We describe a new method for determining the asymptotic normalization constants of the ${}^6\mathrm{Li}\to \alpha +d$ wave function. This method is based on a phase shift analysis of ${}^6\mathrm{Li}{+}^4\mathrm{He}$ elastic scattering data, with high partial wave parameters obtained from Coulomb-wave Born approximation calculations for d-exchange scattering. Applying this analysis to ${}^6\mathrm{Li}{+}^4\mathrm{He}$ elastic scattering at $E_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{}}=2.2\mathrm{}\hspace{0.5em}\mathrm{MeV},$ we obtain a value for the asymptotic D- to S-state ratio of the ${}^6\mathrm{Li}\to \alpha +d$ wave function of $-0.025\pm 0.006\pm \mathrm{0.010.}$

The differential cross section for radiative capture of protons by deuterons is calculated using different realistic $\mathrm{NN}$ interactions. We compare our results with the available experimental data below $E_x=20\mathrm{}\hspace{0.5em}\mathrm{MeV}.$ Excellent agreement is found when taking into account meson exchange currents, dipole and quadrupole contributions, and the full initial state interaction. There is only a small difference between the magnitudes of the cross sections for the different potentials considered. The angular distributions, however, are practically potential independent.

We discuss the appearance of spurious solutions of few-body equations for Faddeev amplitudes. The identification of spurious states, i.e., states that lack the symmetry required for solutions of the Schrödinger equation, as well as the symmetrization of the Faddeev equations is investigated. As an example, systems of three and four electrons, bound in a harmonic-oscillator potential and interacting by the Coulomb potential, are presented.

Making use of the effective field theory expansion recently developed by the authors, we compute the electromagnetic form factors of the deuteron analytically to next-to-leading order. The computation is rather simple, and involves calculating several Feynman diagrams, using dimensional regularization. The results agree well with data and indicate that the expansion is converging. They do not suffer from any ambiguities arising from off-shell versus on-shell amplitudes.

A detailed analysis of the radiative $p\overline{p}$ annihilation is made in the framework of a two-step formalism; the $p\overline{p}$ annihilates into meson channels containing a vector meson with a subsequent conversion into a photon via the vector dominance model (VDM). Both steps are derived from the underlying quark model. First, branching ratios for radiative protonium annihilation are calculated and compared with data. Then, details of the isospin interference are studied for different models of the initial protonium state and also for different kinematical form factors. The isospin interference is shown to be uniquely connected to the $p\overline{p}-n\mathrm{n̄}$ mixing in the protonium state. Values of the interference terms directly deduced from data are consistent with theoretical expectations, indicating a dominant $p\overline{p}$ component for the ${}^1{S}_0$ and a sizable $n\mathrm{n̄}$ component for the ${}^3{S}_1$ protonium state. The analysis is extended to the $p\overline{p}\to \gamma \Phi$ transition, where the large observed branching ratio remains unexplained in the VDM approach.

A group of odd-mass neutron-rich nuclei with neutron excesses of 9–11 in the $13<~Z<~17$ region has been produced and studied by in-beam intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation using an array of NaI(Tl) detectors. The excitation energies of the observed states in ${}^{35}\mathrm{Al},$ ${}^{37}\mathrm{Si},$ ${}^{39}\mathrm{P},$ ${}^{41}\mathrm{S},$ ${}^{43}\mathrm{S},$ and ${}^{45}\mathrm{Cl}$ have been measured, and the $B\left(E2\mathrm{}\right)\mathrm{}$ values connecting these states to the ground states have been extracted. For the ${}^{41}\mathrm{S}$ and ${}^{43}\mathrm{S}$ cases the measurements have been compared to particle-rotor and particle-vibrator calculations. The measurements for ${}^{41}\mathrm{S}$ are consistent with an interpretation of the low-energy behavior of this nucleus as rotations of a deformed core, whereas for ${}^{43}\mathrm{S}$ no distinction can be made between the deformed (rotational) and spherical (vibrational) calculations.

The level structure of ${}^{215}\mathrm{Po}$ has been studied by observing the alpha decay of ${}^{219}\mathrm{Rn}$ and coincident gamma rays and electrons. In addition to some new levels, some additional tentative spin and parities are observed. Quite different alpha decay hindrance factors make possible the assignment of $\pi {(h}_{9/2}{)}^2\nu {(g}_{9/2}{)}^5$ plus residual reflection asymmetric configurations to one set of states and $\pi {(h}_{9/2}{)}^2\nu {(g}_{9/2}{)}^4{i}_{11/2}$ plus residual configurations to another set of states. These configuration assignments are further studied by a comparison of the systematics of the ${}^{215}\mathrm{Po}$ levels with those of neighboring odd neutron nuclei. In this way the nature of the collapse of the reflection asymmetric configurations into the less degenerate shell model configurations can be studied.

High-spin states in ${}^{78}\mathrm{Kr}$ were studied using the ${}^{58}\mathrm{Ni}{(}^{23}\mathrm{Na},3p)$ reaction at 70 MeV and the ${}^{58}\mathrm{Ni}{(}^{28}\mathrm{Si},\alpha 4p)$ reaction at 130 MeV. Prompt $\gamma -\gamma$ coincidences were measured using the Pitt-FSU detector array and the GAMMASPHERE-MICROBALL array. Results from these experiments have led to 26 new excitation levels, some of which have been grouped into 3 new bands. Spins were assigned based on directional correlations of oriented nuclei. Two of the new negative-parity bands appear to form a signature-partner pair based on a two-quasineutron structure, in contrast to the previously known two-quasiproton negative-parity bands. A forking has been observed at the ${24}^{+}$ state in the yrast band, which calculations suggest may result from an unpaired crossing. The available evidence suggests oblate shapes in the yrast band coexist with prolate shapes in the negative-parity bands.

The magnetic moment of the $2_1^{+}$ and $4_1^{+}$ states in ${}^{152}\mathrm{Gd}$ have been measured by the transient field technique. Heavy ion beams of ${}^{58}\mathrm{Ni}$ and ${}^{32}\mathrm{S}$ were used to Coulomb excite the $2_1^{+},0_2^{+},4_1^{+},2_2^{+}$, and $6_1^{+}$ states in ${}^{152}\mathrm{Gd}.$ A ratio of g factors, ${g(4\mathrm{}}_1^{+}{)/g(2\mathrm{}}_1^{+})=1.10\mathrm{}(24)\mathrm{}$ was obtained. This result is consistent with a collective model description and does not support large single particle contributions to the wave function of low-lying states as were found for the isotone ${}^{150}\mathrm{Sm}.$

The nuclear magnetic moments of the ground states of ${}^{76}\mathrm{As}$ and ${}^{77}\mathrm{As}$ were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance on oriented nuclei (NMR-ON) by detecting $\gamma$ rays and $\beta$ rays. The magnetic hyperfine splitting frequencies of ${}^{76}\mathrm{As}\mathrm{Fe}$ and ${}^{77}\mathrm{As}\mathrm{Fe}$ in a zero external magnetic field are 117.99(8) MHz and 225.58(8) MHz, respectively. With the known hyperfine field of $B_{\mathrm{hf}}{(}^{75}\mathrm{As}Fe)=34.29\mathrm{}(3)\mathrm{}\hspace{0.5em}\mathrm{T}$ the magnetic moments have been determined as $\mu {(}^{76}\mathrm{As}{,2\mathrm{}}^{-})=(-\left)0.9028\mathrm{}\right(10)\mathrm{}{\mu }_N$ and $\mu {(}^{77}\mathrm{As}{,3/2\mathrm{}}^{-})=+1.2946\mathrm{}(13)\mathrm{}{\mu }_N.$ The effective spin-lattice relaxation time for ${}^{76}\mathrm{As}\mathrm{Fe}$ has been measured to be 5.2(8) m and 11.2(16) m at the external magnetic field of 0.2 T and 0.6 T, respectively. The observed magnetic moments are discussed in the framework of the configuration mixing model.

The low-lying level structure of the neutron-deficient isotope ${}^{198}\mathrm{Rn}$ has been studied for the first time, using the ${}^{166}\mathrm{Er}{(}^{36}\mathrm{Ar},4n)$ reaction at a beam energy of 175 MeV. Evaporation residues were selected using an in-flight gas-filled separator, RITU, and implanted at the focal plane into a 16-element position-sensitive, passivated ion-implanted planar silicon detector. Prompt $\gamma$ rays in ${}^{198}\mathrm{Rn}$ were observed at the target position using the JUROSPHERE array of 24 Compton-suppressed germanium detectors, and were identified by the subsequent radioactive decay of associated recoiling ions in the silicon detector. Isotopic assignments of the nuclei produced were made on the basis of the energy and half-life of their $\alpha$ decay. The estimated production cross section for ${}^{198}\mathrm{Rn}$ in this reaction was 180 nb. The excitation energy of the $2_1^{+}$ state indicates inconsistency with theoretical predictions of large stable ground-state deformation in this isotope. The systematics of other low-lying excited states suggests the presence of deformed intruder states falling in energy with increasing neutron deficiency.

The microscopic theory of the nuclear matter equation of state at finite temperature is developed within the Bloch–De Dominicis diagrammatic expansion. The liquid gas phase transition of symmetric nuclear matter is identified, with a critical temperature $T_c\approx 20\hspace{0.5em}\mathrm{MeV},$ using the Argonne $v_{14}$ as the bare $\mathrm{NN}$ interaction and a phenomenological three-body force adjusted to give the correct saturation point. Pure neutron and asymmetric matter, relevant to supernovae explosions, are also studied. It is found that the liquid-gas phase transition disappears at asymmetries $a>\mathrm{}\mathrm{0.9.}\mathrm{}$ At the bounce-off of the supernova collapse, temperatures of several tens of MeV are reached and we find that the compressibility steeply increases at such temperatures. Finally, we find that the equation of state gives a “limiting temperature” of finite nuclei consistent with the experimental observation in compound nucleus reactions. A careful analysis of the diagrammatic expansion reveals that the dominant terms are the ones that correspond to the zero-temperature Bethe-Brueckner-Goldstone diagrams, where the temperature is introduced in the occupation numbers only, represented by Fermi distributions, thus justifying this commonly used procedure of naively introducing the temperature effect.

The quality of the description of nuclear masses and charge radii, calculated in various microscopic approaches, is studied. The Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB), extended Thomas-Fermi model with Strutinski integral (ETFSI), relativistic mean field (RMF), and macroscopic-microscopic (MM) approaches are considered. In the HFB approximation, both finite-range (Gogny) and zero-range (Skyrme) effective forces are used. Spherical even-even nuclei (116 nuclides), from light $\mathrm{}(A=16\mathrm{})\mathrm{}$ to heavy $\mathrm{}(A=220\mathrm{})\mathrm{}$ ones, with known experimental mass are chosen for the study. A general result is that the best description of masses of considered nuclei is obtained in the MM and ETFSI approaches, while the best charge radii are obtained within the RMF and ETFSI approximations. The behavior of nuclear masses and radii, when one moves far off the β-stability line, is also studied.

The standard nuclear matter incompressibility $K_0$ is determined by a data fit based on a model of nuclear energy functional and the scaling assumption of the nuclear breathing mode. The selected nuclear data used in this fit are taken from a limited set of nuclei which have both the measured mass M and the isoscalar giant monopole resonance energy $E_M.$ The obtained value of $K_0,$ based on $26$ experimental points corresponding to $18$ spherical nuclei with $89<~A<~209,$ is $220\pm 20$ MeV.

Relationships are obtained connecting the two-nucleon overlap function of the eigenstates in the $\left(A-2\right)$ particle system with the asymptotic behavior of the two-body density matrix for the ground state of the A-particle system. This makes it possible to calculate the two-body overlap functions, spectroscopic factors and separation energies on the basis of a realistic two-body density matrix. The procedure can be used in describing the ${(e,e}^{\prime }NN)$ and $(\gamma ,NN)$ reactions where the two-body overlap functions are a key ingredient in the analysis.

The stability of proton-rich nuclei with $Z=31\mathrm{}–42$ is investigated using measured binding energies of the analog neutron-rich nuclei and Coulomb energy shifts deduced from a parametrization of measured Coulomb displacement energies in the same mass region. Predicted binding energies and separation energies for proton and two-proton decay are compared with experimental information and with previous calculations where these are available. The positions of the one-proton and diproton drip lines are determined from the computed decay energies. Additional nuclides predicted to be proton stable but unstable to two-proton emission include several isotopes of Sr, Zr, and Mo.

Two-quasiparticle $K^{\pi }{=8\mathrm{}}^{-}$ isomeric states in the $A\sim 130$ and 180 regions are studied with configuration-constrained calculations of potential-energy surfaces. Strong shape-polarization effects due to the two quasiparticles are found. In particular, the nuclei ${}^{188}\mathrm{Pb}{,}^{186}\mathrm{Hg},$ and ${}^{126}\mathrm{Te}$ can be polarized from ground-state spherical or oblate shapes to prolate shapes, indicating a combination of K isomerism and shape isomerism as the Fermi level approaches shell closure.

A comprehensive study of the mass-data-based interaction energy of the last i proton(s) and the last j neutron(s) indicates that the last proton-neutron interaction energy ${\epsilon }_{1p-1n}$ in odd-odd nuclei is greater than half of the average value of the last proton-dineutron interaction energy ${\epsilon }_{1p-2n}$ in odd-Z nuclei and the last diproton-neutron interaction energy ${\epsilon }_{2p-1n}$ in odd-N nuclei, and the phenomenon of the enhancement of the $n-p$ interaction energy in odd-odd nuclei is universal. In proton rich nuclei, the enhancement is generally more remarkable than that in neutron rich ones. To one’s surprise, the ${\epsilon }_{1p-1n}$ in some odd-odd nuclei near proton drip line is even greater than the average value of ${\epsilon }_{1p-2n}$ and ${\epsilon }_{2p-1n}.$ Additionally, it is found that ${\epsilon }_{1p-2n}$ in odd-Z nuclei is approximate to ${\epsilon }_{2p-1n}$ in odd-N nuclei with the same mass number A, which is equivalent to the Garvey-Kelson relation proposed long ago.

Isovector and isoscalar correlations are investigated using an isospin-invariant pairing plus quadrupole model with inclusion of an isoscalar pairing force. An exact shell model calculation is carried out on the ${(g}_{9/2}{)}_p{(g}_{9/2}{)}_n$ shell, as a schematic example. We study isoscalar $(\tau =0)$ and isovector $(\tau =1)$ pair correlations in the ground state and excited states, and examine the interplay between isoscalar and isovector correlations. Under the single $g_{9/2}$ shell approximation, it is found that, for the $N=Z$ even-even system, the number of $\tau =1,\hspace{0.5em}J=8\mathrm{}$ pairs increases drastically in a state with total spin $I=8\mathrm{}$ along the yrast line. For $N=Z$ odd-odd systems, there is a crossing of an even-spin ground band by an odd-spin band at $I=1\mathrm{}$ along the yrast line. The $\tau =0,\hspace{0.5em}J=9\mathrm{}$ proton-neutron correlations increase suddenly at $I=7.\mathrm{}$ This can be interpreted as the alignment of a proton-neutron pair. Finally, we examine the $J=0\mathrm{}$ pair correlations in ground states of even-even and odd-odd systems.