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Telecom Networking with a Diamond Quantum Memory

Eric Bersin1,2,*,†, Madison Sutula3,†, Yan Qi Huan3, Aziza Suleymanzade3, Daniel R. Assumpcao4, Yan-Cheng Wei3, Pieter-Jan Stas3, Can M. Knaut3, Erik N. Knall4 et al.

Carsten Langrock5, Neil Sinclair4, Ryan Murphy1, Ralf Riedinger3,6,7, Matthew Yeh4, C.J. Xin4, Saumil Bandyopadhyay2, Denis D. Sukachev3,8, Bartholomeus Machielse3,8, David S. Levonian3,8, Mihir K. Bhaskar3,8, Scott Hamilton1, Hongkun Park3,9, Marko Lončar4, Martin M. Fejer5, P. Benjamin Dixon1, Dirk R. Englund2, and Mikhail D. Lukin3

  • 1Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, USA
  • 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • 3Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
  • 4John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
  • 5E. L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
  • 6Institut für Laserphysik und Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 22761, Germany
  • 7The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg 22761, Germany
  • 8AWS Center for Quantum Networking, Boston, Massachusetts 02135, USA
  • 9Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA

  • *Eric.Bersin@ll.mit.edu
  • †These authors contributed equally to this work.
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PRX Quantum 5, 010303 – Published 8 January, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.010303

Abstract

Practical quantum networks require interfacing quantum memories with existing channels and systems that operate in the telecom band. Here we demonstrate low-noise, bidirectional quantum frequency conversion that enables a solid-state quantum memory to directly interface with telecom-band systems. In particular, we demonstrate conversion of visible-band single photons emitted from a silicon-vacancy (SiV) center in diamond to the telecom O band, maintaining low noise (g2(0)<0.1) and high indistinguishability (V=89±8%). We further demonstrate the utility of this system for quantum networking by converting telecom-band time-bin pulses, sent across a lossy and noisy 50-km deployed fiber link, to the visible band and entangling them with a diamond quantum memory with fidelity F≥87±2.5%. These results demonstrate the viability of SiV quantum memories integrated with telecom-band systems for scalable quantum networking applications.

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Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Popular Summary

Many promising applications of quantum technologies, such as distributed quantum computing, quantum-enhanced sensor networks, and quantum secure communications, require interfacing and networking quantum technologies together with existing channels and systems. Such a quantum network requires the ability to transduce quantum states between stationary quantum technologies such as quantum memories—network nodes that hold and process information—and telecom photons—flying qubits that can easily travel between network nodes. We demonstrate a platform for faithfully relaying quantum states back and forth between a diamond silicon-vacancy (SiV) quantum memory and telecom photons traveling over deployed fiber-optic cables.

The SiV's visible-wavelength emissions necessitate nonlinear frequency conversion to a lower-loss telecom band. Critically, our work performs this while maintaining a high signal-to-noise ratio between the weak quantum signals and noise generated through the conversion process. First, we convert visible photons emitted by a SiV to the low-loss telecom O band while keeping noise low enough to maintain properties critical for quantum networking. Second, we transduce quantum states encoded in a telecom photon onto a SiV with high fidelity, showing the real-world utility of this system by demonstrating it across a 50-km link in a Boston-area quantum network test bed connecting the MIT Lincoln Laboratory and Harvard University. Combined, these two results demonstrate the viability of integrating SiV memories with telecom-band systems, paving the way for scalable quantum networking applications.

See Also

Development of a Boston-area 50-km fiber quantum network testbed

Eric Bersin, Matthew Grein, Madison Sutula, Ryan Murphy, Yan Qi Huan, Mark Stevens, Aziza Suleymanzade, Catherine Lee, Ralf Riedinger, David J. Starling, Pieter-Jan Stas, Can M. Knaut, Neil Sinclair, Daniel R. Assumpcao, Yan-Cheng Wei, Erik N. Knall, Bartholomeus Machielse, Denis D. Sukachev, David S. Levonian, Mihir K. Bhaskar, Marko Lončar, Scott Hamilton, Mikhail Lukin, Dirk Englund, and P. Benjamin Dixon
Phys. Rev. Applied 21, 014024 (2024)

Article Text

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PRX Quantum 5, 010303– Published 8 January, 2024
  • Received 31 July 2023
  • Accepted 15 December 2023
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