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Stable supersolids and boselets in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with three-body interactions

Rajamanickam Ravisankar1,2,3, Sanu Kumar Gangwar4, Henrique Fabrelli5, Yongping Zhang6, Paulsamy Muruganandam7,8, Pankaj Kumar Mishra4, Emmanuel Kengne9, Gao Xianlong1,*, and Boris A. Malomed10,11

  • 1Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
  • 2Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
  • 3Zhejiang Institute of Photoelectronics & Zhejiang Institute for Advanced Light Source, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China
  • 4Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
  • 5Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
  • 6Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
  • 7Department of Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
  • 8Department of Medical Physics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
  • 9School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
  • 10Department of Physical Electronics, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, P.O.B. 39040, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel, Israel
  • 11Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile

  • *Contact author: gaoxl@zjnu.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. Research 7, 023317 – Published 27 June, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/gycf-981f

Abstract

We explore the stability of supersolid striped waves, plane-wave boselets, and other extended states in one-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with repulsive three-body interactions (R3BIs), modeled by quintic terms in the framework of the corresponding Gross-Pitaevskii equations. In the absence of R3BIs, the extended states are susceptible to the modulational instability (MI) induced by the cubic attractive nonlinearity. Using the linearized Bogoliubov-de-Gennes equations, we identify multiple new types of MI, including baseband, passband, mixedband, and zero-wavenumber-gain ones, which give rise to deterministic rogue waves and complex nonlinear wave patterns. Our analysis reveals that R3BIs eliminate baseband and zero-wavenumber-gain MIs, forming, instead, phonon modes that enable stable boselets. Additionally, mixedband and passband MIs are suppressed, which results in a latticelike phonon-roton mode that supports a stable supersolid phase. These stable supersolids can be realized using the currently available ultracold experimental setup.

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Phys. Rev. Research 7, 023317– Published 27 June, 2025
  • Received 20 December 2024
  • Accepted 2 June 2025
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