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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Feedback-enhanced driven-dissipative quantum batteries in waveguide QED systems

Xian-Li Yin1,2,*, Meixi Guo1, Jian Huang3, Heung-wing Joseph Lee1, and Guofeng Zhang1,4,5,†

  • 1Department of Applied Mathematics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
  • 2Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
  • 3Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
  • 4The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guang Dong 518057, China
  • 5Research Institute for Quantum Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China

  • *Contact author: xianliyin@foxmail.com
  • †Contact author: guofeng.zhang@polyu.edu.hk
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Phys. Rev. Research 8, L032035 – Published 31 August, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/h3tl-lxt8

Abstract

Quantum batteries (QBs), acting as energy storage devices, have potential applications in future quantum science and technology. However, the QBs inevitably lose energy due to their interaction with the environment. How to enhance the performance of the QBs in the open-system scenario remains an important challenge. Here, we propose a scheme to realize driven-dissipative QBs in atom-waveguide-QED systems and demonstrate significant improvements in both the stored energy and extractable work (ergotropy) of the QBs via measurement feedback (MFB). For a single-atom QB, we show that MFB alone can realize perfect charging without coherent driving, with the sign of the feedback strength determining whether dissipation is suppressed or enhanced. For a many-body QB array, MFB and collective effects generate three distinct dynamical phases, including a boundary time-crystal phase with persistent energy oscillations and cyclic charging dynamics, as well as two stationary phases with low- and high-energy storage. By analyzing the Liouvillian spectrum, charging power, heat currents, and integrated energetic cost, we identify the dynamical origin of these phases and quantify the energy investment required for charging. This work broadens the scope of driven-dissipative QBs and provides practical strategies for enhancing their performance.

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Phys. Rev. Research 8, L032035– Published 31 August, 2026
  • Received 17 November 2025
  • Revised 16 June 2026
  • Accepted 28 July 2026
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