The three-nucleon $\mathrm{}\left(3N\right)\mathrm{}$ photodisintegration of ${}^3\mathrm{He}$ has been calculated in the whole phase space using consistent Faddeev equations for the three-nucleon bound and scattering states. Modern nucleon-nucleon and $3N$ forces have been applied, in addition to different approaches to nuclear currents. Phase space regions are localized where $3N$ force effects are especially large. In addition, semi-exclusive cross sections for ${}^3\mathrm{He}$ $(\gamma ,N),$ which carry interesting peak structures, have been predicted. Finally, some data for the exclusive $3N$ breakup process of ${}^3\mathrm{He}$ and its total breakup cross section have been compared to theory.

The properties of the states of the superdeformed band in ${}^{60}\mathrm{Zn},$ including the moment of inertia and its angular momentum dependence, transition quadrupole moment, and the decay intensities into the ground state band, are analyzed in the framework of the dinuclear system model. The model Hamiltonian depends only on special degree of freedom, namely, on the mass asymmetry coordinate. The results of calculations agree well with the experimental data.

A relativistic mean-field single particle knockout model is compared to inclusive electron scattering ${(e,e}^{\prime })$ from a range of nuclei ${(}^{12}\mathrm{C},$ ${}^{56}\mathrm{Fe},$ and ${}^{197}\mathrm{Au})$ at high electron energy, but in kinematics where the cross section is dominated by the quasielastic response. These experiments were done with incident electron energies of approximately 2 GeV at SLAC with four-momentum transfer squared of approximately $0.20–0.30(\mathrm{GeV}{/c)}^2.$ We include the effects of electron Coulomb distortion in the calculation, and propose a simple way of including Coulomb distortion at high energies which can be used to analyze newer ${(e,e}^{\prime })$ experiments at Jefferson Lab. The effects of the predicted weakening of the strong scalar and vector potentials of the $\sigma -\omega$ model at high nucleon kinetic energy are included in our model.

A new regularization procedure is proposed for Coulombic Legendre series of improved nearside-farside subamplitudes. The procedure is the extension of the standard one that defines the partial wave series for the scattering amplitude in the presence of a long range Coulomb term in the potential, and it provides the same convergence rate. The new method is applied to a pure Coulomb scattering case and to a ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}{+}^{16}\mathrm{O}$ optical potential at $E_{\mathrm{lab}}=145\mathrm{}\mathrm{MeV}.$

In this paper we apply hydrodynamics for systems with continuous broken symmetries to heavy ion collisions in the framework of $\mathrm{}(1+1)\mathrm{}$ dimensional Bjorken model. The temperature profile with respect to proper time determined in that context exhibits no differences with the ideal fluid. On the contrary, it is shown that the profile obtained when Müller-Israel-Stewart second-order theory of dissipation is included on top of standard hydrodynamics indicates a slower cooling of the system.

A recent publication reports that heavy-ion fusion cross sections at extreme sub-barrier energies show a continuous change of their logarithmic slope with decreasing energy, resulting in a much steeper excitation function compared with theoretical predictions. We show that the energy dependence of this slope is partly due to the asymmetric shape of the Coulomb barrier; that is, its deviation from a harmonic shape. We also point out that the large low-energy slope is consistent with the surprisingly large surface diffusenesses required to fit recent high-precision fusion data.

A momentum-space method to solve the Faddeev equations with confining potentials is presented. As an application of this method, we estimate the effect of relativistic effects in the nonstrange baryon spectrum by solving the nonrelativistic Faddeev equations for three quarks as well as a relativistic version of these equations which incorporates relativistic kinematics.

Proton radioactivity from deformed nuclei is usually well reproduced using the particle-rotor model in the strong coupling limit. Recent attempts to go beyond the adiabatic approximation, by the addition of the Coriolis interaction, have failed in reproducing the experimental results. We show that the correct treatment of the pairing residual interaction in the nonadiabatic method permits to recover the good agreement with data.

We estimate the photon and dilepton emission rates from hot hadronic matter with in-medium spectral shift and broadening of vector mesons. It is observed that both the WA98 photon data and CERES/NA45 dilepton data can be well reproduced with similar initial conditions. The freeze-out condition has been constrained by the transverse mass spectra of pions and protons measured by the NA49 Collaboration. We argue that simultaneous measurement of the $p_T$ spectra of single photons as well as invariant mass distribution of dileptons is crucial to understand the in-medium spectral function of the vector mesons.

We formulate a new power-counting scheme for a chiral effective-field theory of nucleons, pions, and $\Delta \mathrm{s}.$ This extends chiral perturbation theory into the $\Delta$-resonance region. We calculate nucleon Compton scattering up to next-to-leading order in this theory. The resultant description of existing $\gamma p$ cross-section data is very good for photon energies up to about 300 MeV. We also find reasonable numbers for the spin-independent polarizabilities ${\alpha }_p$ and ${\beta }_p.$

A microscopic calculation of the equation of state for asymmetric nuclear matter is presented. We employ realistic nucleon-nucleon forces and operate within the Dirac-Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach to nuclear matter. The focal point of this paper is a (momentum-space) G matrix that properly accounts for the asymmetry between protons and neutrons. This will merge naturally into the development of an effective interaction suitable for applications to asymmetric nuclei, which will be the object of extensive study in the future.

A relativistic Green’s function approach to the inclusive quasielastic ${(e,e}^{\prime })$ scattering is presented. The single-particle Green’s function is expanded in terms of the eigenfunctions of the non-Hermitian optical potential. This allows one to treat final state interactions consistently in the inclusive and in the exclusive reactions. Numerical results for the response functions and the cross sections for different target nuclei and in a wide range of kinematics are presented and discussed in comparison with experimental data.

Excitation functions for sub- and near-barrier total (complete + incomplete) fusion cross sections are presented for the ${}^{6,7}\mathrm{Li}{+}^{59}\mathrm{Co}$ reactions. Evaporation residues were identified by their characteristic $\gamma$ rays and the corresponding yields measured with both the IReS Garel $+$ array at the Vivitron facility and with the São Paulo Ge array at the 8UD Pelletron tandem facility using standard γ-ray techniques. The data extend to medium-mass systems previous works exploring the coupling effects (hindrance versus enhancement) in fusion reactions of both lighter and heavier systems. The results indicate a small enhancement of total fusion for the more weakly bound ${}^6\mathrm{Li}$ at sub-barrier energies, with similar cross sections for both reactions at and above the barrier.

Systematic analysis of available data for ω-meson photoproduction is given in the framework of the Regge theory. At photon energies above 20 GeV the $\gamma +\overrightarrow{p}\omega +p$ reaction is entirely dominated by Pomeron exchange. However, it was found that Pomeron exchange model cannot reproduce the $\gamma +\overrightarrow{p}\rho +p$ and $\gamma +\overrightarrow{p}\omega +p$ data at high energies simultaneously with the same set of parameters. The comparison between $\rho$ and $\omega$ data indicates a large room for meson exchange contribution to ω-meson photoproduction at low energies. It was found that at low energies the dominant contribution comes from π- and $f_2-\mathrm{meson}$ exchanges. There is smooth transition between the meson exchange model at low energies and the Regge theory at high energies.

Faddeev calculations have been performed for nucleon-deuteron photodisintegration of ${}^3\mathrm{He}$ ${(}^3\mathrm{H})$ and proton-deuteron radiative capture. The bulk of the results is based on the AV18 nucleon-nucleon force and the Urbana IX three-nucleon force together with explicit exchange currents or applying the Siegert approach. Three-nucleon force effects are predicted for both processes and are qualitatively supported by available data.

Upper limits for the energy-integrated cross section for the decay of the 31-yr ${}^{178}\mathrm{Hf}$ isomer, induced by x-ray irradiation, are extended to lower x-ray energies than we reported previously. Over the range of incident x-ray energies $6<\mathrm{}{E}_x$ (keV)<20, we report the energy-integrated cross section as less than $1\times {10}^{-26}{\mathrm{cm}}^2\mathrm{keV},$ with less stringent limits set down to 4 keV. These limits are at least 3 orders of magnitude below values for which enhancements to the isomer decay rate have been reported by other workers.

We study the influence of proton-neutron $(p-n)$ correlations on $\alpha$-decay width. It is shown from the analysis of $\alpha$ Q values that the $p-n$ correlations increase the penetration of the $\alpha$ particle through the Coulomb barrier in the treatment following Gamow’s formalism, and enlarges the total $\alpha$-decay width significantly. In particular, the isoscalar $p-n$ interactions play an essential role in enlarging the $\alpha$-decay width. The so-called $\mathrm{“}\alpha$ condensate” in $Z>~84$ isotopes are related to the strong $p-n$ correlations.