at beam energies below the pion production threshold. At beam energies below the pion production threshold, with the pion potential, the effect of the symmetry energy on the ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ ratio becomes smaller compared with that above the pion production threshold.

Coarse-grained output from transport calculations is used to determine thermal dilepton emission rates by applying medium-modified spectral functions from thermal quantum field theoretical models. By averaging over an ensemble of events generated with the Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) transport model, we extract the local thermodynamic properties at each time step of the calculation. With an equation of state the temperature $T$ and chemical potential ${\mu }_{\mathrm{B}}$ can be determined. The approach goes beyond simplified fireball models of the bulk-medium evolution by treating the full (3+1)-dimensional expansion of the system with realistic time and density profiles. For the calculation of thermal dilepton rates we use the in-medium spectral function of the $\rho$ meson developed by Rapp and Wambach and consider thermal quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and multipion contributions as well. The approach is applied to the evaluation of dimuon production in In+In collisions at top CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) energy. Comparison to the experimental results of the NA60 experiment shows good agreement of this ansatz. We find that the experimentally observed low-mass dilepton excess in the mass region from 0.2 to 0.6 GeV can be explained by a broadening of the $\rho$ spectral function with a small mass shift. In contrast, the intermediate-mass region $(M>1.5$ GeV) is dominated by a contribution from the quark-gluon plasma. These findings agree with previous calculations with fireball parametrizations. This agreement, in spite of differences in the reaction dynamics between both approaches, indicates that the time-integrated dilepton spectra are not very sensitive to details of the space-time evolution of the collision.

We analyze correlations between the event-plane angles in different intervals of pseudorapidity within the 3+1-dimensional viscous hydrodynamics with the Glauber-model initial conditions. As predicted earlier, the fluctuations in the particle production mechanism in the earliest stage, together with asymmetry of the emission profiles in pseudorapidity from the forward and backwardgoing wounded nucleons, lead to the torque effect, namely, decorrelation of the event-plane angles in distant pseudorapidity bins. We use two- or three-bin measures of correlation functions to quantify the effect, with the latter compared to the recent data from the CMS collaboration. We find a sizable torque effect, with magnitude larger at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider than at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.

The first data on target and beam-target asymmetries for the $\gamma p\to {\pi }^0\eta p$ reaction at photon energies from 1050 up to 1450 MeV are presented. The measurements were performed using the Crystal Ball and TAPS detector setup at the Glasgow tagged photon facility of the Mainz Microtron MAMI. The general assumption that the reaction is dominated by the $\mathrm{\Delta }3/2^{-}$ amplitude is confirmed. The data are in particular sensitive to small contributions from other partial waves.

We systematically compare an event-by-event heavy-ion collision model to data from the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Using a general Bayesian method, we probe multiple model parameters including fundamental quark-gluon plasma properties such as the specific shear viscosity $\eta /s$, calibrate the model to optimally reproduce experimental data, and extract quantitative constraints for all parameters simultaneously. The method is universal and easily extensible to other data and collision models.

The study of exclusive processes in the future electron-ion $\left(eA\right)$ colliders will be an important tool to investigate the QCD dynamics at high energies as they are in general driven by the gluon content of the target which is strongly subject to parton saturation effects. In this paper we compute the coherent and incoherent cross sections for the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) process relying on the color dipole approach and considering different models for the dipole-proton scattering amplitude. The dependencies of the cross sections with the energy, photon virtuality, nuclear mass number, and squared momentum transfer are analyzed in detail. We demonstrate that the ratio between the incoherent and coherent cross sections decreases at smaller values of $Q^2$ and increases at smaller values of $A$. We show that the coherent cross section dominates at small $t$ and exhibits the typical diffractive pattern, with the number of dips in the range $\left|t\right|\le 0.3{\mathrm{GeV}}^2$ increasing with the mass atomic number. Our results indicate that the position of the dips are independent of the model used to treat the dipole-proton interaction as well as of the center-of-mass energy.

In this paper we study nucleon-pair correlations of low-lying states for two typical cases of even-even $N=Z$ nuclei. The first case is a single $g_{9/2}$ shell with eight valence nucleons. In this case we study $S$-pair, isoscalar spin-aligned-pair, isoscalar spin-one-pair approximations, with both schematic and realistic interactions. We find that electric quadrupole transition rates and electric quadrupole moments exhibit different patterns depending on the pair-truncated scheme. In the second case we study ground states of ${}^{20}\mathrm{Ne},{}^{24}\mathrm{Mg},{}^{32}\mathrm{S},{}^{36}\mathrm{Ar},{}^{44}\mathrm{Ti},{}^{48}\mathrm{Cr},{}^{60}\mathrm{Zn},{}^{64}\mathrm{Ge},{}^{92}\mathrm{Pd}$, and ${}^{96}\mathrm{Cd}$. For ground states of these nuclei, the $S$-pair approximation is reasonably good (though not as good as for semimagic nuclei); the isoscalar spin-one-pair approximation is not very good. The isoscalar spin-aligned pair approximation is good for ground states of ${}^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ and ${}^{96}\mathrm{Cd}$, and not very good for ${}^{48}\mathrm{Cr}$ and ${}^{92}\mathrm{Pd}$. The effect of the spin-orbit coupling strength on pairing correlations is studied. Our calculations suggests that the spin-orbit coupling favors the $S$-pair correlation in ground states of $N=Z$ nuclei.