The radiative widths, spins and parities of ten levels photoexcited by the ($\gamma ,{\gamma }^{\prime }$) reaction at excitation around 7 MeV in ${}_{}{}^{139}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{La}$, ${}_{}{}^{140}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ce}$, ${}_{}{}^{141}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pr}$, ${}_{}{}^{142}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Nd}$, ${}_{}{}^{144}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Nd}$, ${}_{}{}^{205}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tl}$, and ${}_{}{}^{209}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Bi}$, were measured. The $\gamma$ beam was produced by thermal-neutron capture in titanium, iron, cobalt, and copper. The spins of the resonance levels were obtained by angular-distribution measurements and the parities were determined by using a Compton polarimeter. These levels together with other resonance levels in $N\sim 82$ and $N\sim 126$ nuclei are discussed with regard to a possible connection to a giant $M1\mathrm{}$ resonance.

A formalism using a different approach has been developed for the inclusion of two-step processes in one-particle transfer reactions on deformed nuclei. Calculations for the ${}_{}{}^{24}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}\mathrm{}(d,p)\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^{25}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}$ and ${}_{}{}^{182}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{}(d,p)\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^{183}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{W}$ reactions show that the two-step processes are very important for the weakly excited and forbidden transitions; however, for the transitions that are strongly allowed in the one-step process, the effect is small. Calculations for the ${}_{}{}^{24}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}\mathrm{}(d,p)\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^{25}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}$ (${\frac{7}{2}}^{+}$, 1.61 MeV) and for the ${}_{}{}^{182}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{W}\mathrm{}(d,p)\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^{183}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{W}$ (${\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$, g.s.) reaction show that the two-step process via inelastic scattering in the entrance channel is about equal to the two-step process via inelastic scattering in the exit channel. Good fits with the experimental data are obtained.

The location in ${}_{}{}^{25}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}$ of the isobaric analog of the first excited state of ${}_{}{}^{25}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Na}$ has been measured to be 7864.5 ± 1.2 keV. Combining this result with other data yields a value for the coefficient of the cubic term in the isobaric-multiplet mass equation of -0.2 ± 4 keV.

A mistake in computing the result of an earlier determination of the half-life of ${}_{}{}^{10}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}$ is pointed out. The corrected value is (1.7 ± 0.4)× ${10}^6$ yr.

In a series of ${}_{}{}^{20}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$ bombardments of ${}_{}{}^{156}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Dy}$ a new $\alpha$ emitter was identified with a half-life of 3.0 ± 0.5 sec and an $\alpha$-decay energy of 5.56 ± 0.02 MeV. On the basis of $\alpha$-decay systematics and the variation of its yield with bombarding energy, the most likely nuclidic assignment for this $\alpha$ group is ${}_{}{}^{169}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Os}$.

Angular distributions of the ($d,p$) reaction on ${}_{}{}^{92}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$ and ${}_{}{}^{94}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$ have been measured at 12 MeV with the Argonne split-pole spectrograph. Spectroscopic factors and $l$ values of ${}_{}{}^{93}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$ and ${}_{}{}^{95}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}$ levels up to 2.5-MeV excitation energy were extracted from comparison of the data with distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations. Some unreported levels, in particular $g_{\frac{7}{2}}$ states previously deduced from results of the ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He},d$ reaction to the corresponding analog states, have been identified.

The shape of the isobaric analog resonance near 2.340 MeV in the reaction ${}_{}{}^{51}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{V}\mathrm{}(p,n)\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^{51}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cr}$ has been determined with fine resolution (∼1 keV) utilizing a $4\pi$ geometry neutron counter. It is shown that a negative value for the level-shift parameter $\Delta$ of the isobaric-analog-resonance theory is required to fit the data. The spectroscopic factor for the analog state at 12.8 MeV corresponding to this resonance is estimated to be 0.75 ± 0.15.

Calculations of the spherical nuclei ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$, ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$, and ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ are presented for $G$ matrices which differ in the definition of the particle spectrum. Detailed comparisons are made using pure harmonic-oscillator, shifted oscillator, and $\mathrm{QTQ}$ intermediate-state spectra. Attention is particularly focused on the saturation properties of the various $G$ matrices. The $\mathrm{QTQ}$ prescription seems to give somewhat better saturation properties than the oscillator prescriptions. A comparison is made in ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$ between the $\mathrm{QTQ}$ results and some results obtained by Negele. A study is also made of the importance of the relative partial waves not defined in the Reid soft-core potential.

An interaction of the form $V_{\mathrm{LJST}}\mathrm{}\left(r\right)=\Sigma \left(\frac{v_i}{r_i}\right)\delta (r-r_i)$ is used to make a fit to the Livermore $X$ phase shifts (0-460 MeV). Only states with $L\le 2$ are considered; coupling between states is at present neglected but effective central ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}S_1^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ and ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}D_1^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ interactions are given. No more than four terms (per state) are required. In states which have a repulsion the position of the innermost $\delta$ function can be chosen arbitrarily within wide limits; e.g., for the ${}_{}{}^1{}_{}{}^{}S_0^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ state $0.1542\le r_i\le 0.95$ F. Families of hard-core interactions in which $r_c$ and $r_1$ are arbitrary are also determined. We find $0.1542\le r_c\le 0.7$ F for the ${}_{}{}^1{}_{}{}^{}S_0^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ state. All ${}_{}{}^1{}_{}{}^{}S_0^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ interactions give essentially the same $D$-state phase shifts within the same energy range (these differ from ${}_{}{}^1{}_{}{}^{}D_2^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ experimental phase shifts). The main virtues of this type of potential are the ease with which the parameters may be determined and its relative simplicity in calculations for $A\ge 3$ and nuclear matter. It may also be written in the separable form $〈\mathrm{rLJST}\left|V\right|\mathrm{}{r}^{\prime }\mathrm{LJST}〉=\Sigma \left(\frac{v_i}{r_i}\right)\delta (r-r_i)\delta (r^{\prime }-r_i)$.

A new parametrization of the three-body $D$ function based in part on numerical investigation is presented. It is correct in both weak coupling and the Efimov limit, and agrees remarkably well with "exact" numerical calculation in a boson model. It has the correct singularity position but not the correct strength at the three-body threshold. In the neutron-deuteron quartet system it agrees very well with exact calculation and casts light on the relative model independence of these calculations. We also show that the Efimov states become virtual states with increasing coupling.

The energy spectra of secondary neutrons in the energy region between 100 and 450 MeV emitted by targets bombarded by 450-MeV protons were measured using a proton-recoil spectrometer. Secondary-proton measurements were also made with this spectrometer. The measurements were made on Be, C, Al, Cu, Co, Pb, and Bi targets and at several angles between 0 and 60°. Two general target thicknesses were employed: thin targets in which the primary beam lost little energy and in which further interaction of the secondary particle was small; and thick targets in which the primary beam lost all or a significant fraction of the initial energy and in which the probability of the secondary particles undergoing further interaction was large. The thin-target results are expressed as cross sections and the thick-target results represent a nucleon transport and are expressed as a yield. A number of comparisons of the cross-section results against the Bertini intranuclear-cascade model indicate reasonable agreement for most secondary-proton data and some secondary-neutron data. In the latter case, the position of the observed quasifree scattering peak is at an unexpectedly low energy.

Using corrected input masses for odd-odd, $T=2\mathrm{}$ nuclei results in new values for the Garvey et al. mass predictions. The experimental consequences include the prediction that ${}_{}{}^{17}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$ should be bound.

The cross sections and polarizations of the neutron groups from the ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{}(d,n)\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^{17}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{F}$ reaction leading to the ground and first excited states of ${}_{}{}^{17}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{F}$ have been measured in the deuteron energy range from 3 to 4 MeV. Time-of-flight techniques were employed throughout. Calculations were performed to determine to what extent the distorted-wave Born-approximation theory could describe the experimental results. While the cross-section angular distributions could be reproduced well, the polarization calculations were generally quite different from the experimental results, although "suggestive" in a few cases. Compound-nucleus contributions to the data appear to be significant. Spectroscopic factors were extracted and are in satisfactory agreement with those obtained by previous workers.

A linked cluster expansion is derived for the nuclear optical potential which includes already in lowest order, in addition to the Hartree-Fock potential, a term which has recently been shown to be large for nucleons scattering from light nuclei. It is shown that this additional term reproduces effects of the Pauli exclusion principle.

Deuteron-breakup coincidence cross sections are calculated in the prior-interaction formulation of distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA); both nuclear and Coulomb interactions are included. The results disagree with experiment. This is attributed to incorrect treatment of Coulomb distortion in the prior form of the outgoing wave function. Nuclear contributions to breakup are found to be as important as Coulomb contributions. Numerical procedures are developed that can also be used to include Coulomb excitation in DWBA calculations of inelastic scattering.

The radiative-capture reaction ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}({}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He},\gamma ){}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ has been studied in the bombarding energy range $1.0\le E\left({}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}\right)\le 6.0$ MeV. Transitions to the ground state and first two excited states were seen. Excitation curves and angular distribution measurements indicate a broad resonance near 2.55 MeV, formed by $s$- and $d$-wave capture, suggesting the presence of a $1^{-}$, $T=1\mathrm{}$ state of ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ at 28.2 MeV. The transitions to the two $0^{+}$ final states are strong, and show strikingly similar energy dependence. A simple interpretation of the observations in terms of a particle-hole picture of ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ is presented.

The unitary-transform method of Coester et al. is modified, for uncoupled partial waves in which there are no bound states, so that empirical phase shifts rather than a potential fitted to them may be used as the basic input. This is accomplished by invoking the Gel'fand-Levitan inverse scattering formalism to generate a complete orthonormal set of scattering wave functions from the phase shifts. The result is a convenient formal framework for analyzing the uncertainties in the off-energy-shell behavior of the two-nucleon interaction. Variations in the off-energy-shell $T$ matrix arising from changes in the phase shifts, as well as those due to different short-range nonlocalities, may be studied directly using the method presented here.

A method of constraining a shell-model-type nuclear bound-state calculation to give wave functions that display physical asymptotic behavior is derived and subsequently used to get an expression for the nuclear form factor. In this method one seeks the poles of the collision matrix rather than the eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian. We compare our method with that of Lane and Robson, that of Pinkston and Satchler, and that of Nagarajan and Tobocman.

The $p-p$ cross sections relevant to a factorized-impulse-approximation treatment of ($p,2p$) reactions from 150 to 350 MeV are calculated. Several on-shell prescriptions are used and compared with the half-off-shell prescription suggested by the Faddeev-Watson multiplescattering series. Four phenomenological potentials, Hamada-Johnston, Bryan-Scott III, Reid hard core, and Reid soft core, are investigated as well as three potentials which are phase-shift equivalent to the Reid soft-core potential. We find significant differences between the various prescriptions for all of the potentials. We also observe a wide range in the predictions on the various phenomenological potentials for each prescription. However, the ratio of the half-shell cross section to the on-shell cross section is remarkably insensitive to the choice of potential, especially where the half-shell prescription is needed. This suggests a simple method for extrapolating from the elastic scattering data to the appropriate half-shell cross section.