The ${}_{}{}^{70}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zn}$($\overrightarrow{t}$,$\alpha$)${}_{}{}^{69}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$ reaction has been used to determine the atomic mass excess of ${}_{}{}^{69}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$ (-65717±21 keV) and the parameters of five excited states with $E_x<2.6\mathrm{}$ MeV. The ground and first excited states of ${}_{}{}^{69}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$ have $J^{\pi }={\frac{3}{2}}^{-} \mathrm{and} {\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$ from unambiguous $A_y$ determinations.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{70}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Zn}$($\overrightarrow{t}$,$\alpha$), $E\left(\mathrm{pol}\right)=17\mathrm{}$ MeV, measured $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$, $A_y$ for ${}_{}{}^{69}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$ states. Mass of ${}_{}{}^{69}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Cu}$. Determined $E_x$, $J^{\pi }$.

Differential cross section for elastic scattering of 468 keV $\gamma$-rays were measured for Pb, W, Sn, Cd, Ag, Mo, and Cu for angles ranging from 5° to 40°. The results were compared with form factor approximations using Dirac-Hartree-Fock-Slater wave functions, as tabulated by Hubbel, and in some cases, with second order perturbation calculations. For W and Pb deviations from the form factor theory occur for photons scattered above 20° corresponding to a momentum transfer of 6 ${\mathrm{\AA }}^{-1\mathrm{}}$.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Elastic atomic scattering; Pb, W, Sn, Cd, Ag, Mo, Cu ($\gamma$,$\gamma$); $E=468\mathrm{}$ keV; $\theta$ from 5° to 40°; measured $\frac{d\sigma (E,\theta )}{d\Omega }$; compared with theoretical Rayleigh cross section; natural targets.

Thick target yields of the ($d$,$p$) reaction on ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$, ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}$, and ${}_{}{}^{10}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$ have been measured at a scattering angle of 150° for deuteron bombarding energies between 29 and 170 keV. The differential cross sections were deduced from the thick target yields using recently published values of the stopping power of low energy deuterons in matter.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$, ${}_{}{}^9{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Be}$, ${}_{}{}^{10}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$($d$,$p$), $E_d=29-170\mathrm{}$ keV. Measured thick target yield. Deduced $\sigma ({\theta }_p=150\mathrm{}°)$.

Differential cross sections at a few angles for ${}_{}{}^{22}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$($\alpha$,${\alpha }_i$)${}_{}{}^{22}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$ are reported for ${\alpha }_i={\alpha }_0, {\alpha }_1, \mathrm{and} {\alpha }_2$ mainly in 10 keV steps for $22<\mathrm{}{E}_x\left({}_{}{}^{26}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Mg}\right)<\mathrm{}28.3\mathrm{}$ MeV. Much resonant structure occurs.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{22}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$($\alpha$,$\alpha$), $13.4\le E_{\alpha } \left(\mathrm{MeV}\right)\le 20,8$, elastic and inelastic ($2^{+}$, 1.27 MeV and $4^{+}$, 3.36 MeV). Measured $\sigma (\theta ,E_{\alpha })$ at one or two angles.

Using the ${}_{}{}^{79}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Br}$(${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$,$t$)${}_{}{}^{79}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$ and ${}_{}{}^{81}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Br}$(${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$,$t$)${}_{}{}^{81}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$ reactions, the excitation energies of the lowest isobaric analog states have been measured in ${}_{}{}^{79}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$ and ${}_{}{}^{81}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$. The implications for solar neutrino detection schemes are discussed.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{79}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Br}$(${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$,$t$)${}_{}{}^{79}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$, ${}_{}{}^{81}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Br}$(${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$,$t$)${}_{}{}^{81}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$, $E\left({}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}\right)=24.5\mathrm{}$ MeV; isobaric analog state excitation energy inferred.

The maximum value of the analyzing power $A$ for $\mathrm{pp}$ elastic scattering has been measured at 17° lab as a function of energy from 318 to 800 MeV. No unexpected energy dependent structure is observed at the 0.5% level.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^1{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$($p$,$p$)${}_{}{}^1{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$, $E=318-800\mathrm{}$ MeV, measured $A$ at ${\theta }_{\mathrm{lab}}=17\mathrm{}°$.

Measurements of the differential cross section for 200 MeV proton scattering from ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ have been extended to momentum transfers between 4 and 6 ${\mathrm{fm}}^{-1\mathrm{}}$. These new results are in disagreement with the parameter-free, microscopic optical potential model of Brieva, Rook, and Geramb, which satisfactorily reproduces the data at smaller momentum transfer. Calculations within the framework of a phenomenological optical potential also have difficulty explaining all of the structure observed in the large-angle region; the latter is very sensitive to changes of the potential at small radii.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$($p$,$p$), $E_p=200\mathrm{}$ MeV; measured $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$; optical model analysis; compare to microscopic model predictions.

Precise measurements of ground-state $Q$ values for ${}_{}{}^{76}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ge}$($t$,$p$)${}_{}{}^{78}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ge}$(6310±5 keV) and ${}_{}{}^{80}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Se}$($d$,$\alpha$)${}_{}{}^{78}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{As}$(5755±12 keV) result in mass excesses of - 71 861±6 keV for ${}_{}{}^{78}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ge}$ and - 72 805±13 keV for ${}_{}{}^{78}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{As}$, both of which are much more precise than previous values.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{76,\mathrm{n}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{t}}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ge}$($t$,$p$), ${}_{}{}^{80}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Se}$($d$,$\alpha$) measured $Q$ values, deduced mass excesses. Enriched targets.

The positive parity states in ${}_{}{}^{193}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Au}$ are discussed in terms of a dynamical super (Bose-Fermi) symmetry that has recently been proposed by Iachello. In the present example the supersymmetry is generated by $L=0,2\mathrm{}$ bosons with O(6) symmetry and a fermion with $j=\frac{3}{2}$.

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE ${}_{}{}^{193}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Au}$; relative $B\left(E2\right)$ values, Spin (6) dynamical (Bose-Fermi) symmetry, $E2\mathrm{}$ selection rules.

The angular asymmetry and the total cross section for the ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$($\gamma$,$d$) reaction have been measured. The total cross section measurement agrees with the most recent Faddeev-type calculation but the angular asymmetry departs from the prediction of a simple plane wave calculation that fits the ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$($\gamma$,$d$) data. In the absence of final state interactions the ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ and ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$ asymmetries should be related by -1/5 (i.e., the isospin dependence). These data would appear to indicate that the $E2$ final state interaction in the ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$ ($\gamma$,$d$) reaction has to be carefully treated.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$($\gamma$,$d$), $E=15-36\mathrm{}$ MeV. Measured $\sigma (\theta ,E)$.

Energy correlation measurements were performed for the photofission of ${}_{}{}^{235}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$ with 12-, 15-, 20-, 30-, and 70-MeV bremsstrahlung. Overall fragment mass and kinetic energy distributions are deduced. The behavior of the total fragment kinetic energy as a function of the fragment mass and excitation energy of the compound nucleus is studied. The results are interpreted in terms of the scission-point model of Wilkins et al.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS, FISSION ${}_{}{}^{235}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$($\gamma$,$f$), $E_{\gamma max}=12, 15, 20, 30, \mathrm{and} 70$ MeV; measured fragment energies $E_1$, $E_2$; deduced $\frac{N(\mu ,E_K)}{〈E_{\mathrm{exc}}\left(E_e\right)〉}$.

Calculations for the reactor averaged cross section $〈\sigma ({\overline{\nu }}_e{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{nn}{e}^{+})〉$ are given for four different reactor neutrino spectra in common use. Use is made of existing neutral current data for $〈\sigma ({\overline{\nu }}_e{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{np}{\overline{\nu }}_e)〉$ to obtain the elementary particle model form factors. Results for $〈\sigma ({\overline{\nu }}_e{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}\to \mathrm{nn}{e}^{+})〉$ vary from 2.08×${10}^{-45\mathrm{}}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^2$ to 1.35×${10}^{-45\mathrm{}}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^2$ with errors strongly dependent on spectrum accuracy.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Disintegration cross sections at reactor energies for ${}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}({\overline{\nu }}_e,e^{+})nn$ calculated for several spectra using the elementary particle model.

The experimental results from Coulomb excitation of vibrational-like $2^{+}$ states in ${}_{}{}^{166-170}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Er}$ are compared with the predictions of the interacting boson approximation model. The breaking of the SU(3) symmetry by the pairing term plays a crucial role in giving a much better account of the $B\left(E2\right)$ values for decay of the $K$,$J^{\pi }=0,2^{+}$ state. In general, the interacting boson approximation model provides a detailed quantitative description of the level energies and of the $E2$ transition probabilities.

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE IBA model predictions of the $B\left(E2\right)$ values for the different decay modes of the $2^{+}$ states in ${}_{}{}^{166-170}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Er}$.

A previous study of the Coulomb interaction in nonrelativistic multiple-scattering theory is extended to account for relativistic effects. The projectile-nucleus Coulomb potential is computed from the relativistic Møller amplitude for projectile-nucleon scattering at low momentum transfer. The resulting Coulomb potential is reasonably approximated by folding $\frac{e^2}{|\overrightarrow{\mathrm{r}}-{\overrightarrow{\mathrm{r}}}^{\prime }|}$ with the nuclear charge density, but must be multiplied by an additional kinematic factor to bring the corresponding projectile-nucleus Coulomb-scattering amplitude into agreement with relativistic results.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Kinematic corrections to the proton-nucleus Coulomb potential which simultaneously achieve consistency with nonrelativistic multiple scattering theories and with covariant formulations of Coulomb scattering.

Single proton and neutron states are extrapolated from the recently revised shell model states of ${}_{}{}^{208}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ with the help of optimized Woods-Saxon potentials. A proton magic gap of 2.3 MeV at $Z=64\mathrm{}$ and a neutron magic gap of 4.5 MeV at $N=82\mathrm{}$ are established at mass number $A=146\mathrm{}$.

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE ${}_{}{}^{146}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$, estimates of proton and neutron shell gaps.

It is shown that, contrary to a recent suggestion, pion-nucleus scattering is not likely to distinguish among different $\pi -N$ phase shift sets which are in agreement with the $\pi -N$ data.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Calculated ${\pi }^{-}$-${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$, ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$ elastic scattering, effects of $\pi -N$ phase shift sets.

We point out that the contribution of inelastic processes adequately explains the enormous discrepancy (> ${10}^6$) observed between the measured and calculated rates for nuclear excitation by positron annihilation.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Nuclear excitation by positron annihilation; inelastic contributions to cross section explain enormous discrepancy between theory and experiment.

Light supernuclei with nonzero charm which are the analogs of hypernuclei have been studied using a one-boson-exchange potential model and SU(4) symmetry. Bound supernuclei such as $C_{1}N (I=\frac{3}{2},J=0)$, $C_1\mathrm{NN} \mathrm{}(I=2,J=0\mathrm{})\mathrm{}$, and $C_0\mathrm{NN} (I=0, J=\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{and} \frac{3}{2})$ are predicted with reasonable binding energies. An estimate of $C_0$ binding in nuclear matter is also presented.

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE Light supernuclei $C_{0}N$, $C_{1}N$, $C_0\mathrm{NN}$, $C_1\mathrm{NN}$; two-body low energy scattering parameters; OBEP model coupled channel method; three-body binding energies equivalent Faddeev method; $C_0$ binding energy in nuclear matter Bethe-Goldstone method.