- Open Access
Shear jamming transition in alternating shear rotation for frictional and frictionless suspensions
Phys. Rev. Research 8, 033013 – Published 6 July, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/dysg-d749
Abstract
Alternating shear rotations in dense suspensions have recently shown the ability to reduce both viscosity and dissipation per strain (at a fixed global shear rate). Here, we study alternating shear rotations, with extensive numerical simulations, at various angles and up to their corresponding jamming points. For increasing shear rotation angles, we find that the jamming point is continuously shifted to higher packing fractions for frictional particles, while it remains constant for frictionless particles. As a consequence, the alternating shear rotation is unable to reduce the dissipation per strain for suspensions composed of frictionless particles. We detail the individual contributions, hydrodynamic or contact, to the shear stress, which are uncharted for this protocol. As the angle of rotation increases, the average contact stress decreases. However, we find that the hydrodynamic stress shows the opposite trend, instead increasing with increasing angle. Hence, hydrodynamic stress will dominate up to much higher packing fractions as the angle of rotation increases. In addition, we report how the microstructure varies and establish a one-to-one mapping between the contact number and its contribution to the total stress for both frictionless and frictional particles.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Article Text
Supplemental Material
References (36)
- R. Seto, A. Singh, B. Chakraborty, M. M. Denn, and J. F. Morris, Shear jamming and fragility in dense suspensions, Granular Matter 21, 82 (2019).
- F. Blanc, F. Peters, J. J. J. Gillissen, M. E. Cates, S. Bosio, C. Benarroche, and R. Mari, Rheology of dense suspensions under shear rotation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 118202 (2023).
- E. Rojas and K. Kamrin, Transient stress and fabric model for quasi-static granular flows in three dimensions, Soft Matter 21, 2896 (2025).
- P. Acharya and M. Trulsson, Tacking: Shear fragility and geometry reduces the dissipation for dense suspensions, Phys. Rev. Res. 6, 033327 (2024).
- C. Ness, R. Mari, and M. E. Cates, Shaken and stirred: Random organization reduces viscosity and dissipation in granular suspensions, Sci. Adv. 4, eaar3296 (2018).
- C. S. O’Hern, L. E. Silbert, A. J. Liu, and S. R. Nagel, Jamming at zero temperature and zero applied stress: The epitome of disorder, Phys. Rev. E 68, 011306 (2003).
- A. J. Liu and S. R. Nagel, Jamming is not just cool any more, Nature (London) 396, 21 (1998).
- T. Majmudar, M. Sperl, S. Luding, and R. P. Behringer, Jamming transition in granular systems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 058001 (2007).
- H. P. Zhang and H. A. Makse, Jamming transition in emulsions and granular materials, Phys. Rev. E 72, 011301 (2005).
- G. Katgert, B. P. Tighe, and M. van Hecke, The jamming perspective on wet foams, Soft Matter 9, 9739 (2013).
- R. Lespiat, S. Cohen-Addad, and R. Höhler, Jamming and flow of random-close-packed spherical bubbles: An analogy with granular materials, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 148302 (2011).
- I. M. Krieger and T. J. Dougherty, A mechanism for non-Newtonian flow in suspensions of rigid spheres, Trans. Soc. Rheol. 3, 137 (1959).
- M. E. Cates, J. P. Wittmer, J.-P. Bouchaud, and P. Claudin, Jamming, force chains, and fragile matter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1841 (1998).
- See Supplemental Material at https://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/dysg-d749 for details.
- N. Y. C. Lin, B. M. Guy, M. Hermes, C. Ness, J. Sun, W. C. K. Poon, and I. Cohen, Hydrodynamic and contact contributions to continuous shear thickening in colloidal suspensions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 228304 (2015).
- F. Blanc, F. Peters, and E. Lemaire, Local transient rheological behavior of concentrated suspensions, J. Rheol. 55, 835 (2011).
- S. Plimpton, Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics, J. Comput. Phys. 117, 1 (1995).
- C. Ness, Simulating dense, rate-independent suspension rheology using lammps, Comput. Part. Mech. 10, 2031 (2023).
- N. Y. Lin, C. Ness, M. E. Cates, J. Sun, and I. Cohen, Tunable shear thickening in suspensions, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 113, 10774 (2016).
- R. Mari, R. Seto, J. F. Morris, and M. M. Denn, Shear thickening, frictionless and frictional rheologies in non-Brownian suspensions, J. Rheol. 58, 1693 (2014).
- S. Kim and S. J. Karrila, Microhydrodynamics: Principles and Selected Applications (Courier Corporation, Mineola, NY, 2013).
- R. Radhakrishnan, rangrisme/lubrication: Lubrication force, v1.0.0, Zenodo, 2018, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1137305.
- C. S. O’Hern, S. A. Langer, A. J. Liu, and S. R. Nagel, Random packings of frictionless particles, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 075507 (2002).
- L. E. Silbert, Jamming of frictional spheres and random loose packing, Soft Matter 6, 2918 (2010).
- C. Ness and J. Sun, Two-scale evolution during shear reversal in dense suspensions, Phys. Rev. E 93, 012604 (2016).
- Removing rattlers may improve the data collapse, particularly at high . However, we did not observe any significant improvement, so we retained the simpler measure.
- A. Zaccone, Complete mathematical theory of the jamming transition: A perspective, J. Appl. Phys. 137, 050901 (2025).
- It should be noted that the precise values of the transitions will likely vary somewhat depending on the specific system parameters.
- C. Ness, Z. Xing, and E. Eiser, Oscillatory rheology of dense, athermal suspensions of nearly hard spheres below the jamming point, Soft Matter 13, 3664 (2017).
- N. K. Agrawal, Z. Ge, M. Trulsson, O. Tammisola, and L. Brandt, Rheology and dynamics of dense particle suspensions in rotary shear flows, J. Fluid Mech. 1018, A51 (2025).
- J. Dong and M. Trulsson, Transition from steady shear to oscillatory shear rheology of dense suspensions, Phys. Rev. E 102, 052605 (2020).
- R. Seto, R. Mari, J. F. Morris, and M. M. Denn, Discontinuous shear thickening of frictional hard-sphere suspensions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 218301 (2013).
- M. van der Naald, A. Singh, T. T. Eid, K. Tang, J. J. de Pablo, and H. M. Jaeger, Minimally rigid clusters in dense suspension flow, Nat. Phys. 20, 653 (2024).
- A. Goyal, N. S. Martys, and E. Del Gado, Flow induced rigidity percolation in shear thickening suspensions, J. Rheol. 68, 219 (2024).
- A. Santra, M. Orsi, B. Chakraborty, and J. F. Morris, Rigid clusters in shear-thickening suspensions: A nonequilibrium critical transition, Phys. Rev. Res. 7, 013275 (2025).
- P. Acharya and M. Trulsson, Shear jamming transition in alternating shear rotation for frictional and frictionless suspensions, Version 1.0, Dataset, Zenodo, 2026, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20517309.