Lifetimes, nuclear $g$ factors, and $\frac{E2\mathrm{}}{M1\mathrm{}}$ mixing ratios have been determined in ${\mathrm{Os}}^{192}$ and ${\mathrm{Pt}}^{192}$, and some previous determinations reevaluated. The following values have been established. For ${\mathrm{Os}}^{192}$: $g_2=+0.29\mathrm{}\pm 0.05$; $\delta \mathrm{}\left(484\right)=+{{7.6}_{-1.3\mathrm{}}}^{+2.4\mathrm{}}$. For ${\mathrm{Pt}}^{192}$: ${\tau }_2=50.0\mathrm{}\pm 3.4$ psec; ${{\tau }_2}^{\prime }=29\mathrm{}\pm 3$ psec; $g_2=+0.296\mathrm{}\pm 0.022$; ${g_2}^{\prime }=+0.29\mathrm{}\pm 0.05$; $\delta \mathrm{}\left(604\right)=+2.5\mathrm{}\pm 0.2$; $\delta \mathrm{}\left(308\right)=-{{6.3}_{-0.6\mathrm{}}}^{+0.5\mathrm{}}$. Nuclear magnetic moments are analyzed in terms of Greiner's vibrational-rotational model, transition probabilities and $\frac{E2\mathrm{}}{M1\mathrm{}}$ mixing ratios are compared to the theoretical predictions of Kumar and Baranger's model.

Independent fission yields of ${}_{}{}^{95}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$ from thermal neutron fission of ${}_{}{}^{235}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$ and ${}_{}{}^{233}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$ have been determined to be 0.004±0.002 and 0.034±0.006, respectively. From the values obtained, together with previously measured yields, the width of the charge dispersion for mass-95 fission products in ${}_{}{}^{235}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$ fission was found to be 0.53±0.03 in terms of the width parameter $\sigma$ of the normal Gaussian curve. An upper limit of 0.56 for $\sigma$ in the case of mass-95 products from ${}_{}{}^{233}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$ fission indicates that charge dispersion in this system is similar to that for ${}_{}{}^{235}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$.

Independent yields of ${}_{}{}^{132}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{I}$, ${}_{}{}^{133}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{I}$, and ${}_{}{}^{134}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{I}$ have been measured from thermal-neutron-induced fission of ${}_{}{}^{233}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$. The yields, each expressed as the ratio of iodine independent yield to iodine cumulative yield, are 0.06±0.03, 0.21±0.03, and 0.370±0.013 for ${}_{}{}^{132}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{I}$, ${}_{}{}^{133}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{I}$, and ${}_{}{}^{134}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{I}$, respectively. Values of $Z_p$ estimated from these yields with the assumption that charge distribution can be represented by a Gaussian curve with standard deviation $\sigma$ of 0.59±0.06 are ${51.58}_{-0.30\mathrm{}}^{+0.21\mathrm{}}$, ${52.02}_{-0.12\mathrm{}}^{+0.10\mathrm{}}$, and 52.33±0.03 for ${}_{}{}^{132}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{I}$, ${}_{}{}^{133}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{I}$, and ${}_{}{}^{134}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{I}$, respectively. The values of $Z_p$ are consistent with those previously reported for other chains in this mass region.

We report recoil angular distribution measurements from (${\mathrm{C}}^{12}$, $\mathrm{xn}$) compound-nucleus reactions with ${\mathrm{Sn}}^{118}$, ${\mathrm{Sn}}^{119}$, ${\mathrm{Sn}}^{120}$, and ${\mathrm{Sn}}^{122}$. In each case, the final product investigated was ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{126}$, corresponding to reactions in which 4, 5, 6, and 8 neutrons are emitted. The data have been analyzed to yield information on the average total energies of neutrons and photons emitted in the deexcitation of the compound nuclei. Evidence is presented for significant competition between neutron evaporation and $\gamma$-ray deexcitation processes, particularly for the $4n$ and $5n$ reactions. At the higher bombarding energies, the total energy dissipated as $\gamma$ radiation is an appreciable fraction of the available decay energy.

The ${}_{}{}^{236}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}({}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}, d){}_{}{}^{237}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Np}$ and ${}_{}{}^{236}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}(\alpha , t){}_{}{}^{237}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Np}$ reactions were studied with 30-MeV ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ and ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ beams. Rotational bands built upon the following Nilsson proton configurations in ${}_{}{}^{237}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Np}$ were identified: ${\frac{5}{2}}^{+}\mathrm{}\left[642\right]\mathrm{}$ (0 keV), ${\frac{5}{2}}^{-}\mathrm{}\left[523\right]\mathrm{}$ (60 keV), ${\mathrm{½}}^{-}$[530] (268 keV), ${\frac{3}{2}}^{-}\mathrm{}\left[521\right]\mathrm{}$ (514 keV). Experimental spectroscopic factors are compared with theoretical ones computed for Woods-Saxon and harmonic-oscillator-type nuclear potentials. A strong $l$ dependence of the cross-section ratio $\frac{d\sigma (\alpha , t)}{d\sigma ({}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}, d)}$ has been observed.

${}_{}{}^{113m}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}$ is known to decay with a 99-min half-life predominantly by an $M4\mathrm{}$ transition of 393 keV to ${}_{}{}^{113}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}$. We find that it also decays by a weak $K$-capture branch of (0.07±0.01)% to ${}_{}{}^{113}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cd}$. Using a high-resolution Ge(Li) detector (600 eV for the ${}_{}{}^{55}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Fe}$ $K$ x ray) and ${}_{}{}^{113m}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}$ sources we have carried out careful experiments which reveal the presence of Cd $K$ x rays with an intensity of 0.0024 relative to In $K$ x rays. Supporting evidence comes from the $\frac{\left(\mathrm{Cd}K\alpha \right)}{\left(\mathrm{Cd}K\beta \right)}$ ratio of 4±2, the half-life, and the observation that chemical treatment to remove Cd impurity that might be fluorescence-excited by the In $K\beta$ x rays did not affect the Cd $K$ x-ray intensity. The measured intensity corresponds to a $log\mathrm{ft}$ of 5.1±0.3. This is rather low but not unusual for a first-forbidden transition. Analysis of the effects of backscattering and collimation was crucial to the success of the experiment. The significance of the result lies in the fact that the inverse reaction ${}_{}{}^{113}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cd}+\nu \to {}_{}{}^{113m}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}+e^{-}\to {}_{}{}^{113}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}+393\mathrm{} \mathrm{keV}+e^{-}$ could serve as a possible low-threshold detector for low-energy neutrinos (<100 keV).

Excitation functions were measured for elastic and inelastic scattering of protons on a ${}_{}{}^{92}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$ target in the bombarding energy range of 6.0-10.0 MeV. Inelastic groups were detected from the $2^{+}$ (0.93-MeV), $0^{+}$ (1.38-MeV), $2^{+}$ (1.85-MeV), $2^{+}$ (2.07-MeV), and $3^{-}$ (2.33-MeV) levels of ${}_{}{}^{92}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$. Angular distributions taken on inelastic scattering resonances were used to identify the total angular momenta of the inelastically scattered protons. Partial widths were extracted for elastic and inelastic scattering resonances and spectroscopic factors calculated. From these, weak-coupling wave functions for several levels in ${}_{}{}^{93}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$ were obtained for neutrons coupled to the various excited states of ${}_{}{}^{92}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$.

Elastic and inelastic proton scattering on ${}_{}{}^{98}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}$ was performed over the region of excitation of isobaric analog resonances to investigate the nature of the first two excited states of ${}_{}{}^{98}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}$ at 0.736 MeV ($0^{+}$) and 0.787 MeV ($2^{+}$). The experiment allowed the determination of spectroscopic factors for states in ${}_{}{}^{99}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}$ relative to these two excited core states in ${}_{}{}^{98}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}$. Spectroscopic factors extracted from the elastic data are appreciably smaller than the corresponding ($d, p$) spectroscopic factors. Angular distributions taken on the inelastic scattering resonances are used to determine the $j$ value in the exit channel. The 0.736-MeV ($0^{+}$) and 0.787-MeV ($2^{+}$) states of ${}_{}{}^{98}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}$ are not found to be "good" core states for weak coupling.

The nucleus ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$, together with its first excited state ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$*, is treated as a three-body problem consisting of an $\alpha$ particle, a proton, and a neutron, interacting through separable potentials in pairs. The $N-N$ potential includes a tensor force in addition to a central ($S$-wave) term of the Yamaguchi type. The $p$-wave part of the $\alpha -N$ potential is parametrized in terms of the sum of a central and a small spin-orbit term which fits the experimental $P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ and $P_{\frac{1}{2}}\alpha -N$ phase shifts quite accurately. The smallness of the spin-orbit part justifies its omission from the full three-body equations. The binding energies and the wave functions for the ground ($J^P=1^{+}$) and excited ($J^P=0^{+}$) states of ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$ are calculated by solving the coupled Faddeev equations numerically. The calculated binding energy for the $1^{+}$ state is a little higher than, and that for the $0^{+}$ state a little lower than, the corresponding experimental values, corrected for Coulomb effects.

Activation cross sections for the ($n, 2n$) reaction in the region of $Z=40-60\mathrm{}$ at 14.4±0.3 MeV have been measured by using the mixed-powder method and Ge(Li) $\gamma$-ray detection. The total cross sections ($m+g$) measured are (in mb) ${\mathrm{Zr}}^{90}$, 652±31; ${\mathrm{Zr}}^{96}$, 1456±80; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{92}$, 217±18; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{100}$, 1389±84; ${\mathrm{Ru}}^{96}$, 569±30; ${\mathrm{Ru}}^{98}$, 1168±96; ${\mathrm{Ru}}^{104}$, 1440±80; ${\mathrm{Rh}}^{103}$, 957±57; ${\mathrm{Pd}}^{102}$, 637±45; ${\mathrm{Pd}}^{110}$, 1416±150; ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{108}$, 865±100; ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{110}$, 1221±150; ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{116}$, 1389±71; ${\mathrm{Sn}}^{114}$, 1239±130; ${\mathrm{Sb}}^{121}$, 1615±63; ${\mathrm{Sb}}^{123}$, 1542±80; ${\mathrm{Te}}^{122}$, 1615±110; ${\mathrm{Te}}^{128}$, 1661±161; ${\mathrm{Te}}^{130}$, 1455±55; ${\mathrm{I}}^{127}$, 1649±80; ${\mathrm{Cs}}^{133}$, 1542±75; ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{132}$, 1574±100; ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{136}$, 1318±90; ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{140}$, 1593±130; and ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{141}$, 1730±170. Some partial ($n, 2n$) cross sections also are reported. The measured values are compared with the semiempirical predictions of Pearlstein and of Gardner. No significant shell effects are seen, and the data suggest that 14-MeV ($n, 2n$) reactions are governed predominantly by the statistical model of the compound nucleus. An empirical fit for the ratio of neutron emission to all modes of compound-nucleus decay, $\frac{{\sigma }_{n,M}}{{\sigma }_{\mathrm{ne}}}$, is deduced from the present results.

The following activation cross sections (in mb) for the ($n, p$), [$(n, np)+(n, pn)+(n, d)$] and ($n, \alpha$) reactions in the region of $Z=40-58\mathrm{}$ have been determined at 14.4±0.3 MeV by using the mixed powder method with Ge(Li) $\gamma$-ray detection: ${\mathrm{Zr}}^{90}(n, p){\mathrm{Y}}^{90m}$ (3.1 h), 12.9±1.0; ${\mathrm{Zr}}^{91}(n, p){\mathrm{Y}}^{91m}$ (50.3 min), 18.6±1.9; ${\mathrm{Zr}}^{92}(n, p){\mathrm{Y}}^{92}$ (3.53 h), 18.5±2.7; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{92}(n, p){\mathrm{Mb}}^{92m}$ (10.1 day), 62.5±4.0; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{96}(n, p){\mathrm{Nb}}^{96}$ (23.35 h), 21.3±1.5; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{97}(n, p){\mathrm{Nb}}^{97m}$ (1 min), 7.4±0.8; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{97}(n, p){\mathrm{Nb}}^{97g}$ (72 min), 8.5±1.0; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{98}(n, p){\mathrm{Nb}}^{98g}$ (51 min), 4.1±0.5; ${\mathrm{Ru}}^{96}(n, p){\mathrm{Tc}}^{96}$ (4.35 day), 146±7; ${\mathrm{Rh}}^{103}(n, p){\mathrm{Ru}}^{103}$ (39.5 day), 16.9±1.5; ${\mathrm{Pd}}^{105}(n, p){\mathrm{Rh}}^{105}$ (35.9 h), 37.6±2.0; ${\mathrm{Pd}}^{106}(n, p){\mathrm{Rh}}^{106m}$ (130 min), 6.0±0.4; ${\mathrm{Pd}}^{106}(n, p){\mathrm{Ru}}^{106g}$ (30 sec), 18±4; ${\mathrm{Pd}}^{108}(n, p){\mathrm{Rh}}^{108}$ (16.8 sec), 8.3±1.5; ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{112}(n, p){\mathrm{Ag}}^{112}$ (3.14 h), 15.0±1.3; ${\mathrm{Sn}}^{116}(n, p){\mathrm{In}}^{116m}$ (54 min), 7.9±0.8; ${\mathrm{Sn}}^{117}(n, p){\mathrm{In}}^{117m}$ (1.93h), 5.7±1.5; ${\mathrm{Sn}}^{117}(n, p){\mathrm{In}}^{117g}$ (45 min), 9.8±1.6; ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{138}(n, p){\mathrm{Cs}}^{138}$ (32.2 min), 3.8±0.6; ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{140}(n, p){\mathrm{La}}^{140}$ (40.22 h), 6.3±0.5; ${\mathrm{Zr}}^{94}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Sr}}^{91}$ (9.67 h), 5.0±1.0; ${\mathrm{Nb}}^{93}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Y}}^{90m}$ (3.1 h), 5.3±0.5; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{92}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Zr}}^{89m}$ (4.18 min), 9.4±0.9; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{92}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Zr}}^{89g}$ (78.4 h), 18.7±1.5; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{98}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Zr}}^{95}$ (65.5 day), 8.1±1.0; ${\mathrm{Pd}}^{106}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Ru}}^{103}$ (39.5 day), 5.6±0.7; ${\mathrm{Pd}}^{108}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Ru}}^{105}$ (4.44 h), 2.7±0.3; ${\mathrm{Cs}}^{133}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{I}}^{130}$ (12.3 h), 1.96±0.15; ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{138}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Xe}}^{135m}$ (15.6 min), 0.55±0.05; ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{138}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Xe}}^{135g}$ (9.14 h), 2.0±0.2; ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{142}(n, \alpha ){\mathrm{Ba}}^{139}$ (82.9 min), 6.0±1.0; ${\mathrm{Ru}}^{96}\left[\right(n, np)+(n, pn)+(n,d\left)\right]{\mathrm{Tc}}^{95m}$ (61.0 day), 52±10; and ${\mathrm{Ru}}^{96}\left[\right(n, np)+(n, pn)+(n, d\left)\right]{\mathrm{Tc}}^{95g}$ (20 h), 483±50. The total ($n, p$) cross sections are compared with Levkovskii's predictions and show good agreement. The relative ($n, p$) cross sections of Mo and Pd also are compared with Gardner's predictions.

Assuming isospin conservation, we perform an analysis of the two-nucleon transfer reactions ($p, t$) and ($p$, ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$) on a target with isospin $T_i$ going to analog final states with $T_f=T_i$. Formulas for the relevant cross sections are given which explicitly show the isospin dependence of the transferred pair. When restricted to $T=1\mathrm{}$ pair transfer, our result is more general than that recently derived by Hardy, Brunnader, and Cerny.

The single-particle energy states of neutrons calculated for several finite nuclei are found in good agreement with the experimental data. An effective velocity-dependent nucleon-nuclear potential based upon the $N-N$ interaction has been employed in the independent-particle model, and the spin-orbit effect has been studied.

A calculation of the angular distribution of recoil products resulting from compound nuclear ($\alpha , n$) reactions has been programmed on the basis of the spin-dependent statistical theory of nuclear reactions. The program, which is based on the Monte Carlo technique, considers the emission of neutrons, protons, $\alpha$ particles, and $\gamma$ rays, and uses either the Fermi-gas or the superconductor model of the nucleus. The computed angular distributions have been compared with the experimental results for various ($\alpha , n$) reactions and, in agreement with experiment, exhibit a smooth dropoff from a peak close to 0°. This contrasts with the marked disagreement between the experimental results and previous spin-independent calculations, which predicted a peak at large angles to the beam. The difference is ascribed to the effect of competitive $\gamma$-ray emission, which is not adequately considered in spin-independent calculations. The present calculation predicts a faster decrease with angle in the magnitude of the differential cross section than is observed experimentally. This result is independent of the specific parameterization of the calculation and may reflect a small contribution from direct interactions.

The giant resonance region of ${\mathrm{C}}^{12}$ and ${\mathrm{O}}^{16}$ is investigated using a continuum model, which is based on configuration mixing of negative-parity particle-hole states, with the particle in the continuum. Using this model $T=1\mathrm{}$, $J^{\pi }=1^{-}, \mathrm{and} 2^{-}$ electron-scattering spectra are calculated as well as the $0^{-}$, $1^{-}$, and $2^{-}$ nuclear-excitation spectra (or equivalently the neutrino spectra) in $\mu$ capture. The $\mathrm{SU}\left(4\right)\mathrm{}$ relationship ${M_P}^2={M_V}^2={M_A}^2$ is tested and found to be satisfied in both nuclei to better than 10%. In addition, the relationship $\left({M_V}^2\right)={\left({M_V}^2\right)}_{\mathrm{UD}}{\left|F_{\mathrm{el}}\right({{\nu }_{\mathrm{res}}}^2\left)\right|}^2$ is tested and found to hold to within 3%. Both of these results justify the previous work of Foldy and Walecka on calculations of total-muon-capture rates. The detailed behavior of the electron scattering spectra is examined as a function of momentum transfer with emphasis on the magnetic contribution to the $1^{-}$ transverse electric spectra and the giant magnetic quadrupole resonances. The momentum dependence of integrated form factors for certain regions of the excitation spectra is also investigated.

The scattering matrix is derived for the scattering of nucleons by nuclei lacking one nucleon from being doubly magic. It is assumed that an average field has been determined through a Hartree-Fock procedure (HF). The residual interaction is treated in the random-phase approximation (RPA). In contrast to previous treatments, it is not assumed that this interaction is separable. The RPA ground state of the compound system is given by a correlated wave function $|{\Psi }_0〉$. It is assumed that states of the target and residual nucleus can be described as one-hole states in this correlated ground state $|{\Psi }_0〉$. It is found that the RPA equations allow for a proper definition of asymptotic states only if the full Hamiltonian (including the c.m. energy) is used in the HF procedure. A general, yet explicit, expression for the $S$ matrix is obtained by applying to the channel-channel part of the residual interaction a method first proposed by Weinberg. The correlations contained in $|{\Psi }_0〉$ give rise to poles of the scattering matrix for real negative energies below the energy of the lowest bound state, i.e., the ground state $|{\Psi }_0〉$. In the energy region of physical interest, these poles have two effects on the scattering matrix. First, a constant background term is introduced. Second, the partial widths ${\Gamma }_{\lambda c}$ for decay of a compound state ($\lambda$) into an open channel ($c$) are complex. The sum of the partial widths, ${\Sigma }_{\lambda c}{\Gamma }_{\lambda c}$, is compared with the sum of the total widths, ${\Sigma }_{\lambda }{\Gamma }_{\lambda }$. It is found that the two sums differ by terms of second order in the admixture of correlations in the ground state. The influence of symmetry properties of the Hamiltonian on the RPA solutions is discussed. It is shown that the scattering matrix derived is that in the c.m. frame, and it is completely independent of the total momentum of the nucleus.

Hartree-Fock calculations have been performed for the even-even $N=Z$ nuclei from $A=4\mathrm{}$ to $A=40\mathrm{}$. The calculations use a velocity-dependent interaction which contains two-body spin-orbit and tensor terms, and which was especially derived for use in HF calculations. Effects of truncation are made minimal by using a basis of Cartesian harmonic-oscillator wave functions. Nuclear sizes and single-particle energies are in reasonable agreement with experiment; however, total binding energies are much too small. Comparison is made with other recent calculations.

A formalism, proposed previously, which represents a generalization of the separable-potential model is applied to the four-nucleon system. It consists essentially in approximating the off-shell nucleon-deuteron scattering amplitude—as obtained in the separable-potential model—again by separable expressions. We arrive thereby at effective two-particle equations which are solvable by standard methods. The determination of the required separable terms is studied in detail. A first attempt to solve approximately our final integral equations is made. The results demonstrate the applicability of the method.