High-spin states in the odd-odd ${}^{58}\mathrm{Co}$ nucleus have been studied with the fusion-evaporation reaction ${}^{51}\mathrm{V}$ (${}^{10}\mathrm{B}$,$p2n$) using the γ-spectrometer Saci-Perere. Thirty-six new excited states up to spin ${11}^{+}$ and an excitation energy of 8.0 MeV have been observed, which are connected by 46 γ-ray transitions. Transition probabilities for 14 excited states were measured through the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The results are compared with shell-model calculations using the GXPF1 effective interaction, developed for use in the pf shell. These results were interpreted by considering particle-hole excitations with respect to the doubly magic $N=Z=28$ core.

The polarization observables have been determined for the ${}^7\mathrm{Li}$$(\overrightarrow{d},n_0)$${}^8\mathrm{Be}$ and ${}^7\mathrm{Li}$$(\overrightarrow{d},n_1)$${}^8\mathrm{Be}$ reactions at beam energies between 80 and 160 keV. A Transition Matrix Element (TME) analysis revealed unique, dominant p-wave solutions for both neutron channels. The polarization observables were compared with distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) and coupled reaction channels (CRC) calculations. The general features of the data can be reproduced by the CRC calculations when a large target spin-orbit interaction is included. However, serious discrepancies are observed when the TMEs of the theory and experiment are compared.

Recent data from the NA49 experiment on directed and elliptic flow for Pb+Pb reactions at CERN-SPS are compared to calculations with a hadron-string transport model, the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model. The rapidity and transverse momentum dependence of the directed and elliptic flow, i.e., $v_1$ and $v_2$, are investigated. The flow results are compared to data at three different centrality bins. Generally, a reasonable agreement between the data and the calculations is found. Furthermore, the energy excitation functions of $v_1$ and $v_2$ from $E_{\mathrm{beam}}=90A$ MeV to $E_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.}=200A$ GeV are explored within the UrQMD framework and discussed in the context of the available data. It is found that, in the energy regime below $E_{\mathrm{beam}}⩽10A$ GeV, the inclusion of nuclear potentials is necessary to describe the data. Above $40A$ GeV beam energy, the UrQMD model starts to underestimate the elliptic flow. Around the same energy the slope of the rapidity spectra of the proton directed flow develops negative values. This effect is known as the third flow component (“antiflow”) and cannot be reproduced by the transport model. These differences can possibly be explained by assuming a phase transition from hadron gas to quark gluon plasma at about $40A$ GeV.

A set of coupled two-body scattering equations is solved for the $\mathit{DN}$ system embedded in an isosymmetric nuclear matter. The in-medium behavior of charmed $D$ mesons, $(D^{+},D^0)$, is investigated from the self-consistent solution within this scheme. The effective meson-baryon Lagrangian in charm quantum number one sector, the key ingredient in the present study, is adopted from a recent model by Hofmann and Lutz that has aimed at combining the charmed meson degree of freedom in a consistent manner with chiral unitary models. After a critical examination, the original model is modified in several important aspects, such as the method of regularization, to be more consistent and practical for our objective. The resultant interaction is used to reproduce the position and width of the $s$-wave ${\Lambda }_c(2593)$ resonance in the isospin zero $\mathit{DN}$ channel. In the isospin one channel, it generates a rather wide resonance at $~2770$ MeV. The corresponding in-medium solution is then sought by incorporating Pauli blocking and the $D$- and π-meson dressing self-consistently. At normal nuclear matter density, the resultant ${\Lambda }_c(2593)$ is found to stay narrow and shifted at a lower energy, whereas the $I=1$ resonance is lowered in position as well and broadened considerably.

We have extended our model for charged current neutrino-nucleus interactions developed in Phys. Rev. C 73, 065502 (2006) to neutral current reactions. For the elementary neutrino-nucleon interaction, we take into account quasielastic scattering, $\Delta$ excitation, and the excitation of the resonances in the second resonance region. Our model for the neutrino-nucleus collisions includes in-medium effects such as Fermi motion, Pauli blocking, nuclear binding, and final-state interactions. They are implemented by means of the Giessen Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (GiBUU) coupled-channel transport model. This allows us to study exclusive channels, namely pion production and nucleon knockout. We find that final-state interactions modify considerably the distributions through rescattering, charge-exchange, and absorption. Side-feeding induced by charge-exchange scattering is important in both cases. In the case of pions, there is a strong absorption associated with the in-medium pionless decay modes of the $\Delta$, while nucleon knockout exhibits a considerable enhancement of low-energy nucleons because of rescattering. At neutrino energies above 1 GeV, we also obtain that the contribution to nucleon knockout from $\Delta$ excitation is comparable to that from quasielastic scattering.

The half-life of ${}^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ was determined by following the decay of ${}^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ and ${}^{60}\mathrm{Co}$ for 14 yr. Mixed sources containing ${}^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ and ${}^{60}\mathrm{Co}$ and pure sources of ${}^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ and ${}^{60}\mathrm{Co}$ were prepared and their γ-ray spectra were measured with a Ge spectrometer once or twice a year. Counts in the 1157.0-keV γ-ray photopeak of ${}^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ and the 1173.2- and 1332.5-keV γ-ray photopeaks of ${}^{60}\mathrm{Co}$ were used for this measurement. From the decay of the ${}^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ and ${}^{60}\mathrm{Co}$ activity ratios, the half-life of ${}^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ was determined. Using a value of 5.2711±0.0004 yr for ${}^{60}\mathrm{Co}$ half-life, we determined the half-life of ${}^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ as 58.9±0.3 yr. Special efforts were made to check for systematic errors and these were found to be negligible within the quoted uncertainty.

Computation of collisional energy loss in a finite size QCD medium has become crucial to obtain reliable predictions for jet quenching in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. We here compute this energy loss up to the zeroth order in opacity. Our approach consistently treats both soft and hard contributions to the collisional energy loss. Consequently, it removes the unphysical energy gain in a region of lower momenta obtained by previous computations. Most importantly, we show that for characteristic QCD medium scales, finite size effects on the collisional energy loss are not significant.

Three well-known photonuclear sum rules (SR), i.e., the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn, the bremsstrahlungs and the polarizability SR are calculated for ${}^4\mathrm{He}$ with the realistic nucleon-nucleon potential Argonne V18 and the three-nucleon force Urbana IX. The relation between these sum rules and the corresponding energy weighted integrals of the cross section is discussed. Two additional equivalences for the bremsstrahlungs SR are given, which connect it to the proton-neutron and neutron-neutron distances. Using them, together with our result for the bremsstrahlungs SR, we find a deviation from the tetrahedral symmetry of the spatial configuration of ${}^4\mathrm{He}$. The possibility to access this deviation experimentally is discussed.

Using modern methods of reactor physics, we performed full-scale calculations of the Oklo natural reactor. For reliability, we used recent versions of two Monte Carlo codes: the Russian code MCU-REA and the well-known international code MCNP. Both codes produced similar results. We constructed a computer model of the Oklo reactor zone $\mathit{RZ}2$ which takes into account all details of design and composition. The calculations were performed for three fresh cores with different uranium contents. Multiplication factors, reactivities, and neutron fluxes were calculated. We also estimated the temperature and void effects for the fresh core. As would be expected, we found for the fresh core a significant difference between reactor and Maxwell spectra, which had been used before for averaging cross sections in the Oklo reactor. The averaged cross section of ${}_{62}^{149}\mathrm{Sm}$ and its dependence on the shift of a resonance position $E_r$ (due to variation of fundamental constants) are significantly different from previous results. Contrary to the results of previous papers, we found no evidence of a change of the samarium cross section: a possible shift of the resonance energy is given by the limits $-73⩽\Delta E_r⩽62$ meV. Following tradition, we have used formulas of Damour and Dyson to estimate the rate of change of the fine structure constant α. We obtain new, more accurate limits of $-4\times {10}^{-17}⩽\stackrel{·}{\alpha }/\alpha ⩽3\times {10}^{-17}\hspace{1em}{\mathrm{yr}}^{-1}$. Further improvement of the accuracy of the limits can be achieved by taking account of the core burn-up. These calculations are in progress.

We report a half-life of the ground state of ${}^{184}\mathrm{Re}$ populated by the ${}^{185}\mathrm{Re}$$(\gamma ,n)$${}^{184}\mathrm{Re}$ reaction from laser Compton scattering γ rays generated through relativistic engineering. The γ rays are provided at the electron storage ring NewSUBARU. The previous experiment using deuteron-induced reactions has yielded a recommended half-life of the $3^{-}$ ground state of ${}^{184}\mathrm{Re}$ of $38.0\pm 0.5$ d, including a possible contribution from the $8^{+}$ isomer ($T_{1/2}=169\pm 8$ d) of ${}^{184}\mathrm{Re}$ since the presence of the isomer was not known at that time. In contrast, the $(\gamma ,n)$ reaction has an advantage to selectively populate the ground state because this reaction does not bring large angular momentum. The measured half-life of $35.4\pm 0.7$ d is shorter than the previous half-life by about 7%. This difference is crucial for applications using the activation method.

We study the central part of the $\Lambda N$ and $\Lambda \Lambda$ potential by considering the correlated and uncorrelated two-meson exchange in addition to the ω exchange contribution. The correlated two-meson exchange is evaluated within a chiral unitary approach. We find that a short-range repulsion is generated by the correlated two-meson potential, which also produces an attraction in the intermediate-distance region. The uncorrelated two-meson exchange produces a sizable attraction in all cases that is counterbalanced by the ω exchange contribution.

The extension of density functional theory (DFT) to include pairing correlations without formal violation of the particle-number conservation condition is described. This version of the theory can be considered as a foundation of the application of existing DFT plus pairing approaches to atoms, molecules, ultracooled and magnetically trapped atomic Fermi gases, and atomic nuclei where the number of particles is conserved exactly. The connection with Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) theory is discussed, and the method of quasilocal reduction of the nonlocal theory is also described. This quasilocal reduction allows equations of motion to be obtained which are much simpler for numerical solution than the equations corresponding to the nonlocal case. Our theory is applied to the study of some even Sn isotopes, and the results are compared with those obtained in the standard HFB theory and with the experimental ones.

Excited states in ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}$ were theoretically investigated by means of the $\alpha +\alpha +\alpha$ microscopic cluster model where the complex scaling method was applied to localize the three-body resonance states. We extended the model space with respect to that by R. Pichler et al. [Nucl. Phys. A618, 55 (1997)] by taking into account all partial waves up to the $G$ wave in the two Jacobi coordinates and found that the $2^{+}$ resonance excited states are significantly affected by this extension whereas the $0^{+}$ states are insignificantly affected. The present model localizes the third $0^{+}$ state around 4–5 MeV with respect to the three-body threshold but cannot localize the $0^{+}$ state, which could correspond to the experimentally assumed $0^{+}$ state at 3.0 MeV ($E_x=10.3$ MeV). Moreover, the second $2^{+}$ state is localized around 2–3 MeV, which might correspond to the $2^{+}$ state measured by M. Itoh et al. [Nucl. Phys. A738, 268c (2004)], and the third $2^{+}$ state is localized around 4–5 MeV, which is overlapping with the third $0^{+}$ and the second $4^{+}$ states.

The cross section for the fusion of ${}^9\mathrm{Li}$ with ${}^{70}\mathrm{Zn}$ was measured for seven projectile energies spanning the subbarrier and near-barrier region ($E_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.}$ ranging from 9.7 to 13.4 MeV) using the ISAC facility at TRIUMF. γ-ray spectroscopy of the irradiated target foils along with β counting of the chemically separated Ge and As evaporation residues were used to measure the fusion cross sections. Statistical model calculations were used to correct for the yields of any unobserved nuclei. The observed fusion excitation function shows significant subbarrier fusion enhancement with a large deduced value of the fusion radius, $R_B=12.1\pm 1.0$ fm. Coupled-channels calculations do not account for the observed subbarrier enhancement. The implications of this finding for understanding the fusion of ${}^{11}\mathrm{Li}$ are discussed.

We consider the secular behavior of shell-model configuration (partial) densities. When configuration densities are characterized by their moments, one often finds large third moments (asymmetries), which make suitable parametrization of the secular behavior problematic. We review several parameterizations or models and compare to exact numerical configuration densities. We propose a modified Breit-Wigner form which provides a better secular approximation, for large asymmetries, compared to models based on Gaussian forms.

The properties of spin-polarized neutron matter are studied both at zero and finite temperature using the D1 and the D1P parametrizations of the Gogny interaction. The results show two different behaviors: whereas the D1P force exhibits a ferromagnetic transition at a density of ${\rho }_c~1.31{\mathrm{fm}}^{-3}$ whose onset increases with temperature, no sign of such a transition is found for D1 at any density and temperature, in agreement with recent microscopic calculations.

The first detailed comparison of the low-momentum interaction $V_{\mathrm{low}k}$ with $G$ matrices is presented. We use overlaps to measure quantitatively the similarity of shell-model matrix elements for different cutoffs and oscillator frequencies. Over a wide range, all sets of $V_{\mathrm{low}k}$ matrix elements can be approximately obtained from a universal set by a simple scaling. In an oscillator mean-field approach, $V_{\mathrm{low}k}$ reproduces satisfactorily many features of the single-particle and single-hole spectra on closed-shell nuclei, in particular through remarkably good splittings between spin-orbit partners on top of harmonic oscillator closures. The main deficiencies of pure two-nucleon interactions are associated with binding energies and with the failure to ensure magicity for the extruder-intruder closures. Here, calculations including three-nucleon interactions are most needed. $V_{\mathrm{low}k}$ makes it possible to define directly a meaningful unperturbed monopole Hamiltonian, for which the inclusion of three-nucleon forces is tractable.

A high-spin isomer in ${}^{98}\mathrm{Zr}$, of half-life 1.9 (2) $\mu s$, has been observed using the Lohengrin mass spectrometer of the high-flux reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble. The isomer was produced by the thermal-neutron induced fission of ${}^{239}\mathrm{Pu}$. Measurements at the spectrometer focal point of $\gamma \text{−}t$ and $\gamma \text{−}\gamma \text{−}t$, relative to the arrival of a fission fragment, allowed the isomer to be identified and the level scheme constructed. The isomeric state at 6603.3 keV of excitation energy is tentatively assigned a spin and parity of (${17}^{-}$) and is proposed to have a $\pi (g_{9/2}^2)\nu (g_{7/2}^1{h}_{11/2}^1)$ configuration.

The framework of relativistic self-consistent mean-field models is extended to include correlations related to the restoration of broken symmetries and to fluctuations of collective variables. The generator coordinate method is used to perform configuration mixing of angular-momentum and particle-number projected relativistic wave functions. The geometry is restricted to axially symmetric shapes, and the intrinsic wave functions are generated from the solutions of the relativistic mean-field+Lipkin-Nogami BCS equations, with a constraint on the mass quadrupole moment. The model employs a relativistic point-coupling (contact) nucleon-nucleon effective interaction in the particle-hole channel, and a density-independent δ-interaction in the pairing channel. Illustrative calculations are performed for ${}^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$, ${}^{32}\mathrm{S}$, and ${}^{36}\mathrm{Ar}$, and compared with results obtained employing the model developed in the first part of this work, i.e., without particle-number projection, as well as with the corresponding nonrelativistic models based on Skyrme and Gogny effective interactions.