Recent Articles

Isospin of the fine structure between 8 and 12 MeV in ${}^{208}{Pb}$ and its implication for the multipole assignment of the 8.9-MeV resonance

R. Pitthan and F. R. Buskirk

Phys. Rev. C 16, 983 (1977) - Published 1 September, 1977

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The giant-resonance region between 8 and 12 MeV measured by ( $e, e^{'}$ ) in ${}^{208}{Pb}$ is disentangled into narrow lines ( $Γ_{nat} < 400$ keV) and broad resonances ( $Γ_{nat} > 1800$ keV). The narrow lines at 10.07, 10.60, and 11.37 MeV have an $E 2$ angular distribution, and assumption of $Δ T = 1$ for them explains controversial experimental results of electromagnetic and hadronic experiments. The new analysis makes an assignment for the 8.9-MeV resonance other than monopole difficult to understand.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{208}{Pb} (e, e^{'})$ , $E_{0} = 50 and 65$ MeV, $θ = 93 ° and 129 °$ ; measured $\frac{d^{2} σ}{d Ω d E_{x}}$ , deduced multipolarity, isospin, sum-rule exhaustion, reduced transition probabilities $B (E λ)$ ; discussion monopole giant resonance (breathing mode).

Systematics of two-neutron-transfer cross sections near closed shells: A sum-rule analysis of ( $p, t$ ) strengths on the lead isotopes

W. A. Lanford

Phys. Rev. C 16, 988 (1977) - Published 1 September, 1977

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We report the study of the ( $p, t$ ) reaction on ${}^{208}{Pb}$ , ${}^{206}{Pb}$ , and ${}^{204}{Pb}$ at $E = 35$ MeV and on the application of the two-neutron-transfer sum rule of Bayman and Clement to these data. Analysis of the sum rule shows that the observed dramatic increase in $J = 0 (p, t)$ cross sections as one goes from targets of ${}^{208}{Pb}$ to ${}^{206}{Pb}$ to ${}^{204}{Pb}$ and the nearly-as-dramatic decrease in $J \neq 0$ cross sections reflect general features of the shell-model character of these nuclei. Application to the present series of nuclei shows that this two-neutron-transfer sum rule can be applied with nearly the same accuracy as the corresponding single-nucleon-transfer sum rules. The relationship between the shell-model and pairing-vibration ( $p, t$ ) strengths is discussed.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{208}{Pb} (p, t)$ , ${}^{207}{Pb} (p, t)$ , ${}^{206}{Pb} (p, t)$ and ${}^{204}{Pb} (p, t)$ , $E_{p} = 35$ MeV; measured $σ (E_{t}, θ)$ ; deduced energies, spins and parities and strengths; sum rule analysis; relationship between shell-model and pairing-vibration model.

Neutron-proton differential cross section measurements at 25.8 and 50.0 MeV

T. C. Montgomery, B. E. Bonner, F. P. Brady, W. B. Broste, and M. W. McNaughton

Phys. Rev. C 16, 499 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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The neutron-proton differential cross section has been measured at 25.8 and 50 MeV to a precision of ≅2% for backward hemisphere c.m. angles and ≅3% for forward angles. Relative cross sections are presented for a c.m. angular range from 20° to near 180°. The 25.8 MeV data are in good agreement with previous measurements at 24.0 and 27.2 MeV. The 50 MeV data are not in agreement with previous measurements, and as has been noted before it is believed that these previous data are in error.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS $H (n, p) n$ 25.8 and 50.0 MeV neutrons; measured $σ (θ)$ from 20° to 175° c.m., normalized to $σ (tot)$ .

Isospin splitting of giant resonances in ${}^{13}C$ and ${}^{17}O$

D. J. Albert, Anton Nagl, Jacob George, R. F. Wagner, and H. Überall

Phys. Rev. C 16, 503 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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The two-particle, one-hole shell model with a harmonic oscillator basis is employed for a calculation of isospin-split giant resonance states in ${}^{13}C$ and ${}^{17}O$ that can be reached from the ground state by $Δ T = 0, 1$ transitions of type $E 1$ or $M 2$ . Residual forces used were a zero-range Soper mixture as well as the separable Tabakin potential. We calculate photoabsorption strengths which for ${}^{13}C$ agree with the available data and with a previous calculation of Easlea using the Soper force; for the Tabakin force, this agreement is achieved without Easlea's ad hoc modification of the interaction. We also evaluate the inelastic form factors for electroexcitation of the ${}^{13}C$ resonance levels, thereby identifying isospin and spin-isospin collective states.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{13}C$ calculated photonuclear cross sections, electron scattering form factors of giant and pygmy resonances ( $T_{>}, T_{<}$ ); ${}^{17}O$ calculated photonuclear cross sections. Used two-particle, one-hole shell model.

${}^{3}H (α, {}^{6}{Li}) n$ reaction at 0°

Ronald E. Brown, G. G. Ohlsen, R. F. Haglund, Jr., and Nelson Jarmie

Phys. Rev. C 16, 513 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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We have measured excitation functions for the reaction ${}^{3}H (α, {}^{6}{Li}) n$ at 0° (lab) in an energy range covering the resonance corresponding to the 5/ $2^{-}$ state in ${}^{7}{Li}$ at 7.46 MeV of excitation. A Ti-tritide target on a nickel backing was bombarded by an $α$ -particle beam, and the ${}^{6}{Li}$ reaction products at 0° were spatially separated from the beam in a magnetic field and were then detected in a thin solid-state detector. Data at 14 bombarding energies were obtained for the ${}^{6}{Li}$ group emitted at $θ_{c . m .} = 0 °$ , and data at 11 energies were obtained for the ${}^{6}{Li}$ group emitted at $θ_{c . m .} = 180 °$ . To normalize these reaction data we measured, simultaneously with the reaction, the yield of the elastically recoiling tritons at ±15° and ±30° (lab). We obtained absolute differential cross sections from the normalized reaction data by measuring excitation functions for ${}^{3}H (α, t) {}^{4}{He}$ at 15° and 30° (lab) using a gas target. The average error in the reaction data is 2.7%; the errors in the 15° elastic data are less than 1%; the majority of the errors in the 30° elastic data are less than 2%; and the α-particle beam energy at the reaction region of the targets was determined to an accuracy of 6 keV. Our reaction data are compared with other data, data evaluations, and a recent three-channel multilevel $R$ -matrix analysis of a large body of mass-7 data.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{3}H (α, {}^{6}{Li}) n$ , ${}^{3}H (α, t) {}^{4}{He}$ , $E = 11.3 - 12.0$ MeV; measured reaction $σ (E; 0 °)$ , elastic $σ (E; 15 °, 30 °)$ . Comparisons with other data, with data evaluations, and with three-channel, multilevel, $R$ -matrix analysis.

Bound-state momentum distributions

Y. Alexander, E. F. Redish, and N. S. Wall

Phys. Rev. C 16, 526 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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Proposed forms for nuclear momentum distributions are investigated. Calculations of ( $p, p^{'}$ ) reactions using those forms are done in a plane-wave impulse approximation at angles where the quasielastic peak is seen and also at back angles. The parameters used are derived from ( $e, e^{'}$ ) data, where the nuclear momenta probed overlap with those of the low angle ( $p, p^{'}$ ) experiment. Although there is reasonable agreement for the ( $p, p^{'}$ ) data at 180°, the inclusion of distortion necessitates a different parameter set to obtain agreement for the quasifree process. We conclude that the ( $p, p^{'}$ ) reaction cannot be readily understood with a simple momentum distribution.

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE ${}^{12}C$ ; low and high momentum behavior of single particle momentum distributions, compared for PWIA calculations of ( $p, p^{'}$ ).

Final-state interactions in the decay of ${}^{12}{C *}$ into three $α$ particles

Tohru Takahashi

Phys. Rev. C 16, 529 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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We apply the Faddeev equations with separable potentials for the decay of ${}^{12}C^{*} (J^{π} = 1^{+}; 12.71 MeV)$ [formed in the reaction ${}^{13}C ({}^{3}{He}, α) {}^{12}C^{*}$ ] via ${}^{8}{Be}$ ( $2^{+}$ ; 2.9 MeV) into three $α$ particles. The $α$ -particle energy spectrum is calculated. No effect of unitarity constraints (rescattering) is observed in the energy spectrum.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{13}C ({}^{3}{He}, α) {}^{12}C^{*} \to 3 α$ , calculated $α$ -particle energy spectrum.

Correlation expansion of the optical potential

D. J. Ernst, J. T. Londergan, Gerald A. Miller, and R. M. Thaler

Phys. Rev. C 16, 537 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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The multiple scattering theory for the optical potential is examined. This series is arranged according to the number of target particles struck in forming the optical potential. The term which involves two target particles is summed as a three-body problem. Explicit formulas for calculating the optical potential in the fixed scatterer approximation are presented. Corrections to the fixed scatterer approximation, one a correction to closure, another a correction due to nonlocality in the two-body interaction, are presented. The relation between this work and other formal rearrangements of the multiple scattering series is presented.

SCATTERING THEORY. Optical potential. Multiple scattering. Nucleon-nucleus scattering.

Effects of bound-state approximations on distorted-wave Born approximation and multistep processes in the channel-coupling-array theory

D. J. Kouri and F. S. Levin

Phys. Rev. C 16, 556 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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The effects of approximating the equations of the channel-coupling-array theory by retaining only bound internal states of the clusters in two-body channels are studied. This approximation corresponds to those used in standard direct nuclear reaction calculations. By use of Lippmann's identity, the exact channel-coupling-array equations may be written in two alternate forms (different off-shell extensions) which respond differently to the bound-state approximation. When the bound state approximation is made on the equations in "folded" form, its main effect is that the distorted-wave Born approximation occurs in only one of the two-body channels, a modified distorted-wave Born approximation occurs in another, and no first order amplitudes of any kind occur in the remaining channels. If Lippmann's identity is first used to unfold the exact channel-coupling-array equations (thereby yielding a different off-shell extension) and then the bound state approximation is applied, distorted-wave Born approximation amplitudes are found in all channels. The need for accurate, nonperturbative solutions to the approximate equations so as to assess the effects of possible loworder approximations is stressed.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Bound-state approximations, channel-coupling-array theory, DWBA and multistep operators.

Class of integral equations for the $N$ -particle transition operators

Gy. Bencze and P. C. Tandy

Phys. Rev. C 16, 564 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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By introducing the concept of a channel coupling scheme, a whole class of integral equations for the $N$ -particle transition operators is constructed. This class is sufficiently general to allow a variety of connected kernel formulations. The coupling schemes leading to both the Kouri-Levin-Tobocman equations and the Bencze-Redish equations are given. The general class is shown to be free of spurious bound state solutions. We show that the coupling scheme must include at least every open two-cluster channel to ensure unique scattering solutions. Equivalence with the Schrödinger equation is not maintained in equations governed by iterated kernels of the channel coupling class. The Weinberg kernel follows as a special case after one iteration, and spurious $N$ -particle bound state solutions are shown to derive from this structure.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS $N$ -particle scattering theory. Construction of a general channel coupling class of connected kernel integral equations. Uniqueness of solution, equivalence with the Schrödinger equation. Iterated kernels, Weinberg kernel.

Coulomb excitation of $2^{+}$ and $3^{-}$ states in ${}^{192}{Pt}$ and ${}^{194}{Pt}$

R. M. Ronningen, R. B. Piercey, A. V. Ramayya, J. H. Hamilton, S. Raman, P. H. Stelson, and W. K. Dagenhart

Phys. Rev. C 16, 571 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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Coulomb excitation of ${}^{192, 194}{Pt}$ , by 14.9 MeV $α$ particles was studied by the magnetic analysis of the particles scattered into 150°. For ${}^{192}{Pt}$ , $B (E 2; 0^{+} \to 2^{+})$ values to the $2^{+}$ states at 317 and 612 keV are 1.89 ± 0.03 $e^{2} b^{2}$ and 0.013 ± 0.002 $e^{2} b^{2}$ , respectively. For ${}^{194}{Pt}$ , the $B (E 2) ↑$ values to the $2^{+}$ states at 329 and 633 keV are 1.68 ± 0.03 $e^{2} b^{2}$ and 0.0094 ± 0.0015 $e^{2} b^{2}$ , respectively. States with $J^{π} = 3^{-}$ at 1378 keV in ${}^{192}{Pt}$ and 1432 in ${}^{194}{Pt}$ are also excited, with $B (E 3) ↑$ values of 0.17 ± 0.03 $e^{2} b^{3}$ and 0.14 ± 0.03 $e^{2} b^{3}$ , respectively. We compare our measurements to others.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{192, 194}{Pt} (α, α^{'})$ , $E = 14.9$ ; measured Coulomb excitation. ${}^{192, 194}{Pt}$ levels deduced $B (E 2)$ , $B (E 3)$ . Enriched targets.

Gamma-ray spectra from capture of 2-eV to 3-keV neutrons by ${}^{181}{Ta}$

M. L. Stelts and J. C. Browne

Phys. Rev. C 16, 574 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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The spectra of $γ$ rays from the capture of neutrons by ${}^{181}{Ta}$ were measured at the Livermore 100-MeV linac for neutrons from 2 eV to 3 keV with a Ge(Li)-NaI three-crystal spectrometer. Neutron resonances were resolved to 200-eV neutron energy. Individual primary $γ$ -ray transitions to final states in ${}^{182}{Ta}$ were resolved to 1778-keV excitation energy. These transitions were used to place 110 states with spin and parity assignments in the ${}^{182}{Ta}$ level diagram. A set of 1240 $E 1$ transition strengths was extracted from 19 neutron resonances of known spin and parity. The most likely $χ^{2}$ fit to the distribution of these widths yielded 1.38 ± 0.11 degrees of freedom. The $E 1$ transition strengths were also examined for correlations with the reduced neutron widths of the initial and final states. The $E 1$ strength function was extracted for $E_{γ} = 4.3 to 6.1$ MeV and compared with previous results.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{181}{Ta} (n, γ)$ , $E = 2 eV - 3 keV$ measured $σ (E, E_{γ})$ , $E_{γ}$ , $I_{γ}$ ; deduced $Q$ , ${}^{182}{Ta}$ levels; extracted $Γ_{γ i}$ distribution, strength function, correlation coefficients. Natural target, three-crystal Ge(Li)-NaI spectrometer.

Low-spin states in ${}^{235}U$ studied with the ( $n, γ$ ) reaction

B. K. S. Koene and R. E. Chrien

Phys. Rev. C 16, 588 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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Primary $γ$ rays following neutron capture in ${}^{234}U$ at the 5.19, 31.2, and 48.8 eV resonances have been studied with a fast chopper. Levels in ${}^{235}U$ were identified to an excitation energy of 2.2 MeV. For most of the primary transitions it was possible to distinguish between E1 and M1 multipolarity on the basis of their absolute widths at the different neutron energies. Data from previous thermal-capture work were included in this analysis. The resulting spin-parity restrictions for levels of ${}^{235}U$ are compared with earlier rotational-band assignments from charged-particle reactions and thermal neutron capture.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{234}U (n, γ)$ , $E = 5.19, 31.2, and 48.8$ eV; measured $E_{γ}$ , $Γ_{γ f}$ . ${}^{235}U$ deduced levels, $J$ , $π$ .

Nuclear resonance fluorescence in ${}^{91}{Zr}$

F. R. Metzger

Phys. Rev. C 16, 597 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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Using electron bremsstrahlung with up to 5-MeV end point energy, the resonant scattering of $γ$ rays by an enriched sample of ${}^{91}{Zr}$ has been studied. Substantial resonant scattering was observed from 14 levels. An additional 17 known levels were found to give rise to marginal peaks or to no observable scattering. In a few instances, the transition strengths corresponding to the resonance fluorescence yields could be compared with the results of other lifetime measurements and with the strengths expected under different assumptions concerning the nature of the levels involved.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{91}{Zr} (γ, γ)$ , bremsstrahlung $1.85 \leq E_{e} \leq 5.0$ MeV; measured $σ (96 °)$ and $σ (126 °)$ , deduced $\frac{g Γ_{0}^{2}}{Γ}$ . Enriched target.

High spin states in ${}^{206, 204, 202}{Tl}$ observed in ( $d, α$ ) reactions at 80 MeV

N. Frascaria, J. P. Didelez, N. S. Chant, and C. C. Chang

Phys. Rev. C 16, 603 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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The ( $d, α$ ) reaction on ${}^{208, 206, 204}{Pb}$ has been studied at 80 MeV bombarding energy. The experimental angular distributions are structured and the transferred angular momentum $L$ could be determined without ambiguity from a comparison of distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations with the experimental angular distributions. The angular momentum matching conditions greatly favored large values of $L$ and allowed the identification of $J^{π} = 12^{-} and 9^{+}$ states in ${}^{206, 204, 202}{Tl}$ . Data for the ${}^{208}{Pb} (d, α) {}^{206}{Tl}$ reaction were compared with shell model calculations. The properties of nine levels could be correlated with very good agreement with those of states predicted in the shell model calculations. Both zero-range and exact finiterange distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations were carried out. Unlike the zero-range distorted-wave Born-approximation results, the exact finite-range angular distributions did not change greatly for different choices of the $α$ particle optical potential. Although somewhat better agreement with the relative cross sections was obtained, the exact finite-range calculations underestimated the absolute cross sections by roughly a factor of 50.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{208, 206, 204}{Pb} (d, α)$ , $E_{d} = 80$ MeV. Measured $σ (θ)$ ; enriched targets; microscopic DWBA analysis; shell model calculations; deduced $J$ , $π$ .

Multipolarities of nuclear transitions involved in the one neutron disintegration of ${}^{238}U$

M. N. Martins, E. Wolynec, and G. Moscati

Phys. Rev. C 16, 613 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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Measurements of the electrodisintegration cross section ${}^{238}U (e, e^{'}, n) {}^{237}U$ in the energy region 6-25 MeV are presented. A virtual photon analysis of experimental data shows that neutron emission occurs only through $E 1$ absorption. Our data establish an upper limit to the strength of $E 2$ transitions, which is only 0.25% of the $E 1$ transitions. Existing data on the decay channels of the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance in ${}^{238}U$ are compared with available data on $E 2$ absorption by this nucleus. A discussion of available experimental data indicating a selectivity of decay modes on the spin and parity of the excited resonance is presented. The sensitivity of electrodisintegration cross sections to the existence of quadrupole components is assessed.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{238}U (e, e^{'}, n)$ ; $E = 6 - 25$ MeV; measured $σ_{e, n} (E)$ ; DWBA virtual photon analysis, deduced photoabsorption $λ L$ .

Short-range correlations with pseudopotentials. VI

Ahmed Osman

Phys. Rev. C 16, 619 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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Short-range pseudopotentials are required to be added to the realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions to achieve healing in the correlated wave functions in such a way as to produce zero-phase shift. The introduction of pseudopotentials leads to an effective interaction and an effective Hamiltonian. The differential cross sections for the two direct stripping nuclear reactions ${}^{28}{Si} (d, p) {}^{29}{Si}$ and ${}^{40}{Ca} (d, p) {}^{41}{Ca}$ have been calculated. In the present calculations, the effective interaction has been derived from the different realistic nucleon-nucleon potentials, Hamada-Johnston, Yale, Tabakin, and Reid potentials and also from the potential $A$ calculated by us. Our present theoretical calculations for the angular distributions have been fitted to the experimental data where good agreement is obtained. The spectroscopic factors extracted from our present work are found to be more reliable.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{28}{Si} (d, p)$ $E = 18.0$ MeV; ${}^{40}{Ca} (d, p)$ $E = 7.0$ MeV; measured $σ (θ)$ ; pseudopotentials; optical model parameters; DWBA analysis; extracted spectroscopic factors.

Interaction times for damped heavy-ion collisions

W. U. Schröder, J. R. Birkelund, J. R. Huizenga, K. L. Wolf, and V. E. Viola, Jr.

Phys. Rev. C 16, 623 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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Angular-momentum dependent interaction times for damped heavy-ion reactions are deduced from experimental angular distributions. The angular momentum $l$ is related to the experimental kinetic-energy loss assuming the energy loss to increase monotonically with decreasing $l$ and the experimental cross section to be given by the sharp cutoff model. Although the analysis depends on the moment of inertia of the intermediate double-nucleus system, rather short interaction times are obtained ranging from $10^{- 22}$ to several times $10^{- 22}$ sec. Assuming this time scale, nucleon diffusion coefficients are deduced from experimental fragment charge distributions.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Deduced angular-momentum dependent interaction times and nucleon diffusion coefficients for reactions between very heavy ions.

FEATURED IN PHYSICSMILESTONE

Central collisions of relativistic heavy ions

J. Gosset, H. H. Gutbrod, W. G. Meyer, A. M. Poskanzer, A. Sandoval, R. Stock, and G. D. Westfall

Phys. Rev. C 16, 629 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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The energy spectra of protons and light nuclei produced by the interaction of ${}^{4}{He}$ and ${}^{20}{Ne}$ projectiles with Al and U targets have been investigated at incident energies ranging from 0.25 to 2.1 GeV per nucleon. Single fragment inclusive spectra have been obtained at angles between 25° and 150°, in the energy range from 30 to 150 MeV/nucleon. The multiplicity of intermediate and high energy charged particles was determined in coincidence with the measured fragments. In a separate study, fragment spectra were obtained in the evaporation energy range from ${}^{12}C$ and ${}^{20}{Ne}$ bombardment of uranium. We observe structureless, exponentially decaying spectra throughout the range of studied fragment masses. There is evidence for two major classes of fragments; one with emission at intermediate temperature from a system moving slowly in the lab frame, and the other with high temperature emission from a system propagating at a velocity intermediate between target and projectile. The high energy proton spectra are fairly well reproduced by a nuclear fireball model based on simple geometrical, kinematical, and statistical assumptions. Light cluster emission is also discussed in the framework of statistical models.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS $U ({}^{20}{Ne}, X)$ , $E = 250$ MeV/nucl.; $U ({}^{20}{Ne}, X)$ , $U (α, X)$ $E = 400$ MeV/nucl.; $U ({}^{20}{Ne}, X)$ , $Al ({}^{20}{Ne}, X)$ , $E = 2.1$ GeV/nucl.; measured $σ (E, θ)$ , $X = p, d, t, {}^{3}{He}, {}^{4}{He}$ . $U ({}^{20}{Ne}, X)$ , $U (α, X)$ , $E = 400$ MeV/nucl.; $U ({}^{20}{Ne}, X)$ , $E = 2.1$ GeV/nucl.; measured $σ (E, θ)$ , Li to O. $U ({}^{20}{Ne}, X)$ , $U ({}^{12}C, X)$ , $E = 2.1$ GeV/nucl.; measured $σ (E, 90 °)$ , ${}^{4}{He}$ to B. Nuclear fireballs, coalescence, thermodynamics of light nuclei production.

High-energy heavy-ion scattering and the optical phase shift function

Victor Franco and Amouzou Tekou

Phys. Rev. C 16, 658 (1977) - Published 1 August, 1977

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We derive, within the framework of the Glauber approximation, an exact expression for the optical phase shift function $\bar{χ} (b)$ which takes into account the center-of-mass correlation function. We calculate total and differential cross sections using the first-order term for $\bar{χ} (b)$ and compare them with the usual (first-order) optical limit results and, for the lighter nuclei, with the exact Glauber results. The nucleus-nucleus elastic scattering amplitude does not exhibit the large- $q$ divergence which characterizes the usual optical limit. Our results improve the calculated total and differential cross sections dramatically for light nuclei, and significantly for medium and heavy nuclei.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Glauber approximation, high-energy scattering theory, center-of-mass effects ${}^{2}H$ , ${}^{4}{He}$ , ${}^{12}C$ , ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{24}{Mg}$ , ${}^{40}{Ca}$ projectiles and targets, $E = 2.1$ GeV/nucleon; calculated $σ$ , ${}^{4}{He}$ ( ${}^{4}{He}$ , ${}^{4}{He}$ ), ${}^{12}C$ ( ${}^{12}C$ , ${}^{12}C$ ), $E = 2.1$ GeV/nucleon; calculated $σ (θ)$ .

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Recent Articles

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Recent Issues

Isospin of the fine structure between 8 and 12 MeV in ${}^{208}{Pb}$ and its implication for the multipole assignment of the 8.9-MeV resonance

Systematics of two-neutron-transfer cross sections near closed shells: A sum-rule analysis of ( $p, t$ ) strengths on the lead isotopes

Neutron-proton differential cross section measurements at 25.8 and 50.0 MeV

Isospin splitting of giant resonances in ${}^{13}C$ and ${}^{17}O$

${}^{3}H (α, {}^{6}{Li}) n$ reaction at 0°

Bound-state momentum distributions

Final-state interactions in the decay of ${}^{12}{C *}$ into three $α$ particles

Correlation expansion of the optical potential

Effects of bound-state approximations on distorted-wave Born approximation and multistep processes in the channel-coupling-array theory

Class of integral equations for the $N$ -particle transition operators

Coulomb excitation of $2^{+}$ and $3^{-}$ states in ${}^{192}{Pt}$ and ${}^{194}{Pt}$

Gamma-ray spectra from capture of 2-eV to 3-keV neutrons by ${}^{181}{Ta}$

Low-spin states in ${}^{235}U$ studied with the ( $n, γ$ ) reaction

Nuclear resonance fluorescence in ${}^{91}{Zr}$

High spin states in ${}^{206, 204, 202}{Tl}$ observed in ( $d, α$ ) reactions at 80 MeV

Multipolarities of nuclear transitions involved in the one neutron disintegration of ${}^{238}U$

Short-range correlations with pseudopotentials. VI

Interaction times for damped heavy-ion collisions

Central collisions of relativistic heavy ions

High-energy heavy-ion scattering and the optical phase shift function

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