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Study of unbound levels in ${}^{10}C$ via ${}^{10}B ({}^{3}{He}, t)$

M. J. Schneider, B. W. Ridley, M. E. Rickey, J. J. Kraushaar, and W. R. Zimmerman

Phys. Rev. C 12, 335(R) (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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The unbound level structure of ${}^{10}C$ has been studied using the ${}^{10}B ({}^{3}{He}, t) {}^{10}C$ reaction. Bombarding energy was 38.2 MeV and tritons were detected in an energy-loss spectrometer. In the seven spectra taken, at lab angles from 2.5° to 30°, the broad 6.60 MeV prominence was well fitted by a single Lorentzian-shaped peak, while the 5.28 MeV region was well fitted by two peaks. The excitation energies of these peaks were obtained using known levels in ${}^{11}C$ , populated from the ${}^{11}B$ impurity in the ${}^{10}B$ target.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{10}B ({}^{3}{He}, t)$ ; $E = 38.2$ MeV; deduced level structure in broad peaks by fitting spectra; measured $E_{x}$ , $Γ$ of levels found.

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Observation of an enhanced $4_{1}^{+}$ → $0^{+}$ crossover transition in ${}^{202}{Pb}$ by conversion electron spectroscopy

A. Hanser, K. Wisshak, H. Klewe-Nebenius, and H. Rebel

Phys. Rev. C 12, 338(R) (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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An enhanced $E 4$ crossover transition ( $4_{1}^{+}$ → $0^{+}$ ) in ${}^{202}{Pb}$ has been observed by means of conversion electron spectroscopy using a Si(Li) detector with a special filter of permanent magnets. This method has shown to be much more sensitive in this case than the measurement of the $E 4$ $γ$ rays. The branching ratio $\frac{E 4 (4_{1}^{+} \to 0^{+})}{E 2 (4_{1}^{+} \to 2_{1}^{+})}$ was found to be (3.8 ± 0.6) $10^{- 6}$ resulting in a partial half-life of (4.6 ± 0.8) Weisskopf units for the $E 4$ transition.

RADIOACTIVITY ${}^{202}{Pb} [{}^{203}{Tl} (d, 3 n)]$ ; measured $E_{γ}$ , $J_{γ}$ , $E_{e}$ , $J_{e}$ ; deduced $E 4$ -transition probability for the 1383 keV ( $4_{1}^{+}$ → $0^{+}$ ) transition.

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( $π, π N$ ) puzzle: Effects of pion charge exchange

Richard R. Silbar

Phys. Rev. C 12, 341(R) (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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The ratio of cross sections for nucleon knockout by pions, e.g. $\frac{σ [{}^{12}C (π^{-}, π N) {}^{11}C]}{σ ({}^{12}C (π^{+}, π N) {}^{11}C]}$ , is shown to be insensitive to pion charge exchange either before or after the knockout collision.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{12}C (π^{\pm}, π N)$ , $T_{π} = 50 - 300$ MeV; ratio of $σ (T_{π})' s$ ; pion charge exchange effects.

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Nuclear shock waves in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

A. Y. Abul-Magd

Phys. Rev. C 12, 343(R) (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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A simplified relativistic-hydrodynamic calculation of shock waves occurring during the encounter of two complex nuclei shows the nuclear density in the compressed region does not exceed an upper limit whose value depends on the ansatz for the nuclear equation of state, and differs from the upper limit of the density of the compressed region predicted by an analogous nonrelativistic calculation.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Shock waves in nuclear matter, relativistic effects.

Erratum: Levels in ${}^{146, 147, 148}{Gd}$ observed following the decay of their terbium parents including a new isotope, ${}^{146}{Tb}$

E. Newman, K. S. Toth, D. C. Hensley, and W. -D. Schmidt-Ott

Phys. Rev. C 12, 346 (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

Coulomb corrections for extracting spectroscopic factors using analyticity

L. S. Kisslinger and K. Nichols

Phys. Rev. C 12, 36 (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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The Coulomb scattering and Coulomb distortions are included in the optimal expansion technique in the $cos θ$ plane. From $p$ - ${}^{3}{He}$ elastic scattering from 4-20 MeV, an energy independent spectroscopic factor for ${}^{3}H_{e} \to p + d$ is found, with an accuracy of a few percent. The method seems most promising for transfer reactions.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Dispersion relations, Coulomb corrections for $cos θ$ analyticity.

${}^{6}{Li}$ and ${}^{7}{Li}$ induced fission of ${}^{232}{Th}$ and ${}^{238}U$

H. Freiesleben, G. T. Rizzo, and J. R. Huizenga

Phys. Rev. C 12, 42 (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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The energy dependence of the total fission cross section, the fragment angular distribution, and the fragment correlation angle were measured for ${}^{6}{Li}$ and ${}^{7}{Li}$ induced fission of ${}^{232}{Th}$ and ${}^{238}U$ at bombarding energies of 24-38.4 MeV. Angular distributions of elastically scattered projectiles for the four systems were measured at 37.2 MeV. Characteristic differences were found for ${}^{6}{Li}$ and ${}^{7}{Li}$ projectiles which are independent of the target. These differences include (1) the ${}^{7}{Li}$ induced fission has a larger anisotropy, (2) the energy dependence of the fragment anisotropy shows more structure for ${}^{7}{Li}$ , and (3) at low bombarding energy the cross section for ${}^{6}{Li}$ induced fission is considerably larger. These factors are discussed in terms of (1) competition between compound nucleus fission and fission following transfer reactions and (2) the deexcitation branching ratios between neutron emission and fission.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{232}{Th} ({}^{6, 7}{Li}, f)$ , ${}^{238}U ({}^{6, 7}{Li}, f)$ $E = 24 - 38.4$ MeV, measured $\frac{W (165 °)}{W (90 °)}$ , $σ_{f} (θ)$ , $σ_{el} (θ)$ at 37.2 MeV, $σ_{f} (E)$ ..

Masses of $T_{z} = - \frac{1}{2}$ nuclei in the $1 f_{\frac{7}{2}}$ shell

D. Mueller, E. Kashy, W. Benenson, and H. Nann

Phys. Rev. C 12, 51 (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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The ( $p$ , ${}^{6}{He}$ ) reaction was used to observe and measure the masses of the proton-rich nuclei ${}^{45}V$ , ${}^{49}{Mn}$ , and ${}^{53}{Co}$ , thus completing all mirror pairs in the $f_{\frac{7}{2}}$ shell. New measurements of the masses of ${}^{43}{Ti}$ , ${}^{47}{Cr}$ , ${}^{51}{Fe}$ , and ${}^{55}{Ni}$ were made using the ( ${}^{3}{He}$ , ${}^{6}{He}$ ) reaction. Coulomb energy differences of the $T = \frac{1}{2}$ mirror pairs are extracted, and the new masses are used to predict the masses of proton-rich nuclei with $23 \leq Z \leq 28$ .

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{27}{Al}$ , ${}^{50}{Cr}$ , ${}^{54}{Fe}$ , ${}^{58}{Ni} (p, {}^{6}{He})$ , $E_{p} = 46$ MeV, ${}^{27}{Al}$ , ${}^{46}{Ti}$ , ${}^{50}{Cr}$ , ${}^{54}{Fe}$ , ${}^{58}{Ni}$ ( ${}^{3}{He}$ , ${}^{6}{He}$ ), $E_{{}^{3}{He}} = 70$ MeV, measured $Q$ , deduced mass excess of ${}^{43}{Ti}$ , ${}^{45}V$ , ${}^{47}{Cr}$ , ${}^{49}{Mn}$ , ${}^{51}{Fe}$ , ${}^{53}{Co}$ , ${}^{55}{Ni}$ , predicted masses of proton-rich nuclei with $21 \leq Z \leq 28$ .

Evidence for an $M 1$ giant resonance in ${}^{138}{Ba}$

R. J. Holt and H. E. Jackson

Phys. Rev. C 12, 56 (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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The $M 1$ strength function was measured in ${}^{138}{Ba}$ at an excitation energy of approximately 8.6 MeV throughout the neutron energy region 9-60 keV using the threshold photoneutron technique. A method was developed for extracting the dipole strength even though the first excited state of the daughter nucleus, ${}^{137}{Ba}$ , is only 281 keV above the ground state. The photoneutron spectrum was measured at laboratory angles of 90° and 135° with high resolution (0.5 ns/m) using the time-of-flight spectrometer associated with the Argonne high current linac. The $M 1$ strength function for ${}^{138}{Ba}$ was found to be anomalously large at 8.6 MeV. In addition, the $E 1$ dipole strength function was estimated at this excitation energy.

NUCLEAR REACTION ${}^{138}{Ba} (γ, n)$ , $E = 8.6$ MeV, measured $σ (E_{n}, θ)$ , deduced $Σ Γ_{γ 0} (M 1)$ and $Σ Γ_{γ 0} (E 1)$ .

Energy levels in ${}^{77}{Br}$

B. W. Motal, D. H. Lueders, J. M. Daley, F. E. Durham, S. G. Buccino, C. E. Hollandsworth, W. P. Bucher, and H. D. Jones

Phys. Rev. C 12, 63 (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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$γ$ transitions in the reaction ${}^{77}{Se} (p, n γ) {}^{77}{Br}$ have been studied at proton energies between 2.150 and 2.850 MeV. Sixteen $γ$ rays were assigned to transitions in ${}^{77}{Br}$ below an excitation energy of ∼ 625 keV. Ten of these had not previously been reported. A previously reported 77 keV $γ$ ray was not observed. A level scheme was determined from threshold measurements, energy sums, and $γ - γ$ coincidence studies. This scheme includes five new levels located at energies of 167.0, 226.6, 336.9, 425.1, and 471.1 keV.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{77}{Se} (p, n γ)$ , $E = 2.15 - 2.85$ MeV; measured $E_{γ}$ , $I_{γ}$ , $γ γ$ -coin. ${}^{77}{Br}$ deduced levels. Enriched target, Ge(Li) detectors.

Study of ${}^{101}{Rh}$ with the ( $p, t$ ) reaction

R. M. Del Vecchio, R. A. Naumann, J. R. Duray, H. Hübel, and W. W. Daehnick

Phys. Rev. C 12, 69 (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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The ${}^{103}{Rh} (p, t) {}^{101}{Rh}$ reaction has been studied at bombarding energies of 17, 30, and 42 MeV. The 30 MeV data, which was taken with a quadrupole-dipole-dipole-dipole magnet QDDD, provided the most information on the ${}^{101}{Rh}$ spectrum. The ( $p, t$ ) reaction is apparently exciting ${}^{101}{Rh}$ states which look like a $2 p_{\frac{1}{2}}$ proton weakly coupled to states of the ${}^{100}{Ru}$ core. This is suggested by the multiplet structure observed up to about 1 MeV of excitation. Considerable ( $p, t$ ) strength is observed above 2 MeV of excitation but multiplet structure is not so apparent. Although two of the strong states above 2 MeV may carry expected $L = 3$ ( $p, t$ ) strength, the others are more surprising.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{103}{Rh} (p, t)$ , $E = 17, 30, and 42$ MeV; measured energy levels, $σ (θ)$ ; DWBA analysis, deduced $L$ , $J$ , $Π$ . Weak coupling model. Resolution 10 keV for 17 and 30 MeV data.

Proton-hole states observed in the ${}^{166}{Er} (d, {}^{3}{He}) {}^{165}{Ho}$ reaction at 34.5 MeV

D. A. Lewis and W. S. Gray

Phys. Rev. C 12, 79 (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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The ( $d$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ) pickup reaction at 34.5 MeV has been used to populate proton-hole states in ${}^{165}{Ho}$ . No previous studies of this reaction on targets in the $A \sim 150 - 190$ region have been reported. At 34.5 MeV the angular distributions, measured over the range 15-35°, have sufficient structure to permit determination of $l$ transfers, although the detailed agreement with distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) predictions is not very good. The ( $d$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ) spectra were examined up to 2 MeV of excitation in ${}^{165}{Ho}$ , using nuclear emulsions and position-sensitive detectors in conjunction with a magnetic spectrometer. The ${\frac{7}{2}}^{-} [523]$ , $½^{+}$ [411], ${\frac{3}{2}}^{+} [411]$ , $½^{-}$ [541], and ${\frac{5}{2}}^{+} [413]$ bands, which had previously been identified in decay or stripping studies, were also populated in the pickup reaction. In addition new assignments were made for members of the ${\frac{5}{2}}^{-} [532]$ and $½^{+}$ [420] bands. Spectroscopic information determined from a DWBA analysis of the ( $d$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ) reaction was compared with previously published ( ${}^{3}{He}$ , $d$ ) results to obtain separate values of the pairing occupation probabilities $U^{2}$ and $V^{2}$ , and the Nilsson coefficients $C_{lj}$ , for levels populated in both reactions. The values of $U^{2}$ and $V^{2}$ obtained from this analysis agree remarkably well with predictions based on the BCS approximation, but the values of $C_{lj}$ are generally larger than Nilsson-model predictions, in some cases by a factor of two or more. These results, together with the poor agreement between some of the measured angular distributions and DWBA predictions, suggest the importance of multistep processes induced by inelastic scattering. We conclude that while the ( $d$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ) reaction at $E \sim 35$ MeV is a useful tool for investigating proton-hole states in the rare-earth region, spectroscopic strengths deduced from a conventional DWBA analysis should be regarded with caution.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{166}{Er} (d, {}^{3}{He})$ , $E = 34.5$ MeV; measured $σ (E_{{}^{3}{He}}, θ)$ , $θ = 15 - 35 °$ , $Δ θ = 2.5 °$ . ${}^{165}{Ho}$ deduced levels, $l$ , $J$ , $π$ , $S$ . Enriched target, DWBA analysis, magnetic spectrograph.

${}^{3}{He}$ elastic scattering from ${}^{208}{Pb}$ and ${}^{209}{Bi}$ at 71 MeV

C. B. Fulmer, J. C. Hafele, and N. M. Clarke

Phys. Rev. C 12, 87 (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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Angular distributions of elastic scattering of 71 MeV ${}^{3}{He}$ ions from ${}^{208}{Pb}$ and ${}^{209}{Bi}$ were measured over the range 18°-116°. Pronounced structure is observed at the larger angles. Optical-model analyses yield good fits to the data with $V \sim 120$ MeV and $J_{R} \sim 270$ MeV ${fm}^{3}$ . The diffuseness term for the absorption well is larger and the radius smaller than for the real well. A grid-type analysis yielded evidence for discrete families of potentials similar to those observed for medium mass targets.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{208}{Pb}$ ( ${}^{3}{He}$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ), ${}^{209}{Bi}$ ( ${}^{3}{He}$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ), $E = 71.1$ MeV; measured absolute $σ (θ)$ , $θ = 18 ° - 116 °$ , optical-model analysis.

States in ${}^{121}{Sn}$ from the ${}^{120}{Sn} (d, p) {}^{121}{Sn}$ reaction at 17 MeV

M. J. Bechara and O. Dietzsch

Phys. Rev. C 12, 90 (1975) - Published 1 July, 1975

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The ${}^{120}{Sn} (d, p) {}^{121}{Sn}$ reaction has been investigated at a bombarding energy of 17 MeV. The proton groups were analyzed by a magnetic spectrograph and detected in nuclear emulsions with a resolution of ∼10 keV. Excitation energies and angular distributions were obtained for levels below $E_{x} = 4.9$ MeV in ${}^{121}{Sn}$ . A distorted-wave analysis was used to determine $l$ values and spectroscopic strengths. The results are compared to previous data from transfer reactions. Centers of gravity and sums of spectroscopic factors are presented for the detected levels and are compared with the results of pairing theory.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{120}{Sn} (d, p)$ , $E = 17$ MeV, measured $σ (E_{p}, θ)$ . ${}^{121}{Sn}$ deduced level energies, $l$ , $j$ , $π$ , spectroscopic strengths. Enriched targets.

Nuclear-Coulomb interference in $π^{\pm}$ - ${}^{16}O$ scattering

G. S. Mutchler, C. R. Fletcher, L. V. Coulson, D. Mann, N. D. Gabitzsch, G. C. Phillips, B. W. Mayes, E. V. Hungerford, L. Y. Lee, C. Goodman, and J. C. Allred

Phys. Rev. C 11, 1873 (1975) - Published 1 June, 1975

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The small angle scattering of $π^{+}$ and $π^{-}$ from ${}^{16}O$ has been measured at 155, 185, and 213 MeV laboratory kinetic energy. The real part of the forward scattering amplitude was extracted from the data. The real part extrapolates to zero at 163±3 MeV.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{16}O (π^{\pm}, π^{\pm})$ , $E = 155 - 213$ MeV; measured $σ (θ_{π})$ ; deduced $\frac{Re f_{s} (0 °)}{Im f_{s} (0 °)}$ .

States at high excitation in ${}^{20}{Ne}$

L. R. Medsker, H. T. Fortune, R. R. Betts, and R. Middleton

Phys. Rev. C 11, 1880 (1975) - Published 1 June, 1975

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The ${}^{12}C ({}^{12}C, α) {}^{20}{Ne}$ reaction has been studied at bombarding energies of 36.0, 36.5, and 37.0 MeV. States up to 16 MeV excitation in ${}^{20}{Ne}$ were identified. Several previously unreported levels were observed, a number of which are excellent candidates for missing unnatural-parity states. We summarize existing spin-parity information for several "elusive" states.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{12}C ({}^{12}C, α)$ , $E_{{}^{12}C} = 36.0, 36.5, 37.0$ MeV, enriched target, measured $σ (θ)$ ; deduced ${}^{20}{Ne}$ levels.

Relation between the energy-weighted sum rules for nuclear photoabsorption and nuclear muon capture

B. Goulard and H. Primakoff

Phys. Rev. C 11, 1894 (1975) - Published 1 June, 1975

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A relation between the energy-weighted sum rules for nuclear photoabsorption and nuclear muon capture is derived and is used to show that, at least in the case of nuclei with $Z = A - Z$ , the mean energy of the neutrinos emitted in muon capture does not vary appreciably as $A$ and $Z$ vary. The Foldy-Walecka expression for the total muon-capture rate is rederived on the basis of the energy-weighted sum rule and is used to show that, at least in the case of nuclei with $Z = A - Z$ , and apart from the difference in ground-state energy between the nuclei [ $Z - 1$ , $A = 2 Z$ ] and [ $Z$ , $A = 2 Z$ ], the mean energy of excitation of [ $Z - 1$ , $A = 2 Z$ ] due to muon capture is essentially equal to the energy of the giant dipole resonance in [ $Z$ , $A = 2 Z$ ].

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Relation between sum rules for photoabsorption and muon capture in nuclei with $Z = A - Z$ and between corresponding energies of nuclear excitation.

$E 0$ decay of the two first excited $0^{+}$ states in ${}^{18}O$

K. H. Souw, J. C. Adloff, D. Disdier, and P. Chevallier

Phys. Rev. C 11, 1899 (1975) - Published 1 June, 1975

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The reaction ${}^{19}F (t, α) {}^{18}O$ has been used to study the $E 0$ $π$ decays of the ${}^{18}O$ (3.63 MeV, $0^{+}$ ) and ${}^{18}O$ (5.33 MeV, $0^{+}$ ) states to the ground state. The $E 0$ branching ratios $\frac{Γ_{π}}{Γ}$ were measured to be, respectively, (3.0±0.6) × $10^{- 3}$ and ≤ 2.3 × $10^{- 3}$ . When these values are combined with the available lifetimes of these states, $E 0$ matrix elements ${〈 M 〉}_{π} = (6.0 \pm 0.7)$ ${fm}^{2}$ [ ${}^{18}O$ (3.63 MeV)] and ≤ 4.5 ${fm}^{2}$ [ ${}^{18}O$ (5.33 MeV)] are obtained. The properties of these states are compared to the theoretical predictions.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{19}F (t, α)$ , $E = 2.2$ MeV; ${}^{18}O$ measured $E 0$ branching ratios. Deduced $E 0$ matrix elements.

Differential cross sections and phase shift analysis of ${}^{3}{He} (p, p) {}^{3}{He}$ between 18.0 and 57 MeV

J. R. Morales, T. A. Cahill, D. J. Shadoan, and H. Willmes

Phys. Rev. C 11, 1905 (1975) - Published 1 June, 1975

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Measurements of the elastic differential cross section for ${}^{3}{He} (p, p) {}^{3}{He}$ have been made at laboratory energies of 18.0, 20.0, 22.5, 25.0, 27.5, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0, 42.7, 45.0, 48.5, and 57.0 MeV, at angles between 14.1 and 165.0° c.m. A phase shift analysis was performed in the energy range from 18.0 to 35.0 MeV using these data and polarization and spin correlation data from other sources. Angular momenta up to $l = 4$ were used in the analysis, including tensor and spin coupling terms, while inelastic channels were treated through use of complex phase shifts. The results of the analysis exhibit smooth variation with energy, extending and clarifying results obtained at lower energies. Comparisons are made to resonating group predictions of the energy dependence of the singlet and triplet phase shifts.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{3}{He} (p, p)$ , $E = 18.0, 20.0, 22.5, 25.0, 27.5, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0, 42.7, 45.0, 48.5, and 57.0$ MeV; measured ( $E$ , $θ_{lab}$ ); $θ_{c} = 14 to 165 °$ ; phase shift analysis, $E = 18.0, 20.0, 22.5, 25.0, 27.5, 30.0, and 35.0$ MeV.

Mirror states in $A = 15$ from 60-MeV ${}^{6}{Li}$ -induced reactions on ${}^{12}C$

H. G. Bingham, M. L. Halbert, D. C. Hensley, E. Newman, K. W. Kemper, and L. A. Charlton

Phys. Rev. C 11, 1913 (1975) - Published 1 June, 1975

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Analog pairs of states have been observed simultaneously with counter telescopes by using the ${}^{12}C ({}^{6}{Li}, t)$ and ${}^{12}C$ ( ${}^{6}{Li}$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ) reactions for $E ({}^{6}{Li}) = 60$ MeV at excitation energies of 10.45-10.73, 12.84-13.15, and 15.05-15.49 MeV in ${}^{15}O$ - ${}^{15}N$ , respectively. Magnetic spectrograph data for the ${}^{12}C ({}^{6}{Li}, t) {}^{15}O$ reaction having an energy resolution of 50 keV versus the 200 keV resolution of the counter systems show that single states are being strongly excited at 10.45, 12.84, and 15.05 MeV in ${}^{15}O$ . Elastic and inelastic scattering data have also been taken in the angular range from 10 to 120° c.m. with $Δ θ \approx 2 °$ . Optical model parameters were extracted from the elastic scattering data, and quadrupole deformation lengths were obtained from a coupled-channels analysis of the inelastic scattering data to the $2^{+}$ , 4.43-MeV state in ${}^{12}C$ . Exact finite-range distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations for the transfer reactions yield a range of $L$ transfers for each of the analog states which are consistent with the assumption that these states have spins $J_{f} \geq \frac{9}{2}$ .

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{12}C$ ( ${}^{6}{Li}$ , ${}^{6}{Li}_{0, 1, 2}$ ), ( ${}^{6}{Li}$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ - $t$ ) $E = 60$ MeV; measured $σ (θ)$ ; deduced optical model parameters; coupled-channels calculations, deduced $β_{2}$ ; identified mirror states in ${}^{15}O$ - ${}^{15}N$ ; deduced range of $L$ transfers for each mirror state from finite range DWBA analyses.

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Recent Issues

Study of unbound levels in ${}^{10}C$ via ${}^{10}B ({}^{3}{He}, t)$

Observation of an enhanced $4_{1}^{+}$ → $0^{+}$ crossover transition in ${}^{202}{Pb}$ by conversion electron spectroscopy

( $π, π N$ ) puzzle: Effects of pion charge exchange

Nuclear shock waves in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Erratum: Levels in ${}^{146, 147, 148}{Gd}$ observed following the decay of their terbium parents including a new isotope, ${}^{146}{Tb}$

Coulomb corrections for extracting spectroscopic factors using analyticity

${}^{6}{Li}$ and ${}^{7}{Li}$ induced fission of ${}^{232}{Th}$ and ${}^{238}U$

Masses of $T_{z} = - \frac{1}{2}$ nuclei in the $1 f_{\frac{7}{2}}$ shell

Evidence for an $M 1$ giant resonance in ${}^{138}{Ba}$

Energy levels in ${}^{77}{Br}$

Study of ${}^{101}{Rh}$ with the ( $p, t$ ) reaction

Proton-hole states observed in the ${}^{166}{Er} (d, {}^{3}{He}) {}^{165}{Ho}$ reaction at 34.5 MeV

${}^{3}{He}$ elastic scattering from ${}^{208}{Pb}$ and ${}^{209}{Bi}$ at 71 MeV

States in ${}^{121}{Sn}$ from the ${}^{120}{Sn} (d, p) {}^{121}{Sn}$ reaction at 17 MeV

Nuclear-Coulomb interference in $π^{\pm}$ - ${}^{16}O$ scattering

States at high excitation in ${}^{20}{Ne}$

Relation between the energy-weighted sum rules for nuclear photoabsorption and nuclear muon capture

$E 0$ decay of the two first excited $0^{+}$ states in ${}^{18}O$

Differential cross sections and phase shift analysis of ${}^{3}{He} (p, p) {}^{3}{He}$ between 18.0 and 57 MeV

Mirror states in $A = 15$ from 60-MeV ${}^{6}{Li}$ -induced reactions on ${}^{12}C$

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