Analyzing powers for the ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$($\overrightarrow{p}$,$2p$)${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$ reaction have been measured at 250 and 500 MeV for three pairs of quasifree angles, i.e., 55°-25°, 50°-30°, and 45°-35°. The range of recoil momenta covered is from zero to 150 MeV/c. The data have been compared with distorted-wave impulse approximation predictions. In general only reasonable agreement is obtained, pointing to deficiencies in the distorted wave impulse approximation even at low recoil momenta.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$($\overrightarrow{p}$,$2p$)${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{H}$; measured $A_y({\theta }_3,{\theta }_4,T_3)$, 250, 500 MeV, quasifree angles; comparison with DWIA calculations.

We propose a general theory for deriving the nucleon-nucleon ($\mathrm{NN}$) potential $V$ from meson exchanges. Our potential preserves the half-on-shell $\mathrm{NN}$ $T$ matrix, contains mesonic folded diagrams, and is energy independent. Mesonic folded diagrams are estimated to be of negligible effect for the long-range part of $V$ but may be important for its medium- and short-range parts.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Nucleon-nucleon potential, meson exchanges, folded diagram, $T$ matrix.

It is shown that ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$ nuclei produced in the ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$($\overrightarrow{n}$,$p$)${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$ reaction are polarized. The polarization of ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$ is measured through its beta-decay asymmetry. The analyzing "efficiency" $\epsilon =\frac{P_N}{P_n}$ (${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$ polarization versus that of the incident neutron) for longitudinally polarized neutrons of average energy ${\overline{E}}_n=18\mathrm{}$ MeV is: $\left|\epsilon \right|=0.11\mathrm{}\pm 0.02$.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$($\overrightarrow{n}$,$p$)${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$($\beta$) ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$; $E_n=18\mathrm{}$ MeV; measured $\beta$-decay asymmetry; deduced ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$ polarization and analyzing efficiency.

The ${}_{}{}^{27}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Al}$($n$,$\gamma$)${}_{}{}^{28}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Al}$ reaction has been studied using curved crystal spectrometers, a pair spectrometer, and a Ge(Li) detector. Applying a self-consistent energy calibration, a set of 199 calibration energies relative to the 411 keV Au standard was obtained. An extensive level scheme up to 8 MeV has been established. The neutron binding energy was determined to be 7725.18±0.09 keV. The energy of the ${}_{}{}^{28}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Si}$ transition following the $\beta$ decay of ${}_{}{}^{28}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Al}$ was found to be 1778.987±0.015 keV.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{27}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Al}$($n$,$\gamma$; $E_n=\mathrm{thermal}$; measured $E_{\gamma }$, $I_{\gamma }$; deduced levels, $J$, $\pi$. Crystal spectrometer, Ge(Li).

The scattering of light ions ($n$, $d$, ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$, and $\alpha$) by ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$ is considered with the single-channel resonating-group method. The cluster internal functions used are translationally invariant shell-model functions of the lowest configurations in harmonic-oscillator wells having different width parameters. The result shows that the essential features of the cross-section angular distributions in all these systems can be reasonably well explained. The use of different width parameters is found to be necessary in the low-energy region where sharp resonance levels exist, but is not essential at higher energies greater than about 10 MeV/nucleon. Effects of nucleon exchanges have also been carefully examined. Here one finds that, even in the present case where a non-closed-shell nucleus is involved, the importance of the core-exchange terms still depends predominantly on the nucleon-number difference of the interacting nuclei. In addition, this investigation shows that the phenomenon of blocking has also a profound influence; it gives rise to a channel-spin dependence for the odd-even phase-shift behavior and may cause a substantial reduction in the effects of core-exchange contributions.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$($n$,$n$), ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$($d$,$d$), ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$(${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$, ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$), ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$($\alpha$,$\alpha$); calculated phase shifts and $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$. Resonating-group method and effects of antisymmetrization.

We have examined the Cutkosky-Deo-Ciulli-Chao optimized polynomial expansion as applied to the proton-proton scattering amplitudes. We found that we could not reproduce Chao's positive numerical results for intermediate energy scattering data. Instead, we reached a negative conclusion as to the method's usefulness for that application. We also examined the method's ability to predict the higher angular momentum parts of the amplitudes for three different potentials having realistic parts. Again we found the method to have very meager successes.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Optimal polynomial expansions in nucleon-nucleon scattering; potential models, phase analyses; previous errors.

The cross section for the ${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$($p$,$\gamma$)${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ reaction leading to the 19 MeV region of ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ has been measured at ${\theta }_{\mathrm{lab}}=60\mathrm{}°$ for $E_p$ of 23 to 60 MeV. Angular distributions of cross sections and analyzing powers were measured at $E_p=28.7\mathrm{}$ MeV. The ${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$($p$,${\gamma }_{0,1}$)${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ cross sections were measured at ${\theta }_{\mathrm{lab}}=60\mathrm{}°$ for $E_p$ of 8 to 60 MeV, with angular distribution measurements at $E_p$ of 14.5, 17.0, and 28.7 MeV. The results are compared to direct capture calculations which, in the case of transitions to the 19 MeV region, treat the final state as both a bound and unbound state. The procedures for calculating direct capture to unbound final states are described. The possible existence of a giant resonance state is discussed.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$($p$,$\gamma$)${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$; measured $\sigma \mathrm{}\left(E\right)\mathrm{}$ for transitions to the 19 MeV region of ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ at $\theta =60\mathrm{}°$ for $E_p$ of 23 to 60 MeV, measured $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$ and $A\left(\theta \right)$ at 28.7 MeV for these transitions. ${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$($p$,${\gamma }_{0,1}$)${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$, measured $\sigma \left(60\mathrm{}°\right)$ for $E_p$ of 8 to 60 MeV, $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$ at 14.5, 17.0, and 28.7 MeV. Results are compared to direct capture calculations treating the final state both as bound and unbound. Procedures for calculating direct capture to unbound final states are described. The possible existence of giant resonance states is discussed.

A very narrow $3^{-}$ level has been predicted to be nearly degenerate with the known $2^{+}$ state at 9.85 MeV in ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$. The elastic scattering of $\alpha$ particles from ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ has been reexamined in the region of 9.85 MeV excitation in ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$, and it is found that the data are well described by a calculation which assumes that only the known $2^{+}$ state is present. Calculations show that a $3^{-}$ resonance having ${\Gamma }_{\mathrm{lab}}\lesssim 150$ eV could have escaped detection if it was a few keV higher in energy than the $2^{+}$ resonance. A $3^{-}$ resonance lying anywhere else in the energy range examined would have to have ${\Gamma }_{\mathrm{lab}}<100\mathrm{}$ eV.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}+\alpha$ elastic scattering, $E_{\alpha }=3.52-3.62\mathrm{}$ MeV, ${\theta }_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{}}=90\mathrm{}°-173.3\mathrm{}°$; $R$-matrix theory analysis.

Scattering of 100 and 172 MeV $\alpha$ particles has been used to study giant resonances in ${}_{}{}^{232}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Th}$ and ${}_{}{}^{238}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$. First, experiments have been performed at scattering angles between 8 and 17° using a 1 m scattering chamber. Consistent fits to these data at both incident energies indicate that the giant monopole resonance in these nuclei splits into two parts separated by more than 4 MeV. This is confirmed by new magnetic spectrograph results which have been obtained in the angular region 3°-5°. A splitting of the monopole strength as deduced from our data can be explained by mixing of giant monopole and quadrupole resonances in these deformed nuclei. From the angular dependence of the differential cross sections evidence for the existence of odd parity ($L=1,3\mathrm{}$) giant resonances at high excitation energies is obtained. From the small angle data the giant octupole resonance was located at $E_x=19.6\mathrm{}\pm 1$ MeV with a width $\Gamma \left(\mathrm{FWHM}\right)=6.5\mathrm{}\pm 1$ MeV.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{232}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Th}$, ${}_{}{}^{238}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{U}$($\alpha$,${\alpha }^{\prime }$); $E_{\alpha }=100\mathrm{} \mathrm{and} 172$ MeV; measured $\sigma (\ominus )$. Deduced excitation strengths for multipolarities $L=0-4\mathrm{}$, splitting of the $L=0\mathrm{}$ strength.

Excited states in ${}_{}{}^{69}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ga}$ have been studied by the ${}_{}{}^{64}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$+${}_{}{}^7{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$ reaction at 18 MeV bombarding energy. Gamma-gamma coincidences, angular distribution, and centroid shift measurements are used to determine spin and mean lives in this nucleus. In addition to a positive parity band extending up to $J^{\pi }=\frac{17}{2^{+}}$, a negative parity band built on a ${\frac{9}{2}}^{-}$ level has been also identified.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{64}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ni}$(${}_{}{}^7{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$,$2n$)${}_{}{}^{69}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ga}$ $E=14-18\mathrm{}$ MeV. Measured $\gamma -\gamma$, $I_{\gamma }\left(\theta \right)$, $E_{\gamma }\left(\theta \right)$, Doppler attenuation centroid shift. ${}_{}{}^{69}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ga}$ deduced $J^{\pi }$, $\delta$, $\tau$. Enriched target Ge(Li) detectors.

The ${}_{}{}^{18}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$→${}_{}{}^{18}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{F}$ $\beta$ decay was studied by measuring the ${}_{}{}^{18}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{F}$ deexcitation $\gamma$ rays relative to the dominant superallowed $0^{+}$→$0^{+}$ (1042 keV) branch. The ratio of the intensity of the $0^{-}$ (1081 keV) deexcitation $\gamma$ ray relative to the 1042 keV deexcitation was found to be (2.97±0.22)×${10}^{-4\mathrm{}}$. An absolute $\beta$ branch $I_{\beta }=(2.14\mathrm{}\pm 0.26)\times {10}^{-3\mathrm{}}$% and $ft=(0.99\mathrm{}\pm 0.12)\times {10}^7$ sec for the $0^{+}$→$0^{-}$ $\beta$ decay branch were deduced. This value together with the existing result on the parity mixing of the $0^{+}$, $0^{-}$ doublet in ${}_{}{}^{18}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{F}$ suggests $\left|F_{\pi }\right|=(0.4\mathrm{}\pm 1.1)\times {10}^{-6\mathrm{}}$. The absolute value for the $0^{+}$→$1^{+}$ (1700 keV) $\beta$ branch was deduced as $I_{\beta }=(0.183\mathrm{}\pm 0.006)$% and $ft=(3.19\mathrm{}\pm 0.12)\times {10}^4$ sec.

RADIOACTIVITY ${}_{}{}^{18}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$ [from ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$(${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$,$n$)], measured $E_{\gamma }$, $I_{\gamma }$; deduced $\mathrm{ft}$ values, $F_{\pi }$ limit.

Heavy particle residues arising from the ${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$+${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ and the ${}_{}{}^{10}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$+${}_{}{}^{13}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ entrance channels have been mass identified with a time-of-flight system for boron projectile energies from 14 to 54 MeV in one MeV intervals. Both entrance channels cover a ${}_{}{}^{23}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Na}$ excitation energy range from approximately 25 to 50 MeV. With the exception of decays to the mass 15 and 18 residues, the decay of the ${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$+${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ system to a particular mass is similar in magnitude and energy dependence to the decay of the ${}_{}{}^{10}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$+${}_{}{}^{13}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ system to that mass. This similarity in the two systems and the differences in the mass 15 and 18 decays can be explained in terms of the entrance channel angular momenta and the available decay channels. In addition to the individual decay cross sections, the total ${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$+${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ and ${}_{}{}^{10}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$+${}_{}{}^{13}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ fusion cross sections have been measured. Both entrance channels show evidence of a fusion cross section limitation. These limitations cannot presently be explained in terms of a critical compound nucleus level density.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$(${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$,$X$), $14\le E_{\mathrm{lab}}\le 54$ MeV; ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$(${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$, ${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$)${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$, $E_{\mathrm{lab}}=25, 40, \mathrm{and} 50$ MeV; ${}_{}{}^{13}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$(${}_{}{}^{10}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$,$X$), $14\le E_{\mathrm{lab}}\le 48$ MeV; ${}_{}{}^{13}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$(${}_{}{}^{10}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$, ${}_{}{}^{10}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$)${}_{}{}^{13}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$, $E_{\mathrm{lab}}=18, 25, 32, 39, \mathrm{and} 46$ MeV; measured $\frac{d^2\sigma }{d\Omega }\mathrm{dE}$ for reaction products $M=9-22\mathrm{}$; deduced critical and grazing angular momenta.

Formula for light fragment production in high energy heavy ion collisions on the basis of kinetic theories are derived. Special attention is paid to deuteron production and fluid dynamical models. Criteria for the validity of these formula are discussed in detail.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Fragment production heavy ion collisions theory especially deuterons in context fluid dynamic model.

Two-quasiparticle-plus-rotor model calculations have been performed for ${}_{}{}^{76,78,80}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$ to study the systematics of high-spin states of these nuclei. The negative parity states whose energies are well reproduced by the model are characterized as two-quasiproton states. The consistency of the parameters and the agreement of the experimental and theoretical levels support the tentative spin-parity assignments. Our results for ${}_{}{}^{80}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$ positive-parity, high-spin states indicate that these are zero- and two-quasiproton mixed states.

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE ${}_{}{}^{76,78,80}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Kr}$; calculated levels, compared with experiment, two-quasiparticle-plus-rotor model.

In intermediate energy heavy-ion projectile fragmentation the width of the transverse momentum distribution for a given fragment mass depends on the charge number of the fragment. The greater the charge number, the smaller is the width of the transverse momentum distribution. Such a charge effect may be explained in terms of a Coulomb final state interaction between the fragment and the protons dissociated from the projectile. With simple assumptions concerning the fragmentation process, analytic expressions for the momentum dispersions are obtained and are found to give good agreement with experimental results.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Heavy ions. Projectile fragmentation. Intermediate energy. Coulomb final state interaction. Calculate ${{\sigma }_{\perp }}^2$, ${{\sigma }_{\parallel }}^2$.

A double-folding cluster model generated from $d-\alpha$ and $\alpha -\alpha$ interactions and internal cluster wave functions of the projectile and the target nuclei is proposed to describe the differential cross sections for ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$ elastic scattering from ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ at 156 MeV. Results of these calculations are compared with standard double-folding models and the phenomenological optical model predictions.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$(${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$, ${}_{}{}^6{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Li}$), $E_{\mathrm{Li}}=156\mathrm{}$ MeV, calculated $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$ with double-folding-cluster model potential.

Recoil-distance lifetime measurements of levels in ${}_{}{}^{146}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sm}$ have been carried out using the (${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$,$4n$) reaction at 54 MeV on natural La targets evaporated on gold. The data were analyzed using a computer code which treats complex cascade feeding in a rigorous formalism. The following lifetimes have been measured (energy is in keV and spin parity are in parentheses): 1811.5($6^{+}$), ${125}_{-70\mathrm{}}^{+140\mathrm{}}$ ps; 2600.3($7^{-}$), 16±6 ps; 2737.1($8^{+}$), 16.4±6.0 ps; 2797.6($9^{-}$), ${1.20}_{-0.19\mathrm{}}^{+0.29\mathrm{}}$ ns; 3354.5($9^{-}$), ${39}_{-6\mathrm{}}^{+7\mathrm{}}$ ps; 3783.5(${11}^{-}$), ${15}_{-5\mathrm{}}^{+6\mathrm{}}$ ps; 4091.2(${11}^{-}$), ${7.1}_{-1.9\mathrm{}}^{+2.1\mathrm{}}$ ps; 4628.8(${13}^{-}$), ${7.6}_{-2.9\mathrm{}}^{+3.3\mathrm{}}$ ps. Lifetimes have also been measured for the 747.2($2^{+}$), 1381.2($4^{+}$), and 4461.4(${12}^{-}$) states but with considerably less precision. The results support the interpretation of the yrast odd-spin negative parity states ($3^{-}$ through ${11}^{-}$) as being described by an octupole phonon coupled to the $0^{+}$ through $8^{+}$ yrast even-spin, positive-parity "ground-state band" states. The results for the $2^{+}$ through $8^{+}$ states are compared to calculations of the interacting boson approximation model and cluster-vibrator model. Both models are not inconsistent with the observed transition probabilities up to the $6^{+}$→$4^{+}$ transition, but fail to reproduce that for the $8^{+}$→$6^{+}$ transition. Our results support spin-parity arrangements of ${12}^{-}$ and ${13}^{-}$ for the 4461 and 4629 keV states, respectively.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{139}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{La}$(${}_{}{}^{11}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{B}$,$4n$), $E=54\mathrm{}$ MeV; measured recoil-distance Doppler shift. ${}_{}{}^{146}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sm}$ levels, deduced lifetimes, reduced transition probabilities. Ge(Li) detectors, plunger.

Excitation functions of fission products for 22 fragment masses and neutron-evaporation products, ($p$,$n$), ($p$,$2n$) and ($p$,$3n$) were measured in detail for the system of ${}_{}{}^{232}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Th}$+$p$ in the proton energy range of 8 to 22 MeV. It was found that the excitation functions of symmetrically divided fission fragments were apparently different from those of asymmetrically divided ones. For the interpretation of the experimental results, a statistical evaporation-and-fission calculation was performed by taking into consideration symmetric and asymmetric fission barriers. The experimental data could be reproduced by this statistical calculation, with fission barrier heights that were in accord with the reported experimental ones for the asymmetric fragments and the theoretically predicted one for the symmetric mass division. The level density parameter at the symmetric saddle had to be about 13% larger than that for the asymmetric saddle in order to reproduce the energy dependence of the cross section ratios of asymmetric to symmetric product yields.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS, FISSION ${}_{}{}^{232}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Th}$($p$,$f$), $E_p=8-22\mathrm{}$ MeV, stacked-foil method, excitation functions of fission products and neutron-evaporation products, statistical calculation, symmetric and asymmetric fission barriers.

A relativistic distorted-wave Born approximation model is developed for ($p$,${\pi }^{+}$) reactions within the framework of the one-nucleon mechanism. The nucleon motion is described by solutions to the Dirac equation with appropriate nuclear potentials. Distortion effects in both the proton and pion channels are taken into account and are found to be important. Both pseudovector and pseudoscalar forms of the $\pi \mathrm{NN}$ vertex are considered. The former is found to lead invariably to better agreement with the data. Calculations have been carried out for proton energies ≤200 MeV. Good agreement is obtained with the cross section data for reactions on ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$ and ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$ leading to the ground state of the residual nucleus. For reactions on ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$, the cross section shapes, but not their magnitudes, are reproduced. The calculated analyzing powers are found to be in good agreement with the forward angle data.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ($\overrightarrow{p}$,${\pi }^{+}$) reaction, relativistic one-nucleon model, DWBA, Dirac phenomenology, pseudovector and pseudoscalar $\pi \mathrm{NN}$ vertex, calculated $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$ and $A_y\left(\theta \right)$, comparison with experiment.

Differential cross sections for the inelastic excitation of ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ by protons have been measured at 0.8 GeV; the range of the angular distribution corresponds to momentum transfers of 0.7-2.4 ${\mathrm{fm}}^{-1\mathrm{}}$ ($1-3.3m_{\pi }$). Data for the $1^{+}\mathrm{}(T=0\mathrm{})\mathrm{}$, $1^{+}\mathrm{}(T=1\mathrm{})\mathrm{}$, $2^{+}\mathrm{}(T=1\mathrm{})\mathrm{}$, and the $2^{-}\mathrm{}(T=1\mathrm{})\mathrm{}$ states at 12.71, 15.11, 16.11, and 16.58 MeV, respectively, have been obtained. These states, as well as the $2^{+}\mathrm{}(T=0\mathrm{})\mathrm{}$ state 4.44 MeV, provide a sensitive test of different parts of the effective $N-N$ interaction at 0.8 GeV. We conclude that the differential cross sections for the ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ excitations can be adequately described in the distorted-wave impulse approximation using a recently published $t$-matrix interaction.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS ${}_{}{}^{12}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$($p$,$p^{\prime }$), $E=0.8\mathrm{}$ GeV, measured $\sigma \left(\theta \right)$, resolution ≥ 110 keV, ${\theta }_L=6.5\mathrm{}° \mathrm{and} 9.5° \mathrm{to} 18.5$, $\Delta \theta =0.66\mathrm{}°$, DWIA analysis using a nucleon-nucleon $t$ matrix and transition densities derived from shell model wave functions and ($e$,$e^{\prime }$) scattering.