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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Measuring non-Hermitian topological invariants directly from quench dynamics

Xiao-Dong Lin1,2 and Long Zhang1,3,*

  • *Contact author: lzhangphys@hust.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. Research 7, L012060 – Published 10 March, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.L012060

Abstract

While non-Hermitian (NH) topological phases and phenomena have been observed across various quantum systems, directly measuring NH topological invariants remains a significant challenge. In this study, we present a generic and unified framework for the direct measurement of various NH topological invariants in odd-dimensional systems through quench dynamics. We demonstrate that in one-dimensional (1D) NH systems with sublattice symmetry, the line-gap winding number and point-gap braiding degree can be extracted from the winding patterns of a dynamically constructed field based on postquench spin textures. Specifically, line-gap topology is characterized by integer-valued winding, whereas point-gap complex-band braiding is revealed by half-integer or integer winding with abrupt jumps. We also extend our approach to higher-dimensional winding numbers and non-Bloch topological invariants under open-boundary conditions. Additionally, we propose a practical cold-atom setup to realize and detect 1D NH topological phases, showing that our dynamical measurement scheme is feasible in current experimental settings. This work paves the way for the direct measurement of NH topological invariants in quantum systems.

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Phys. Rev. Research 7, L012060– Published 10 March, 2025
  • Received 6 October 2024
  • Accepted 20 February 2025
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