- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine

Physical Review Research

Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Open Access

Quantum point contact with local two-body loss

Kensuke Kakimoto1 and Shun Uchino1,2

PDF

Phys. Rev. Research 7, 043220 – Published 25 November, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/xfmf-4s1l

Abstract

Motivated by recent advances in ultracold atomic gas experiments, we investigate a two-terminal mesoscopic system in which two-body loss occurs locally at the center of a one-dimensional chain. By means of the self-consistent Born approximation in the Keldysh formalism, we uncover mesoscopic current formulas that are experimentally relevant and applicable to the weak dissipation regime. Although these formulas are analogous to those for systems with one-body loss, it turns out that the channel transmittance and loss probability depend on the nonequilibrium occupation at the lossy site. We demonstrate that this occupation dependence leads to a weaker suppression of currents in the presence of two-body loss compared to one-body loss.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

References (60)

  1. H.-P. Breuer and F. Petruccione, The Theory of Open Quantum Systems (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002).
  2. H. M. Wiseman and G. J. Milburn, Quantum Measurement and Control (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2009).
  3. Y. V. Nazarov and Y. M. Blanter, Quantum Transport: Introduction to Nanoscience (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2009).
  4. E. G. D. Torre, E. Demler, T. Giamarchi, and E. Altman, Quantum critical states and phase transitions in the presence of non-equilibrium noise, Nat. Phys. 6, 806 (2010).
  5. E. G. Dalla Torre, E. Demler, T. Giamarchi, and E. Altman, Dynamics and universality in noise-driven dissipative systems, Phys. Rev. B 85, 184302 (2012).
  6. B. Misra and E. C. G. Sudarshan, The Zeno's paradox in quantum theory, J. Math. Phys. 18, 756 (1977).
  7. M. C. Fischer, B. Gutiérrez-Medina, and M. G. Raizen, Observation of the quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects in an unstable system, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 040402 (2001).
  8. P. Facchi and S. Pascazio, Quantum Zeno subspaces, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 080401 (2002).
  9. N. Syassen, D. M. Bauer, M. Lettner, T. Volz, D. Dietze, J. J. García-Ripoll, J. I. Cirac, G. Rempe, and S. Dürr, Strong dissipation inhibits losses and induces correlations in cold molecular gases, Science 320, 1329 (2008).
  10. P. Facchi and S. Pascazio, Quantum Zeno dynamics: Mathematical and physical aspects, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 41, 493001 (2008).
  11. Y. Sun, T. Shi, Z. Liu, Z. Zhang, L. Xiao, S. Jia, and Y. Hu, Fractional quantum Zeno effect emerging from non-Hermitian physics, Phys. Rev. X 13, 031009 (2023).
  12. Y. Ashida, S. Furukawa, and M. Ueda, Parity-time-symmetric quantum critical phenomena, Nat. Commun. 8, 15791 (2017).
  13. M. Nakagawa, N. Kawakami, and M. Ueda, Non-Hermitian Kondo effect in ultracold alkaline-earth atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 203001 (2018).
  14. A. J. Daley, Quantum trajectories and open many-body quantum systems, Adv. Phys. 63, 77 (2014).
  15. M. Müller, S. Diehl, G. Pupillo, and P. Zoller, Engineered open systems and quantum simulations with atoms and ions, Adv. At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 61, 1 (2012).
  16. L. M. Sieberer, M. Buchhold, and S. Diehl, Keldysh field theory for driven open quantum systems, Rep. Prog. Phys. 79, 096001 (2016).
  17. G. Barontini, R. Labouvie, F. Stubenrauch, A. Vogler, V. Guarrera, and H. Ott, Controlling the dynamics of an open many-body quantum system with localized dissipation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 035302 (2013).
  18. R. Labouvie, B. Santra, S. Heun, S. Wimberger, and H. Ott, Negative differential conductivity in an interacting quantum gas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 050601 (2015).
  19. R. Labouvie, B. Santra, S. Heun, and H. Ott, Bistability in a driven-dissipative superfluid, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 235302 (2016).
  20. Y. S. Patil, S. Chakram, and M. Vengalattore, Measurement-induced localization of an ultracold lattice gas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 140402 (2015).
  21. H. P. Lüschen, P. Bordia, S. S. Hodgman, M. Schreiber, S. Sarkar, A. J. Daley, M. H. Fischer, E. Altman, I. Bloch, and U. Schneider, Signatures of many-body localization in a controlled open quantum system, Phys. Rev. X 7, 011034 (2017).
  22. M. J. Mark, E. Haller, K. Lauber, J. G. Danzl, A. Janisch, H. P. Büchler, A. J. Daley, and H.-C. Nägerl, Preparation and spectroscopy of a metastable Mott-insulator state with attractive interactions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 215302 (2012).
  23. B. Yan, S. A. Moses, B. Gadway, J. P. C. K. R. Hazzard, A. M. Rey, D. S. Jin, and J. Ye, Observation of dipolar spin-exchange interactions with lattice-confined polar molecules, Nature (London) 501, 521 (2013).
  24. T. Tomita, S. Nakajima, I. Danshita, Y. Takasu, and Y. Takahashi, Observation of the Mott insulator to superfluid crossover of a driven-dissipative Bose-Hubbard system, Sci. Adv. 3, e1701513 (2017).
  25. T. Tomita, S. Nakajima, Y. Takasu, and Y. Takahashi, Dissipative Bose-Hubbard system with intrinsic two-body loss, Phys. Rev. A 99, 031601(R) (2019).
  26. M.-Z. Huang, P. Fabritius, J. Mohan, M. Talebi, S. Wili, and T. Esslinger, Saturation of thermal and spin conductances in a dissipative superfluid junction, Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 253403 (2025).
  27. S. Krinner, T. Esslinger, and J.-P. Brantut, Two-terminal transport measurements with cold atoms, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 29, 343003 (2017).
  28. L. Amico, D. Anderson, M. Boshier, J.-P. Brantut, L.-C. Kwek, A. Minguzzi, and W. von Klitzing, Colloquium: Atomtronic circuits: From many-body physics to quantum technologies, Rev. Mod. Phys. 94, 041001 (2022).
  29. L. Corman, P. Fabritius, S. Häusler, J. Mohan, L. H. Dogra, D. Husmann, M. Lebrat, and T. Esslinger, Quantized conductance through a dissipative atomic point contact, Phys. Rev. A 100, 053605 (2019).
  30. H. Fröml, C. Muckel, C. Kollath, A. Chiocchetta, and S. Diehl, Ultracold quantum wires with localized losses: Many-body quantum Zeno effect, Phys. Rev. B 101, 144301 (2020).
  31. H. Fröml, A. Chiocchetta, C. Kollath, and S. Diehl, Fluctuation-induced quantum Zeno effect, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 040402 (2019).
  32. M. Lebrat, S. Häusler, P. Fabritius, D. Husmann, L. Corman, and T. Esslinger, Quantized conductance through a spin-selective atomic point contact, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 193605 (2019).
  33. A.-M. Visuri, T. Giamarchi, and C. Kollath, Symmetry-protected transport through a lattice with a local particle loss, Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 056802 (2022).
  34. S. Uchino, Comparative study for two-terminal transport through a lossy one-dimensional quantum wire, Phys. Rev. A 106, 053320 (2022).
  35. M.-Z. Huang, J. Mohan, A.-M. Visuri, P. Fabritius, M. Talebi, S. Wili, S. Uchino, T. Giamarchi, and T. Esslinger, Superfluid signatures in a dissipative quantum point contact, Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 200404 (2023).
  36. A.-M. Visuri, J. Mohan, S. Uchino, M.-Z. Huang, T. Esslinger, and T. Giamarchi, DC transport in a dissipative superconducting quantum point contact, Phys. Rev. Res. 5, 033095 (2023).
  37. M. Gievers, T. Müller, H. Fröml, S. Diehl, and A. Chiocchetta, Quantum wires with local particle loss: Transport manifestations of fluctuation-induced effects, Phys. Rev. B 110, 205419 (2024).
  38. A. Kamenev, Field Theory of Non-equilibrium Systems (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2023).
  39. G. Stefanucci, Kadanoff-Baym equations for interacting systems with dissipative Lindbladian dynamics, Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 066901 (2024).
  40. S. Datta, Electronic Transport in Mesoscopic Systems (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 1997).
  41. C. W. Gardiner and P. Zoller, Quantum Noise, 3rd ed. (Springer, Berlin, 2004),
  42. P. E. Dolgirev, J. Marino, D. Sels, and E. Demler, Non-Gaussian correlations imprinted by local dephasing in fermionic wires, Phys. Rev. B 102, 100301(R) (2020).
  43. T. Jin, J. S. Ferreira, M. Filippone, and T. Giamarchi, Exact description of quantum stochastic models as quantum resistors, Phys. Rev. Res. 4, 013109 (2022).
  44. A. Altland and B. Simons, Condensed Matter Field Theory, 3rd ed. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2023).
  45. L. Pan, X. Chen, Y. Chen, and H. Zhai, Non-Hermitian linear response theory, Nat. Phys. 16, 767 (2020).
  46. X.-X. Yang, B.-H. Wu, Y. Chen, and W. Zhang, f-sum rules for dissipative systems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 100401 (2024).
  47. J. Ferreira, T. Jin, J. Mannhart, T. Giamarchi, and M. Filippone, Transport and nonreciprocity in monitored quantum devices: An exact study, Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 136301 (2024).
  48. T. Ishiyama, K. Fujimoto, and T. Sasamoto, Exact current fluctuations in a tight-binding chain with dephasing noise, arXiv:2504.06989.
  49. H. Haug and A.-P. Jauho, Quantum Kinetics in Transport and Optics of Semiconductors (Springer, Berlin, 2008).
  50. H. Bruus and K. Flensberg, Many-Body Quantum Theory in Condensed Matter Physics: An Introduction (Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2004).
  51. Y.-F. Qu, M. Stefanini, T. Shi, T. Esslinger, S. Gopalakrishnan, J. Marino, and E. Demler, Variational approach to the dynamics of dissipative quantum impurity models, Phys. Rev. B 111, 155113 (2025).
  52. Notice that ε=0 represents that the channel transmittance at the Fermi level is 1 in the absence of dissipation.
  53. Here, the conductance in neutral systems is given. In the case of electric systems, the conductance quantum becomes e2/2π in natural units.
  54. K. Yamada, Perturbation expansion for the Anderson Hamiltonian. II, Prog. Theor. Phys. 53, 970 (1975).
  55. C. Gross and I. Bloch, Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices, Science 357, 995 (2017).
  56. M. Stefanini, Y.-F. Qu, T. Esslinger, S. Gopalakrishnan, E. Demler, and J. Marino, Dissipative realization of Kondo models, Commun. Phys. 8, 212 (2025).
  57. M. Sonner, V. Link, and D. A. Abanin, Semigroup influence matrices for nonequilibrium quantum impurity models, Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 170402 (2025).
  58. C. da Fonseca, On the eigenvalues of some tridiagonal matrices, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 200, 283 (2007).
  59. R. A. Usmani, Inversion of a tridiagonal Jacobi matrix, Linear Algebra Appl. 212-213, 413 (1994).
  60. X. Turkeshi and M. Schiró, Diffusion and thermalization in a boundary-driven dephasing model, Phys. Rev. B 104, 144301 (2021).

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Research 7, 043220– Published 25 November, 2025
  • Received 8 June 2025
  • Accepted 31 October 2025
Crossmark - Check for updates button
Creative Commons Logo

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

Published by the American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation