The scalar and quadrupole pairs obtained for the nucleus ${}_{}{}^{156}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Gd}$ using a realistic interaction are compared with those corresponding to the imposition of various shell-model symmetries, including those of the topical fermion dynamical symmetry model. Evidence is found for the validity of a pseudospin (1/2 decomposition of the single-particle levels, but the other symmetries discussed do not give a good description of the realistic pairs.

Existing experimental data on the even-odd platinum isotopes ${}_{}{}^{193}{}_{}{}^{}$,195,197,199Pt are reviewed in order to classify excited states in terms of U(6/12) quantum numbers. For several of the known states new assignments are proposed which lead to an improved description of these nuclei. The excitation energies of the even-even supersymmetry partners ${}_{}{}^{192}{}_{}{}^{}$,194,196,198Pt are well reproduced with the parameters determined for the odd-mass isotopes.

The energy spectra and wave functions of ${}_{}{}^{17}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ and ${}_{}{}^{17}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{N}$ are calculated using a modification of the Millener-Kurath interaction. The results are used to predict the half-life and decay modes of both the allowed and first-forbidden ${\beta }^{\mathrm{-}}$ decays of ${}_{}{}^{17}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{C}$ as well as ${}_{}{}^{18}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$(d${,}^3$He${)}^{17}$N spectroscopic factors and electromagnetic transition rates in ${}_{}{}^{17}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{N}$.

Shell-model calculations are presented for ${}_{}{}^{100}{}_{}{}^{}$,102,104Zr for most J values of interest. The theoretical energy spectra for ${}_{}{}^{100}{}_{}{}^{}$,102Zr are in good agreement with the experimental values. The neutron 1$g_{7/2}$ and the proton 1$g_{9/2}$ orbits appear to have a strong correlation in their occupation numbers for all the states.

A representation of the relativistic Brueckner G matrix by an effective interaction Lagrangian is proposed. This Lagrangian contains the four mesons σ, ω, π (pseudovector), and ρ (vector), with density-dependent coupling constants. It is shown that Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations of nuclear matter using this effective interaction can reproduce well the results of the Dirac-Brueckner Hartree-Fock approach.

Values of B(E${3;0}_1^{+}$→$3_1^{\mathrm{-}}$) have been determined for the nuclei ${}_{}{}^{194}{}_{}{}^{}$,196,198Pt by Coulomb excitation, giving 0.125(8), 0.102(4), and 0.084(18) $e^2$${\mathrm{b}}^3$, respectively. The results are discussed within the context of a previously suggested discontinuity in octupole behavior in the Pt–Hg region.

The ground-state rotational band of ${}_{}{}^{234}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Th}$ is established up to $I^{\pi }$${=10\mathrm{}}^{+}$ (${12}^{+}$) by in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy. Heavy-ion transfer reactions are shown to be useful to investigate otherwise unaccessible neutron-rich actinide nuclides.

We find that the contributions from meson-exchange currents and from single-nucleon relativistic-order effects do not sufficiently enhance the E2 multipole transition in ${}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}(\gamma$,n)p, to match the quality of previously obtained fits to data for the ratio of the differential cross section at forward and backward angles to that at 90°.

The isotope ${}_{}{}^{181}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ was identified in ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$ irradiations of ${}_{}{}^{144}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Sm}$ via its α-decay properties: $E_{\alpha }$=7.044±0.015 MeV, and $T_{1/2}$${=50\mathrm{}}_{\mathrm{-}30}^{+40\mathrm{}}$ ms. The assignment was based on excitation-function and cross-bombardment ${(}^{39}$K${+}^{147}$Sm and ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$${+}^{147}$Sm) information and on decay-energy systematics. Also, in the course of the ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$${+}^{147}$Sm measurements, two α groups that have not been reported previously were assigned to ${}_{}{}^{183}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$ α decay. The observation of these α groups necessitates a correction to the adopted mass of ${}_{}{}^{183}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Pb}$.

The high-energy reaction cross sections of Li and Be isotopes are calculated using a simplified Glauber model and densities constrained by the empirical binding energies. We find excellent agreement with experiment, reproducing the large increase for the most neutron-rich nuclei.

It is demonstrated that bands of states built on an octupole excitation in the A=62–88 region generally align at J=7ħ. This result is consistent with a prediction extrapolated from previous calculations for the lanthanide and actinide regions. However, in four nuclei such bands seem to persist to significantly higher angular momenta.

The cross sections and the analyzing powers for the ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$(p→,2p) reactions at $E_p$=76.1, 101.3, and 200 MeV are calculated in the distorted-wave impulse approximation using the Love-Franey effective nucleon-nucleon interaction. It is shown that the calculated individual contributions of the central, spin-orbit, and tensor parts in the Love-Franey interaction to the cross sections and the analyzing powers strongly depend on the incident proton energies. The spectroscopic factors extracted are consistent with the other reaction studies.

The thermodynamic properties of hot noninteracting fermion systems having limited spatial extension have been studied. It is shown that the finite size corrections to the thermodynamic quantities such as the excitation energy and the entropy, which are known to be present at low temperatures, generally decrease with increasing temperatures. However, these corrections are not negligible even at temperatures of the order of the chemical potentials and are shown to increase as the size of the system decreases.

Microscopic calculations of nucleon-nucleus elastic scattering which are based on multiple scattering theory usually do not account for the identical nature of the projectile nucleon and the nucleon constituents of the target nucleus, except at the two-body level through use of an effective interaction. In this work the leading three-body antisymmetrization correction is obtained and evaluated. The effects are very small at intermediate energies and are only significant for incident nucleon kinetic energies less than the Fermi energy of the nucleus.

Measurement of the spin carried by the quarks in the proton can be very important in distinguishing between low-energy models of the hadron. Topological soliton models have rather little or no spin in the quarks, in agreement with present experimental indications.

Multiplicity distributions obtained from ${}_{}{}^{49}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{-}$ induced reactions on ${}_{}{}^{27}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Al}$ are for the first time described within a statistical multifragmentation model. The experimental data for the charged particle and the intermediate mass fragment multiplicities are quite satisfactorily reproduced by performing an impact-parameter averaging over nearly central events.

Assuming an equilibrated fireball, we calculate γ yields in the incoherent limit and compare the results to the standard Weisskopf approach. The classical soft-photon approximation is shown to be slightly incorrect depending on excitation energy and gamma emission energy. Our calculation supports the results of a covariant photon production mechanism from p-n collisions in a vector (ω) and scalar (σ) meson exchange model, for beam energies >40 MeV/nucleon.

Differential cross sections for α ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}$He elastic scattering have been calculated at incident α-particle momenta of 4.32, 5.07, and 7.0 GeV/c within the framework of Glauber multiple scattering theory. The full Glauber amplitude has been calculated using the Monte Carlo method for evaluating multidimensional integrals. We found that, in general, the more realistic double-Gaussian model for the density brings theory closer to experiment as compared to the generally used single-Gaussian model in some momentum transfer regions. Our results with the double-Gaussian model and an acceptable set of NN parameters are in fairly good agreement with the experimental data at 4.32 and 5.07 GeV/c.

The cosh-type local potential α-cluster model applied to ${}_{}{}^{44}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ti}$ and ${}_{}{}^{40}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$ under the Wildermuth condition is shown to be inappropriate since it does not correctly exclude the states forbidden by the Pauli principle.