The cross sections for the cumulative and independent population of 21 levels in ${}_{}{}^{61}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$ and 7 levels in ${}_{}{}^{60}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$ via the ${}_{}{}^{58}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}(\alpha ,p\gamma ){}_{}{}^{61}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$ and ${}_{}{}^{58}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}(\alpha ,2p\gamma ){}_{}{}^{60}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$ reactions at 19.67-MeV bombardment energy were carefully measured in $p\gamma$-coincidence experiments with the protons detected at 90 and 157° relative to the beam direction. Spectra of the coincident protons leading to each level via $\gamma$ cascades as well as energy-integrated cross sections were obtained. The angular distributions for the protons above 3.26 MeV of center-of-mass energy were measured at seven laboratory angles between 25 and 168°. Larger anisotropies for the protons from the ($\alpha ,2p$) reaction were observed relative to the ($\alpha ,p$) reaction. Some of the levels in ${}_{}{}^{60}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$ were found to have large anisotropies with the maxima at the backward angles. When the cross sections for the cumulative and the independent population of levels of given angular momentum in ${}_{}{}^{61}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$ or ${}_{}{}^{60}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$ are plotted as a function of the level energy, they are found to decrease rapidly with level energy. The cross sections for cumulative and independent population increase with angular momentum at least for levels with $J^{\pi }$ values between ${\mathrm{½}}^{-}$ and ${\frac{11}{2}}^{-}$. The variation of the level cross sections with level energy follows closely the predictions of the compound statistical model for both the ($\alpha ,p\gamma$) and ($\alpha ,2p\gamma$) reactions. The experimental cross-section distributions, cross sections for the formation of individual levels and total cross sections for the ($\alpha ,p$) and ($\alpha ,2p$) reactions are compared with detailed calculations based on the statistical theory for nuclear reactions, in which Fermi-gas-model level densities and shell-model combinatorial level densities are employed. The experimental level cross sections and proton evaporation spectra are very well reproduced with level spacing parameters $a$ of 6.56, 7.63, and 5.8 ${\mathrm{MeV}}^{-1\mathrm{}}$ for ${}_{}{}^{61}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$, ${}_{}{}^{61}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zn}$, and ${}_{}{}^{58}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$, respectively. By comparison with experimental level cross sections the energy dependence of the spin cutoff parameter ${\sigma }^2$ and the yrast line were determined for ${}_{}{}^{61}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$. The $B\left(E1\mathrm{}\right)\mathrm{}$, $B\left(M1\mathrm{}\right)\mathrm{}$ and $B\left(E2\mathrm{}\right)\mathrm{}$ values for transitions originating at 10 MeV of excitation in ${}_{}{}^{61}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$ that reproduce the ($\alpha ,p\gamma$) and ($\alpha ,2p\gamma$) level cross sections were found to be 0.055, 0.085, and 9.5 Weisskopf units, respectively.

The $\beta$ moments of the ${\frac{7}{2}}^{-}\left({\beta }^{-}\right){\frac{7}{2}}^{+}$ transition from the decay of ${}_{}{}^{141}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ce}$ have been extracted from the available experimental data. We have obtained the following results (expressed in fm): $〈i\overrightarrow{\sigma }·\overrightarrow{r}〉=0.32\mathrm{}\pm 0.08$, $〈i\overrightarrow{r}〉=0.029\mathrm{}\pm 0.012$, $〈\overrightarrow{\sigma }\times \overrightarrow{r}〉=-0.20\mathrm{}\pm 0.07$, $〈i{B}_{\mathrm{ij}}〉=-0.43\mathrm{}\pm 0.57$, $\frac{〈{\gamma }_5〉}{\xi }=0.98\mathrm{}\pm 0.10$, and $\frac{〈\overrightarrow{\alpha }〉}{\xi }=0.065\mathrm{}\pm 0.027$. These results show that the $\beta$-moments ratio $\Lambda (=\frac{〈\overrightarrow{\alpha }〉}{\xi 〈i\overrightarrow{r}〉})$ agrees with the theoretical estimation of Fujita-Eichler $\Lambda =2.36\mathrm{}$, and that the $\beta$ moments are strongly reduced with respect to a conventional pairing model. In addition, the value of the spin-flip $\gamma$ moment ${〈1g_{\frac{7}{2}}\parallel i\overrightarrow{r}\parallel 2f_{\frac{7}{2}}〉}_{\gamma }$, measured in the ($e,e^{\prime }p$) reaction through the isobaric-analog state in ${}_{}{}^{139}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{La}$, is inconsistent with the present analysis.

The variance and covariance of the neutron distributions in fission fragments of ${}_{}{}^{252}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cf}$ have been measured as a function of the fragment mass and total kinetic energy. The neutrons were detected by a time-of-flight technique. The covariance results indicate that there is no change in the degree of viscosity in the transition of the fissioning nucleus to the scission point as a function of the total excitation energy. There are some discrepancies between various features of the neutron evaporation cascade determined in our experiment and results of standard evaporation calculations. No simple explanation of these discrepancies is offered.

[RADIOACTIVITY, FISSION ${}_{}{}^{252}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cf}$(sf); measured variance and covariance of $\gamma \mathrm{}(A,E)\mathrm{}$ of the two fragments.]

The cross sections for the ${}_{}{}^{207}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}(p,d){}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ reaction have been measured relative to the cross sections for the ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}(p,d){}_{}{}^{207}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ reaction to the single-neutron-hole states in ${}_{}{}^{207}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$. The reactions were studied with 35-MeV protons and a final deuteron resolution of 5 keV (full width at half maximum). By making the same assumptions as are usually made in model calculations of ${}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$, the matrix elements of the effective interaction of a $p_{\frac{1}{2}}$ neutron with neutrons in other orbits are derived from the experimental results.

[NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{207}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}(p,d)$, $E=35\mathrm{}$ MeV; measured levels, $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$; deduced $S$, sum rules.]

A method for the effective spin-gyromagnetic-ratio determination within the scope of the Nilsson model for deformed odd-$A$ nuclei using the internal-conversion data is discussed. Besides, the procedure reveals a "hidden penetration effect" in an internal-conversion process. These features are exemplified in the case of the 208-keV transition in the ${}_{}{}^{237}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Np}$ nucleus. The spin gyromagnetic ratio and the penetration parameter are found to be $g_{s,\mathrm{eff}}=0.65\mathrm{}{g}_{s,\mathrm{free}}$ and $\lambda =48\mathrm{}$, respectively.

[NUCLEAR STRUCTURE ${}_{}{}^{237}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Np}$, $E_{\gamma }=208\mathrm{}$ keV; deduced $g_{s,\mathrm{eff}}$, penetration parameter $\lambda$.]

The ${}_{}{}^{96}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}\mathrm{}(d,p)\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^{97}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}$ reaction was studied with 16-MeV deuterons. Experimental angular distributions were analyzed by use of distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations to determine $l$ values and spectroscopic strengths. The results are compared with previous data and the neutron configurations of ${}_{}{}^{97}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}$ are examined in comparison with neighboring molybdenum and zirconium nuclei.

[NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{96}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}\mathrm{}(d,p)\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^{97}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}$, $E=16\mathrm{}$ MeV; measured $\sigma (E_p,\theta )$; ${}_{}{}^{97}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}$ deduced levels, $l_n$, $G_{\mathrm{lj}}$.]

The first excited $0^{+}$ levels, some of which are previously unobserved, in each of the even-$A$ isotopes 92, 94, 96, and 100, have energies of 2517 ± 0.5, 1742 ± 2, 1147, and 694 keV, respectively. These states were identified using $\gamma$-ray data from ($n,n^{\prime }\gamma$) reactions and the strong anisotropy of the angular distribution of ($n,n^{\prime }$) reactions in $0^{+}$ → $0^{+}$ transitions.

[NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{92,94,96,100}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mo}(n,n^{\prime }\gamma )$, ($n,n^{\prime }$), $E=1.4-3.5\mathrm{}$ MeV. For ($n,n^{\prime }\gamma$) measured $\sigma (E,{90}^{\circ })$; deduced levels. For ($n,n^{\prime }$) measured $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$; deduced $J$.]

The decay schemes of the following terbium isotopes were investigated: 2.3 ± 0.2-min ${}_{}{}^{148}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$, 1.9 ± 0.1-min and 1.6 ± 0.1-h ${}_{}{}^{147}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$, and a previously unreported 23 ± 2-sec nuclide assigned to ${}_{}{}^{146}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$. These radioactivities were produced by bombarding ${}_{}{}^{141}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pr}$ with ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ ions accelerated in the Oak Ridge isochronous cyclotron. Both singles and coincidence $\gamma$-ray spectral measurements were made. Our data for 2.3-min ${}_{}{}^{148}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$ are in excellent agreement with the recently published results of Bowman, Haenni, and Sugihara. We also confirm their discovery of a new 1.9-min high-spin isomer in ${}_{}{}^{147}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$ and provide additional information concerning its decay properties. Levels in ${}_{}{}^{147}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$ populated by this (presumably $h_{\frac{11}{2}}$) ${}_{}{}^{147}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$ state are: 997.6 keV, ${\frac{9}{2}}^{-}$; 1397.7 keV, (${\frac{9}{2}}^{-}$); (1778.9 keV); and 1797.8 keV, (${\frac{9}{2}}^{-}$). Contrastingly, the 1.6-h low-spin (probably $d_{\frac{5}{2}}$) ${}_{}{}^{147}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$ isomer was found to populate the following ${}_{}{}^{147}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$ levels: 0 keV, ${\frac{7}{2}}^{-}$; 1152.2 keV, ${\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$; 1292.0 keV, (${\frac{3}{2}}^{+}$); 1411.5 keV, (${\mathrm{½}}^{+}$); 1699.2 keV; 1759.1 keV; and 1846.6 keV, (${\frac{5}{2}}^{-}$). The assignment of the new 23-sec activity to ${}_{}{}^{146}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$ is based primarily on the fact that five of its $\gamma$-rays have been observed by Kownacki et al. in a ${}_{}{}^{144}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sm}$ ($\alpha ,2n\gamma$) study. Levels in ${}_{}{}^{146}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$ seen in the decay of ${}_{}{}^{146}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$ (probable spin of 3) are as follows: 1579.5 keV, $2^{+}$; 2658.4 keV, $4^{+}$; 2982.4 keV, $6^{+}$; 2996.9 keV; 3099.4 keV; (3139.6 keV); and 3313.4 keV. In contrast to the results of Kownacki et al. $\gamma$ rays either feeding or deexciting their tentatively proposed $3^{-}$ level at 1584.5 keV were not observed.

[RADIOACTIVITY ${}_{}{}^{146,147,148}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$; measured $T_{\frac{1}{2}}$, $E_{\gamma }$, $I_{\gamma }$, $\gamma \gamma$ coin; discovered new isotope ${}_{}{}^{146}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Tb}$; ${}_{}{}^{146,147,148}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$ deduced levels, $J$, $\pi$. Ge (Li) detectors, 2.1 and 3.0 keV at 1.33 MeV.]

States excited by the ${}_{}{}^{99}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ru}(\alpha ,2n\gamma ){}_{}{}^{101}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pd}$, ${}_{}{}^{88}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sr}({}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O},3n\gamma ){}_{}{}^{101}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pd}$, and ${}_{}{}^{92}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}({}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C},3n\gamma ){}_{}{}^{101}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pd}$ reactions have been studied by measuring the $\gamma$-ray yield as a function of incident projectile energy, $\gamma -\gamma$ coincidences, $\gamma$-ray angular distributions, and $\gamma$-ray linear polarizations. Three intense $\gamma$-ray cascades were observed. These cascades are produced by quasirotational bands built on the 5/$2^{+}$, 7/$2^{+}$, and 11/$2^{-}$ intrinsic states of the nucleus. A decay scheme is given which includes states with energy up to 6488 keV and angular momentum up to 35/2. The quasirotational bands seen in ${}_{}{}^{101}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pd}$ are similar to the bands in the adjacent even-even nuclei which suggests that this odd-$A$ nucleus can be described as a particle decoupled from an even-even core. A cascade of seven $\gamma$ rays in ${}_{}{}^{102}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Rh}$ was also observed following the ${}_{}{}^{92}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}({}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C},p n){}_{}{}^{102}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Rh}$ reaction.

[NUCLEAR REACTION ${}_{}{}^{99}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ru}(\alpha ,2n\gamma )$, $E=16-24\mathrm{}$ MeV; ${}_{}{}^{92}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}({}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C},3n\gamma )$, $E=45-56\mathrm{}$ MeV; ${}_{}{}^{88}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sr}({}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O},3n\gamma )$, $E=56-64\mathrm{}$ MeV; measured $\sigma \mathrm{}\left(E\right)\mathrm{}\gamma$, $\gamma -\gamma$ coin, $\sigma \left(\theta \right)\gamma$, linear $P$; deduced decay scheme, $J$, $\pi$.]

We present a new method of solution of the Faddeev equations for three-particle scattering above the breakup threshold using separable two-body potentials. No contour deformation is required with our method. The numerical techniques involved are explained in detail, and a justification for these techniques is given. A comparison is made to earlier calculations which used the contour-deformation technique.

The ${}_{}{}^{207}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}(\gamma ,n)$ reaction has been studied with high-energy resolution and photon intensity to determine radiation widths, spins, and parities of resonances. The present data show an intense $p$-wave strength. A comparison between the measured and calculated integrated $M1\mathrm{}$ strength suggests the existence of a giant $M1\mathrm{}$ resonance in ${}_{}{}^{207}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$. The distribution of $p$-wave resonances suggests an envelope of $M1\mathrm{}$ strength centered at $E_n\approx 700$ keV. No evidence was found for the photon doorway in ${}_{}{}^{207}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}(\gamma ,n)$ proposed in earlier studies. This state had been interpreted as a common doorway occurring in both the photon and neutron channels.

[NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{207}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}(\gamma ,n)$, $E=7.40\mathrm{}$ and 8.28 MeV, measured $\sigma (E_n,\theta )$; deduced $J$, ${\Gamma }_{{\gamma }_0}$. Enriched target.]

An 18.1-μg sample of ${}_{}{}^{237}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$ (half-life 6.70 ± 0.02 day) was prepared and exposed to a neutron beam from the underground nuclear explosion Pommard. The neutron-induced fission cross section was measured from 43 to 1000 eV and from 0.1 to 2 MeV. A resonance analysis was attempted from 43 to 220 eV; resonance areas are reported. Both $0^{+}$ and $1^{+}$ seem to be present, with average spacing 3.5 eV. The cross section at 1 MeV is 1.0 ± 0.1 b; from 300-1000 eV, the cross section is 30% of that for ${}_{}{}^{239}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pu}$.

[NUCLEAR REACTIONS, FISSION ${}_{}{}^{237}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}\mathrm{}(n,f)\mathrm{}$, $E=43-1000\mathrm{}$ eV, $E=0.1-2\mathrm{}$ MeV; measured $\sigma \mathrm{}\left(E\right)\mathrm{}$. Nuclear explosion.]

We study several statistical tests which can be used to determine whether experimental data, typically a sequence of partial widths, are compatible with the statistical model of nuclear reactions or, on the contrary, imply the existence of intermediate structure. These tests are applicable to cases where the data can be ascribed to a definite partial wave. We give a brief, but critical, discussion of the few known methods, and develop several new tests. These new tests involve the study of the following quantities: (a) the length of the longest unbroken sequence (run) of partial widths lying either above or below their median, (b) the length of the longest run about a value that we call the value of optimal run length, (c) the distribution of runs up or down, i.e., of unbroken sequences composed of increasing or decreasing values, (d) the number of large adjacent partial widths, and (e) the ratio of the mean-square successive difference to the variance. We apply these new tests and the previously known ones, and discuss their merits and drawbacks, in the examples ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}(p,p^{\prime })$, ${}_{}{}^{56}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Fe}\mathrm{}(n,n)\mathrm{}$, ${}_{}{}^{244}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cm}+n$, ${}_{}{}^{187}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Re}(n,\gamma )$, ${}_{}{}^{115}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}(n,\gamma )$, ${}_{}{}^{90}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}+\gamma$, $\mathrm{Sn}+\gamma$, ${}_{}{}^{70}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ge}\mathrm{}(p,p)\mathrm{}$, ${}_{}{}^{239}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pu}\mathrm{}(n,f)\mathrm{}$, and ${}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}\mathrm{}(n,n)\mathrm{}$. We find reliable evidence for intermediate structure in all these cases, except in the reactions ${}_{}{}^{187}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Re}(n,\gamma )$ and ${}_{}{}^{115}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}(n,\gamma )$.

[NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}(p,p^{\prime })$, ${}_{}{}^{56}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Fe}\mathrm{}(n,n)\mathrm{}$, ${}_{}{}^{244}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cm}+n$, ${}_{}{}^{187}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Re}(n,\gamma )$, ${}_{}{}^{115}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}(n,\gamma )$, ${}_{}{}^{90}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zr}+\gamma$, $\mathrm{Sn}+\gamma$, ${}_{}{}^{70}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ge}\mathrm{}(p,p)\mathrm{}$, ${}_{}{}^{239}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pu}\mathrm{}(n,f)\mathrm{}$, ${}_{}{}^{206}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}\mathrm{}(n,n)\mathrm{}$; calculated significance level of intermediate structure, using new statistical tests.]

The reaction ${}_{}{}^{142}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Nd}$ has been measured on four analog resonances in the ${}_{}{}^{142}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Nd}+p$ system at incident energies of 9.515, 10.250, 10.830, and 11.084 MeV. On each of the resonances spectroscopic factors are determined for those levels believed to have significant neutron particle-hole components.

[NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{142}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Nd}(p,p^{\prime })$, $E=9.5-11\mathrm{}$ MeV on analog resonances, measured $\sigma \left(\Theta \right)$. ${}_{}{}^{142}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Nd}$ deduced levels, $J$, $\pi$, spectroscopic factors. Enriched targets, Breit-Wigner analysis, resolution 5-15 keV, $\Theta =20-{170}^{\circ }$.]

$\gamma -\gamma$ directional correlations in ${}_{}{}^{154}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$, ${}_{}{}^{125}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Te}$, ${}_{}{}^{153}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Eu}$, and ${}_{}{}^{143}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pr}$ that proceed through levels of lifetimes 1.2, 1.5, 3.8, and 4.2 nsec, respectively, have been studied with the application of a magnetic field parallel to one radiation in order to search for possible attenuation of the correlations. Attenuations were found for the 1270-123-keV cascade in ${}_{}{}^{154}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$ (in general agreement with earlier work) and in ${}_{}{}^{143}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pr}$, both of which have large magnetic susceptibilities. No attenuation was found for the 427-35-keV cascade in ${}_{}{}^{125}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Te}$ and the isotropic correlation found for the 70-103-keV cascade in ${}_{}{}^{153}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Eu}$ is inferred to be the true correlation. The result for the unattenuated correlation coefficient for the 293-57-keV cascade in ${}_{}{}^{143}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pr}$ is $A_2=0.18\mathrm{}\pm 0.02$.

[RADIOACTIVITY ${}_{}{}^{125}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Te}$, ${}_{}{}^{143}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pr}$, ${}_{}{}^{153}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Eu}$, ${}_{}{}^{154}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$; measured $\gamma \gamma$ ($\theta$, longitudinal $H$); deduced $\delta$ in ${}_{}{}^{153}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Eu}$, $\delta$ and $J$ in ${}_{}{}^{143}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pr}$.]

The behavior of a pairing excitation, previously reported in even actinide nuclei, has been explored with two odd-neutron (${}_{}{}^{235}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$ and ${}_{}{}^{239}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pu}$) and two odd-proton (${}_{}{}^{237}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Np}$ and ${}_{}{}^{243}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Am}$) targets as well as the even-even targets ${}_{}{}^{226}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ra}$ and ${}_{}{}^{240}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pu}$. It is found that this behavior is similar to that previously found in even-even actinide nuclei.

[NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{226}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ra}$, ${}_{}{}^{235}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$, ${}_{}{}^{237}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Np}$, ${}_{}{}^{239}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pu}$, ${}_{}{}^{243}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Am}$, ${}_{}{}^{240}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pu}\mathrm{}(p,t)\mathrm{}$ measured $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$, deduced excitations and cross sections of pairing excited states.]

Levels in ${}_{}{}^{111}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}$ and ${}_{}{}^{113}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}$ below 1.62 MeV were investigated via the ($p,n$) and ($p,n\gamma$) reactions on ${}_{}{}^{111}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cd}$ and ${}_{}{}^{113}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cd}$ targets for an incident energy range of 2.7 - 5.2 MeV. The neutron groups populating the low-lying states were studied by the time-of-flight method, and the deexcitation $\gamma$ rays were studied with Ge(Li) detectors. Several new levels in ${}_{}{}^{111}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}$ and ${}_{}{}^{113}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}$ were established including low-spin positive-parity states having nanosecond half-lives. The $Q$ value for the ${}_{}{}^{111}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cd}\mathrm{}(p,n)\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^{111}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}$ reaction was determined to be - 1.635 ± 0.020 MeV.

[NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{111,113}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cd}\mathrm{}(p,n)\mathrm{}$ and ${}_{}{}^{111,113}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cd}(p,n\gamma )$, $E=2.7-5.2\mathrm{}$ MeV; measured $\sigma (E;E_n)$, $n-\gamma$ coincidence, $\gamma$ branching ratios. ${}_{}{}^{111}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}$ and ${}_{}{}^{113}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{In}$ deduced levels, $J^{\pi }$.]

The anticentrifugal stretching in ${}_{}{}^{20}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$ resulting from a Hartree-Fock calculation is well accounted for in an $\alpha -{}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$ cluster model with a Woods-Saxon potential that has the same radius for states of different $J$.

Morinigo has used the elements of the mass quadrupole tensor as generalized nonredundant variables to describe the nuclear collective motions and has obtained an energy equation which is similar to that of the variable-moment-of-inertia (VMI) model. Applicability of the Morinigo expression to the level energies of the ground-state bands of even-even nuclei is examined and results are presented for 12 representative nuclei. It is found that for the soft nuclei the results are not as good as those from the VMI23 extension of the VMI model.

[NUCLEAR STRUCTURE collective models. Even-even nuclei. ${}_{}{}^{100}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pd}$, ${}_{}{}^{152}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$, ${}_{}{}^{128}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Xe}$, ${}_{}{}^{126}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Xe}$, ${}_{}{}^{186}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pt}$, ${}_{}{}^{184}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pt}$, ${}_{}{}^{130}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ce}$, ${}_{}{}^{176}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Os}$, ${}_{}{}^{154}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$, ${}_{}{}^{168}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Hf}$, ${}_{}{}^{166}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Yb}$, and ${}_{}{}^{242}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pu}$.]

In the reactions ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}(t,{}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}){}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ and ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}(t,{}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}_{}^{*}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{}(3.56\left)\mathrm{}\right){}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ significant deviations of the cross sections from symmetry around 90° are seen in the isospin multiplet channel. One may interpret this deviation as arising from the difference between ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ and ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}_{}^{*}{}_{}{}^{}$ radial wave functions and not from a higher mixture of isospin states. This interpretation is supported by a recent muon-capture analysis.

[NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}$(${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$, ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$)${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$, ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}$(${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$, ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$)${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$, failure of experimental symmetry around 90° explained by radial functions difference. Implications for muon capture ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ calculated.]