Recent Articles

Spin-orbit force and the deformation of ${}^{12}C$

J. P. Svenne and Raymond S. Mackintosh

Phys. Rev. C 18, 983 (1978) - Published 1 August, 1978

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Theoretical and experimental evidence for the deformation of ${}^{12}C$ is surveyed and it is concluded that there is strong evidence for an oblate deformed intrinsic state, contrary to a conclusion by Friar and Negele. Further support for the deformed hypothesis is provided by a self-consistent Hartree-Fock calculation using a density-dependent effective interaction with a realistic spin-orbit interaction. It is concluded that, if the spherical solution is to be favored in the self-consistent calculation, the spin-orbit strength must be at least twice that in the free nucleon-nucleon interaction.

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE ${}^{12}C$ deformation, theory and experiment; density-dependent Hartree-Fock calculation, spin-orbit force.

Nuclear structure information for states in ${}^{85}{Kr}$ from the ${}^{84}{Kr} (d, p)$ and ${}^{84}{Kr} (\vec{d}, p)$ reactions

N. A. Detorie, P. L. Jolivette, C. P. Browne, and A. A. Rollefson

Phys. Rev. C 18, 991 (1978) - Published 1 August, 1978

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The ( $d, p$ ) stripping reaction using polarized and unpolarized deuterons on an isotopically enriched, gas target ${}^{84}{Kr} (J^{π} = 0^{+})$ was used to gain spectroscopic information for levels in ${}^{85}{Kr}$ . Accurate and precise excitation energies for 41 levels from the ground state to over 4 MeV excitation in ${}^{85}{Kr}$ were measured using a magnetic spectrograph. The overall resolution was 16 keV full width at half maximum. Many of the levels were not reported previously. Typically, the error in the excitation energies was 3 keV or less. At 12-MeV deuteron bombarding energy, distorted-wave Born-approximation analysis of the angular distributions enabled $l$ values to be assigned to 29 levels in ${}^{85}{Kr}$ . Measurements of the vector analyzing power enabled $J$ values to be assigned to eight of the ${}^{85}{Kr}$ states. Spectroscopic factors were also extracted. The proton spectra also contained several states in ${}^{87}{Kr}$ excited by the ${}^{86}{Kr} (d, p)$ reaction. Vector analyzing power measurements of the ${}^{86}{Kr} (d, p_{0})$ reaction enabled the first definitive spin assignment of $\frac{5}{2^{+}}$ to be made to the ${}^{87}{Kr}$ ground state.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{84, 86}{Kr} (\vec{d}, p) {}^{84, 86}{Kr} (d, p)$ , enriched target, measured $E_{x}$ , $σ (θ)$ , $A_{y} (θ)$ , deduced $l$ , $J$ , $S$ , with distorted-wave Born-approximation analysis.

${}^{21}{Ne} ({}^{3}{He}, p) {}^{23}{Na}$ reaction

H. T. Fortune, J. R. Powers, R. Middleton, H. Nann, and B. H. Wildenthal

Phys. Rev. C 18, 1 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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The reaction ${}^{21}{Ne} ({}^{3}{He}, p) {}^{23}{Na}$ has been investigated at a bombarding energy of 18.0 MeV, using enriched ${}^{21}{Ne}$ gas contained in a rotating gas cell. Angular distributions for the positive-parity states have been analyzed with the distorted-wave Born approximation, using transfer amplitudes from an ${(sd)}^{7}$ shell-model calculation. Agreement with experiment is good. Tentative correspondences are suggested for all experimental and theoretical levels below 6 MeV excitation. Low-lying negative-parity states are very weakly populated.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{21}{Ne} ({}^{3}{He}, p)$ , $E = 18.0$ MeV; measured $σ (E_{p}, θ)$ . ${}^{23}{Na}$ deduced levels $L$ , $J$ , $π$ . DWBA analysis with shell-model wave functions. Enriched gas target.

Energy levels of ${}^{60}{Fe}$ populated by the ${}^{58}{Fe} (t, p) {}^{60}{Fe}$ reaction

Eric B. Norman, Cary N. Davids, and Calvin E. Moss

Phys. Rev. C 18, 102 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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Thirteen levels below 3.8-MeV excitation in ${}^{60}{Fe}$ have been identified using the ${}^{58}{Fe} (t, p) {}^{60}{Fe}$ reaction. Analysis of the proton angular distributions has yielded spins and parities of most states observed below 3.1 MeV. The ground-state $Q$ value is 6913 ± keV, yielding a mass excess for ${}^{60}{Fe}$ of -61404±5 keV. The level structure of ${}^{60}{Fe}$ deduced from this experiment is compared with previous measurements and is discussed in terms of a vibrational model.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{58}{Fe} (t, p) {}^{60}{Fe}$ , $E_{t} = 17.0$ MeV, Q3D spectrograph; enriched targets, measured excitation energies, $\frac{d σ}{d Ω} (θ, E_{p})$ , DWBA analysis. ${}^{60}{Fe}$ levels deduced $L$ , $J$ , $π$ .

Isomeric transitions in ${}^{98}{Tc}$

M. Bini, A. M. Bizzeti-Sona, P. Blasi, E. Focardi, and N. Taccetti

Phys. Rev. C 18, 108 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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A search for short-life isomers in ${}^{98}{Tc}$ has been made with the reaction ${}^{98}{Mo} (p, n) {}^{98}{Tc}$ and a pulsed proton beam. Three new isomeric transitions have been identified in addition to the known one of 14.6 ns half-life. The mean lives measured for the three $γ$ rays of 47.8, 57.0, and 65.2 keV come out to be $τ_{m} = (11.6 \pm 0.3), (11.6 \pm 0.9), and (11.4 \pm 2.8)$ (11.6 ± 0.9), and (11.4 ± 2.8) ns, respectively. These transitions have been attributed to the decay of the 138.6 keV level. Two new levels at 73.4 keV and at 90.8 keV have been identified and are suggested as possible candidates for the 14.6 μs isomer. An upper limit ( $τ_{m} < 2$ ns) has also been obtained for the mean life of the levels at 65.4, 81.6, 152.0, 190.3, and 203.9 keV.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{98}{Mo} (p, n γ)$ , $E_{p} = 4 - 5$ MeV, pulsed beam; measured $E_{γ}$ , delayed $γ$ . ${}^{98}{Tc}$ isomer observed, deduced lifetime. Enriched target.

Antisymmetrization effects and the form factor of the real part of the $α$ -nucleus potential

Z. Majka, A. Budzanowski, K. Grotowski, and A. Strzałkowski

Phys. Rev. C 18, 114 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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Antisymmetrization effects in the $α$ -nucleus interaction are investigated on the basis of a microscopic model in an one nucleon exchange approximation. It influences the form factor, increasing the halfway radius and decreasing the diffuseness as compared with the direct term of the potential only. Antisymmetrization preserves the shape of the potential which can be parametrized by a Woods-Saxon squared form. The phenomenological potential with the energy independent form factor of the above shape fits experimental data in a wide energy region.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{90}{Zr} (α, α)$ ,, $E = 26.2, 40, 59.1, 79.5, 99.5, 118, and 166$ MeV. Microscopic optical model analysis with antisymmetrization.

Multiplicity of the $γ$ cascades in the ${}^{61}{Cu}$ continuum: Dependence on excitation energy of the entry states

J. H. Barker, D. G. Sarantites, Ö. Skeppstedt, E. Wallander, G. Alenius, and S. -E. Arnell

Phys. Rev. C 18, 119 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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The multiplicity of the $γ$ cascades in the ${}^{61}{Cu}$ continuum entering 17 levels populated via the ${}^{58}{Ni} ({}^{4}{He}, p γ) {}^{61}{Cu}$ reaction have been measured for incident ${}^{4}{He}$ energies of 17.0 and 19.5 MeV. A general trend of increasing multiplicity of side feeding with increasing excitation energy of the entry states is established. For excitations between 6.0 and 12.5 MeV in ${}^{61}{Cu}$ the side—feeding multiplicities vary between 1.2 and 4.0, while the total multiplicities vary between 4.0 and 6.8. The side—feeding multiplicities from the 19.5-MeV experiment are about 0.7 units higher than those from the 17.0-MeV experiment. Detailed statistical model calculations which include explicitly $γ$ —ray competition reproduce the trends and the magnitudes of the measured multiplicities.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{58}{Ni} (α, p γ)$ ,, 17.0 and 19.5 MeV; measured $γ$ -ray multiplicities vs $E^{*}$ ; compound statistical model analysis.

Electromagnetic properties of ${}^{194}{Pt}$ and the question of its triaxiality

C. Baktash, J. X. Saladin, J. J. O'Brien, and J. G. Alessi

Phys. Rev. C 18, 131 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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In a precision Coulomb excitation experiment, particle spectroscopy with $α$ particles, as well as particle- $γ$ coincidence techniques involving $α$ and ${}^{16}O$ beams were employed to investigate the reduced static and transition matrix elements for the low lying collective states in ${}^{194}{Pt}$ . The $α$ spectroscopy was carried out in the 7.0 to 17.5 MeV range to check for deviations from pure Coulomb excitation. Besides the familiar Coulomb-nuclear interference which sets in at higher energies, the low energy data show a systematic deviation which is attributed to the combined effects of atomic screening and vacuum polarization. Semiclassical and quantum mechanical coupled channel codes were used to analyze the data. Both sets of data were analyzed in terms of the reduced transition matrix elements that connect the $0^{+}$ , $2_{1}^{+}$ , $2_{2}^{+}$ , $4_{1}^{+}$ , $4_{2}^{+}$ , and $3^{-}$ excited states. We also report on the spectroscopic quadrupole moment of the $2_{2}^{+}$ , and $4_{1}^{+}$ states. The results are compared with several models, including the microscopic pairing-plus-quadrupole model of Kumar and Baranger, and the Davydov's phenomenological asymmetric rigid rotor model. These two models predict a soft- $γ$ , and assume a rigid- $γ$ potential energy surface for ${}^{194}{Pt}$ , respectively. If $χ^{2}$ values were to be used as a measure of the "goodness of fit" to the available data, the pairing-plus-quadrupole model ( $χ^{2} = 0.6$ ) would then be favored over the asymmetric rigid rotator model ( $χ^{2} = 3.3$ ).

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{194}{Pt} (α, α^{'})$ , $E = 7 - 17.5$ MeV; measured $σ (E; 130 ° 171.7 °)$ deduced $B (E 2)$ , $B (E 3)$ . ${}^{194}{Pt} (α, α^{'} γ)$ , $E = 16$ MeV; ${}^{194}{Pt} ({}^{16}O, {}^{16}O^{'} γ)$ , $E = 46, 54$ MeV; measured part. $- γ$ coin; deduced $B (E 2)$ , $B (E 3)$ , $B (E 4)$ , $q (2_{2}^{+})$ , $q (4_{1}^{+})$ . Enriched targets, Ge (Li) detector. Coupled channel semiclassical and quantum mechanical analysis.

Compound and precompound emission of $α$ particles in reactions of even Zn isotopes with low-energy protons and ${}^{4}{He}$ ions

C. R. Lux and N. T. Porile

Phys. Rev. C 18, 148 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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Energy spectra of $α$ particles emitted in the reactions of ${}^{64}{Zn}$ , ${}^{66}{Zn}$ , ${}^{68}{Zn}$ , and ${}^{70}{Zn}$ with 12.5 MeV protons and 18 MeV ${}^{4}{He}$ ions were measured between 30° and 150° to the beam. The contribution of the precompound process was determined on the basis of the asymmetry in the angular distribution and by comparison of the spectra with calculations based on the compound and precompound models. Both methods indicate that the contribution of this process increases with target neutron number and is of greatest importance for the ( $α, α^{'}$ ) reaction. The ratio of $α$ to neutron evaporation widths is found to depend strongly on target neutron number and a correlation is established with the corresponding separation energies.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{64}{Zn} (α, α^{'})$ , ${}^{66}{Zn} (α, α^{'})$ , ${}^{68}{Zn} (α, α^{'})$ , ${}^{70}{Zn} (α, α^{'})$ $E_{α} = 18.0$ MeV; ${}^{64}{Zn} (p, α)$ ,, ${}^{66}{Zn} (p, α)$ , ${}^{68}{Zn} (p, α)$ , ${}^{70}{Zn} (p, α)$ $E_{p} = 12.5$ MeV. Measured $α$ spectra between 30° and 150°; deduced relative contribution of compound and precompound processes.

${}^{30}{Si}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{16}O$ ′) ${}^{30}{Si}$ * reaction at 60 MeV

A. Dudek-Ellis, V. Shkolnik, J. L. Artz, D. Dehnhard, P. J. Ellis, and H. P. Morsch

Phys. Rev. C 18, 158 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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Data were taken for ${}^{30}{Si}$ + ${}^{16}O$ elastic scattering and inelastic scattering to the first excited $2^{+}$ state of ${}^{30}{Si}$ . Good fits to the data were obtained in coupled channels calculations. It was not found possible to discriminate between small and "standard" value of the imaginary diffuseness.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{30}{Si}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{16}O$ ), ${}^{30}{Si}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{16}O$ ′), $σ (θ)$ , $E = 60$ MeV; coupled channels analysis.

Intermediate structure resonances in the inelastic scattering of ${}^{12}C$ on ${}^{16}O$

R. E. Malmin, J. W. Harris, and P. Paul

Phys. Rev. C 18, 163 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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Excitation functions for inelastic scattering of ${}^{12}C$ + ${}^{16}O$ to the $2^{+}$ state in ${}^{12}C$ at 4.43 MeV, the ( $3^{-}$ , $0^{+}$ ) doublet at 6.1 MeV and the ( $2^{+}$ , $1^{-}$ ) states at 7.0 MeV in ${}^{16}O$ have been measured over the energy range $33 \leq E_{lab} \leq 54$ MeV in 200-keV steps, at c.m. angles ranging from 100° to 165°. Several new intermediate structure resonances are observed in the inelastic channels. A statistical analysis reveals strong correlations in angle and in exit channels. Complete elastic and inelastic angular distributions were measured at the energies of $E_{c . m .} = 13.6, 19.7, 20.5, 22.0, and 22.6$ MeV as well as as at 21.3 MeV. Optical model fits to the elastic angular distributions result in the spin assignments $J = 9^{-}, 14^{+}, and 15^{-} (16^{+})$ $14^{+}$ , and $15^{-}$ ( $16^{+}$ ) for the resonances at $E_{c . m .} = 13.6, 19.7, and 22.0$ 19.7, and 22.0 MeV, respectively. Partial widths are extracted from the data. The reduced widths of the inelastic channels are large, establishing their importance in the resonance mechanism. The results are compared to predictions of existing models, and it is found that a simple double-resonance model does not adequately describe the data.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{12}C$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{16}O$ *) ${}^{12}C$ *; $E = 33 - 54$ MeV, $θ_{c . m .} = 100 ° - 160 °$ ; measured $σ (E, θ)$ , deduced resonances, $J$ , reduced widths.

Energy dependence of elastic scattering and one-nucleon transfer reactions induced by ${}^{16}O$ on ${}^{208}{Pb}$ . I

Steven C. Pieper, M. H. Macfarlane, D. H. Gloeckner, D. G. Kovar, F. D. Becchetti, B. G. Harvey, D. L. Hendrie, H. Homeyer, J. Mahoney, F. Pühlhofer, W. von Oertzen, and M. S. Zisman

Phys. Rev. C 18, 180 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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Elastic scattering for ${}^{16}O$ on ${}^{208}{Pb}$ and the single-nucleon transfer reactions ${}^{208}{Pb}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{15}N$ ) ${}^{209}{Bi}$ and ${}^{208}{Pb}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{17}O$ ) ${}^{207}{Pb}$ have been measured at bombarding energies of 104, 138.5, and 216.6 MeV. A detailed optical model analysis of ${}^{16}O$ on ${}^{208}{Pb}$ elastic data from 80 to 216.6 MeV has been made. The Woods-Saxon potential parameters must be energy dependent to accurately reproduce the elastic data. Finite-range distorted-wave Born-approximation calculations employing both energy- independent and energy-dependent optical potentials are compared with the transfer data. With the exception of small shifts in angle, the distorted-wave Born approximation correctly predicts the shape of the angular distributions and the evolution of the relative single-particle strengths as functions of the bombarding energy. However, the distorted-wave Born approximation fails (by a factor of 2 to 3) to predict the observed energy dependence of the absolute single-particle transfer strength. It is demonstrated that this failure is not likely to be corrected by changes in the bound-state or optical-model potentials, if Woods-Saxon forms that fit the elastic data are used.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{16}O$ + ${}^{208}{Pb}$ elastic, ${}^{208}{Pb}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{15}N$ ) ${}^{209}{Bi}$ , ${}^{208}{Pb}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{17}O$ ) ${}^{207}{Pb}$ , $E_{L} = 104, 138.5, 216.6$ 138.5, 216.6 MeV, measured $σ (θ)$ ; $80 <~ E_{L} <~ 216.6$ MeV optical-model and distorted-wave Born-approximation analysis, energy dependence of distorted-wave Born approximation.

Energy dependence of elastic scattering and one-nucleon transfer reactions induced by ${}^{16}O$ on ${}^{208}{Pb}$ . II

C. Olmer, M. Mermaz, M. Buenerd, C. K. Gelbke, D. L. Hendrie, J. Mahoney, D. K. Scott, M. H. Macfarlane, and S. C. Pieper

Phys. Rev. C 18, 205 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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The elastic scattering and single-nucleon stripping reactions induced by 312.6 MeV ${}^{16}O$ on ${}^{208}{Pb}$ are investigated and compared with data at lower incident energies. Distorted-wave Born-approximation analyses account rather well for the relative final-state yields at each energy, but fail to reproduce the absolute energy dependence of the observed transfer cross sections.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{208}{Pb}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{16}O$ ), ${}^{208}{Pb}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{15}N$ ), ${}^{208}{Pb}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{15}O$ ), $E_{L} = 312.6$ MeV; measured $σ (θ)$ ; optical model and DWBA analyses; energy dependence of DWBA.

Calculation of Kr and Xe induced deeply inelastic heavy-ion collisions with the help of a transport equation

D. Agassi, C. M. Ko, and Hans A. Weidenmüller

Phys. Rev. C 18, 223 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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A transport theory developed previously is applied to deeply inelastic heavy-ion reactions induced by Kr and Xe ions. Doubly differential cross sections in energy and angle for fragments of various charges are calculated, and compared with the data. Good agreement is obtained. The paper does not contain a description of the theory which has been published elsewhere. It does, however, contain a brief summary of the basic physical ideas underlying the theory, as well as an account of the equations actually solved.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Distributions in energy, angles, and mass of reaction calculated and compared with the data.

( $\vec{d}, t$ ) and ( $\vec{d}$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ) reactions on ${}^{12}C$ , ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{24}{Mg}$ , and ${}^{40}{Ca}$ at 29 MeV

J. D. Cossairt, S. B. Talley, D. P. May, R. E. Tribble, and R. L. Spross

Phys. Rev. C 18, 23 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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The ( $\vec{d}, t$ ) and ( $\vec{d}$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ) reactions on targets of ${}^{12}C$ , ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{24}{Mg}$ , and ${}^{40}{Ca}$ leading to prominent low-lying analog states in the residual nuclei have been studied by measuring differential cross sections and vector analyzing powers. The cross section angular distributions at best exhibit only a weak sensitivity to the transferred angular momentum while the vector analyzing powers are strongly sensitive to the transferred angular momentum and provide a useful signature of the $j$ transfer. Zero-range distorted-wave Born-approximation predictions describe the $σ (θ)$ angular distributions quite well for the lighter targets while they only partially succeed in describing the $A_{y} (θ)$ for the lighter targets. An improved distorted-wave Born-approximation description was obtained for the ${}^{40}{Ca}$ target. Some sensitivity to the choice of optical parameters in the distorted-wave Born-approximation analysis, particularly obvious in the $A_{y} (θ)$ predictions was seen. Values of extracted spectroscopic factors were generally consistent with those reported in other work (both experimental and theoretical).

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{12}C$ , ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{24}{Mg}$ , ${}^{40}{Ca} (\vec{d}, t)$ and ( $\vec{d}$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ), $E = 29$ MeV analog states, measured $σ (θ)$ and $A_{y} (θ)$ , DWBA calculations.

Alpha transfer to ${}^{18}O$ with empirical wave functions

H. T. Fortune and D. Kurath

Phys. Rev. C 18, 236 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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Wave functions for ${}^{18}O$ derived from fits to particle-transfer and $γ$ -decay data have been used in finite-range distorted-wave calculations of the reaction ${}^{14}C ({}^{7}{Li}, t) {}^{18}O$ . The agreement between experimental and theoretical cross sections is excellent.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{14}C ({}^{7}{Li}, t) {}^{18}O$ , $E = 20.4$ MeV. FR DWBA analysis using empirical wave functions.

Heavy-ion transfer reactions as a diffusion process

H. Oeschler, J. P. Coffin, P. Engelstein, A. Gallmann, K. S. Sim, and P. Wagner

Phys. Rev. C 18, 239 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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The transfer reactions induced by ${}^{28}{Si}$ on ${}^{130}{Te}$ at $E_{lab} = 140$ MeV exhibit properties which can be explained with the picture of classical Coulomb trajectories (angular distributions, limited mass transfer, average $Q$ values). However, several characteristics such as strongly decreasing average $Q$ values at forward angles can be understood only in terms of multiple interactions. Presentation of the data as a function of angle, energy loss, and transferred mass reveals the two aspects: the domain of one-step character and the region of multistep processes. Applying a diffusion model, the mass and energy transport coefficients are deduced. They agree well with those obtained from deep inelastic collisions.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{28}{Si}$ + ${}^{130}{Te}$ ; $E = 140$ MeV; transfer reactions; measured $〈 Q 〉$ and $〈 Δ A 〉$ ;; deduced drift and diffusion coefficients for energy dissipation and mass transport.

High-spin states in ${}^{34}{Cl}$

P. Baumann, A. M. Bergdolt, G. Bergdolt, A. Huck, G. Walter, H. Fromm, and H. V. Klapdor

Phys. Rev. C 18, 247 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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High-spin states in ${}^{34}{Cl}$ were populated in the ${}^{27}{Al} ({}^{12}C, α n) {}^{34}{Cl}$ fusion-evaporation reaction between 27 and 45 MeV incident energy and in the ${}^{31}P (α, n) {}^{34}{Cl}$ reaction at 14.4 MeV. The decay scheme is obtained from $γ - γ$ and $n - γ$ coincidence measurements. The $J^{π}$ assignments for the levels at 4743, 4824, and 5315 keV result from angular distributions, directional correlation ratios, and excitation functions. The lifetime of the 5315 keV level was measured in a recoil distance experiment.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{27}{Al} ({}^{12}C, α n) {}^{34}{Cl}$ ; measured $γ - γ$ coinc and $σ (E γ, θ)$ at $E_{lab} = 40$ MeV and $σ (E)$ from 27 to 45 MeV; ${}^{31}P (α, n) {}^{34}{Cl}$ , $E_{α} = 14.4$ MeV, measured $n - γ$ coinc, ${}^{34}{Cl}$ deduced levels, $J^{π}$ . Measured R. D. M., deduced $τ$ . Natural targets, Ge(Li) detectors, liquid scintillator. Comparison with theoretical weak-coupling model.

Alpha transfer to ${}^{23}{Na}$

H. T. Fortune, J. R. Powers, R. Middleton, K. Bethge, and A. A. Pilt

Phys. Rev. C 18, 255 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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The ${}^{19}F ({}^{6}{Li}, d) {}^{23}{Na}$ reaction has been investigated at a bombarding energy of 16.0 MeV, using an S $F_{6}$ gas target. Angular distributions were measured for all states below 6 MeV excitation and analyzed with zero range distorted-wave Born approximation to extract relative $α$ -spectroscopic factors. These are in very poor agreement witn predictions of a pure SU(3) model calculation and also with a more realistic shell-model calculation.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{19}F ({}^{6}{Li}, d) {}^{23}{Na}$ , $E = 16.0$ MeV; measured $σ (E_{d}, θ)$ . ${}^{23}{Na}$ deduced levels, $L$ , $J^{π}$ , $S_{α}$ . S $F_{6}$ gas target. Comparison with SU(3), shell model.

Molecular particle-core model and its application to ${}^{13}C$ - ${}^{13}C$ scattering

Georg Terlecki, Werner Scheid, Hans Joachim Fink, and Walter Greiner

Phys. Rev. C 18, 265 (1978) - Published 1 July, 1978

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On the basis of the two-center shell model a theory is developed for the excitation of loosely bound nucleons in heavy ion collisions. These nucleons move in the two-center shell model potential generated by all the nucleons and are described by molecular wave functions. The model is applied to calculate the cross sections for the elastic and inelastic ${}^{13}C$ - ${}^{13}C$ scattering. The cross sections show intermediate structures caused by the excitation of quasibound resonances in the molecular nucleus-nucleus potential.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}^{13}C$ ( ${}^{13}C$ , ${}^{13}C$ ) molecular wave functions, dynamical two-center shell model, quasimolecular resonances, radial and Coriolis coupling, coupled channel calculations for $σ (θ)$ .

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Physical Review C

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Spin-orbit force and the deformation of ${}^{12}C$

Nuclear structure information for states in ${}^{85}{Kr}$ from the ${}^{84}{Kr} (d, p)$ and ${}^{84}{Kr} (\vec{d}, p)$ reactions

${}^{21}{Ne} ({}^{3}{He}, p) {}^{23}{Na}$ reaction

Energy levels of ${}^{60}{Fe}$ populated by the ${}^{58}{Fe} (t, p) {}^{60}{Fe}$ reaction

Isomeric transitions in ${}^{98}{Tc}$

Antisymmetrization effects and the form factor of the real part of the $α$ -nucleus potential

Multiplicity of the $γ$ cascades in the ${}^{61}{Cu}$ continuum: Dependence on excitation energy of the entry states

Electromagnetic properties of ${}^{194}{Pt}$ and the question of its triaxiality

Compound and precompound emission of $α$ particles in reactions of even Zn isotopes with low-energy protons and ${}^{4}{He}$ ions

${}^{30}{Si}$ ( ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{16}O$ ′) ${}^{30}{Si}$ * reaction at 60 MeV

Intermediate structure resonances in the inelastic scattering of ${}^{12}C$ on ${}^{16}O$

Energy dependence of elastic scattering and one-nucleon transfer reactions induced by ${}^{16}O$ on ${}^{208}{Pb}$ . I

Energy dependence of elastic scattering and one-nucleon transfer reactions induced by ${}^{16}O$ on ${}^{208}{Pb}$ . II

Calculation of Kr and Xe induced deeply inelastic heavy-ion collisions with the help of a transport equation

( $\vec{d}, t$ ) and ( $\vec{d}$ , ${}^{3}{He}$ ) reactions on ${}^{12}C$ , ${}^{16}O$ , ${}^{24}{Mg}$ , and ${}^{40}{Ca}$ at 29 MeV

Alpha transfer to ${}^{18}O$ with empirical wave functions

Heavy-ion transfer reactions as a diffusion process

High-spin states in ${}^{34}{Cl}$

Alpha transfer to ${}^{23}{Na}$

Molecular particle-core model and its application to ${}^{13}C$ - ${}^{13}C$ scattering

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